RACK1 MARylation regulates translation and stress granules in ovarian cancer cells.

Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation (MARylation) is emerging as a critical regulator of ribosome function and translation. Herein, we demonstrate that RACK1, an integral component of the ribosome, is MARylated by the mono(ADP-ribosyl) transferase (MART) PARP14 in ovarian cancer cells. MARylation of RACK1 is required for stress granule formation and promotes the colocalization of RACK1 in stress granules with G3BP1, eIF3η, and 40S ribosomal proteins.

Validating the revised Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities Scale with health care professionals.

Objective: Disability stigma has been linked with adverse chronic and acute health outcomes in people with disabilities. The present study updated the widely used Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons measure (to the revised Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities [ATPD] scale) among health care professionals and validated the measure using a disability stigma framework.

Design: A survey with 272 health care professionals and students was conducted.

Ion-Induced Phase Changes in 2D MoTe Films for Neuromorphic Synaptic Device Applications.

Two-dimensional molybdenum ditelluride (2D MoTe) is an interesting material for artificial synapses due to its unique electronic properties and phase tunability in different polymorphs 2H/1T'. However, the growth of stable and large-scale 2D MoTe on a CMOS-compatible Si/SiO substrate remains challenging because of the high growth temperature and impurity-involved transfer process. We developed a large-scale MoTe film on a Si/SiO wafer by simple sputtering followed by lithium-ion intercalation and applied it to artificial synaptic devices.

Immobile Integrin Signaling Transit and Relay Nodes Organize Mechanosignaling through Force-Dependent Phosphorylation in Focal Adhesions.

Transmembrane signaling receptors, such as integrins, organize as nanoclusters that provide several advantages, including increasing avidity, sensitivity (increasing the signal-to-noise ratio), and robustness (signaling threshold) of the signal in contrast to signaling by single receptors. Furthermore, compared to large micron-sized clusters, nanoclusters offer the advantage of rapid turnover for the disassembly of the signal. However, whether nanoclusters function as signaling hubs remains poorly understood.

Essential Competencies in Nursing Leadership From Asian Leaders' Perspectives.

The literature on nursing leadership tends to be mainly based on Western perspectives and models, which could be viewed as an imperialistic and colonialist aspect of nursing knowledge development. Furthermore, leadership competencies and skills could differ across countries due to variations in cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this discussion paper is to identify essential competencies of leaders from Asian nurse leaders' perspectives and provide suggestions for future nursing leadership.

The inability to predict futility in hemorrhaging trauma patients using 4-hour transfusion volumes and rates.

Background: Blood shortages and utilization stewardship have motivated the trauma community to evaluate futility cutoffs during massive transfusions (MTs). Recent single-center studies have confirmed meaningful survival in ultra-MT (≥20 U) and super-MT (≥50 U), while others advocate for earlier futility cut points. We sought to evaluate whether transfusion volume and intensity cut points could predict 100% mortality in a multicenter analysis.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in B,N-Substituted Tetracene Derivatives: A Theoretical Pathway to Enhanced OLED Materials.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exhibit intriguing characteristics that position them as promising candidates for advancements in organic semiconductor technologies. Notably, tetracene finds substantial utility in Electronics due to its application in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). The strategic introduction of an isoelectronic boron-nitrogen (B,N) pair to replace a carbon-carbon pair in acenes introduces changes in the electronic structure, allowing for the controlled modulation of diradical characteristics.

Healthcare resource utilization and costs after initiating direct-acting oral anticoagulants or low molecular weight heparins in patients with venous thromboembolism.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can lead to significant healthcare resource utilization (HcRU) and costs. First-line treatments such as direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) are utilized for VTE management. There are limited observational studies to determine which first-line drug for VTE is associated with lower HcRU and cost.

Visible-Light-Fueled Polymerizations for 3D Printing.

ConspectusLight-driven polymerizations and their application in 3D printing have revolutionized manufacturing across diverse sectors, from healthcare to fine arts. Despite the popularized notion that with 3D printing "imagination is the only limit", we and others in the scientific community have identified fundamental hurdles that restrict our capabilities in this space. Herein, we describe the group's efforts in developing photochemical systems that respond to nontraditional colors of light to elicit the rapid, spatiotemporally controlled formation of plastics.

A Meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Food Insecurity Among People Experiencing Housing Insecurity and Homelessness in the United States.

Objectives: Studies suggest that people experiencing housing insecurity and homelessness (HIH) have varying experiences with food insecurity. We estimated the prevalence of food insecurity and identified the factors associated with it among people experiencing HIH in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of the prevalence of food insecurity among people experiencing HIH and a systematic review of associated factors through a comprehensive search of 8 academic databases.

From the Ground Up: Building and Implementing a Successful CHW/Promotor(a) Program for Cancer Screening, Training, Education, and Prevention.

In this practice note, we examine the implementation and impact of the Texas Cancer Screening, Training, Education, and Prevention (C-STEP) program, which aims to reduce cancer disparities in medically underserved and rural areas. The program utilizes community health workers (CHWs) or promotor(a)s to provide outreach, education, and early detection services for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancers. C-STEP employs a multidisciplinary approach, partnering with the Center for Community Health Development National Community Health Worker Training Center to certify CHWs in cancer prevention and detection.

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&RUN Sequencing Data.

The CUT&RUN technique facilitates detection of protein-DNA interactions across the genome. Typical applications of CUT&RUN include profiling changes in histone tail modifications or mapping transcription factor chromatin occupancy. Widespread adoption of CUT&RUN is driven, in part, by technical advantages over conventional ChIP-seq that include lower cell input requirements, lower sequencing depth requirements, and increased sensitivity with reduced background signal due to a lack of cross-linking agents that otherwise mask antibody epitopes.

TeenGrowth: Individualized Estimations of Weight-Related Risk and Recovery Metrics for Young People With Eating Disorders.

Objective: While weight restoration and/or stabilization is crucial for successful treatment and sustained recovery from restrictive eating disorders (EDs), it is often challenging to define an individual's expected healthy body weight. This paper introduces the TeenGrowth package and its web-based application, designed to calculate and forecast predicted body mass index (BMI) and weight across adolescence.

Method: TeenGrowth includes functions for data cleaning, predicted BMI z-score and BMI calculations, and growth forecasting.

Flow-Through Flaps as a Robust Method for Advanced Free Flap Reconstruction in the Head and Neck: A Multi-Institutional Experience.

Background: Flow-through flaps (FTFs) are an advanced technique in which a free flap is anastomosed to the pedicle of another free flap to reconstruct extensive head and neck defects when recipient vessels are scarce.

Methods: A multi-institutional cohort of FTFs used for head and neck reconstruction were reviewed. For comparison, FTF outcomes were compared to free flaps that required vein grafts (VG) to reach distant recipient vessels.

Effects of implant status and breed type on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, sera metabolites, and immunohistochemical responses in finishing steers.

The number of beef × dairy animals entering feedlots has increased, but the response of beef × dairy cattle to growth-promoting implants has not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breed type and implant administration on live performance, carcass characteristics, sera metabolites, and immunohistochemical (IHC) outcomes. Forty-eight steers (average body weight [BW] = 417±22 kg) were sorted by breed into groups of predominantly Angus (B), black-hided beef × primarily Holstein (B×D), or Holstein (D), and half of the steers within each breed type were administered a steroidal implant.

The uses of right heart catheterization in cardio-pulmonary disease: State-of-the-art.

The right heart catheterization (RHC) remains an important diagnostic tool for a spectrum of cardiovascular disease processes including pulmonary hypertension (PH), shock, valvular heart disease, and unexplained dyspnea. While it gained widespread utilization after its introduction, the role of the RHC has evolved to provide valuable information for the management of advanced therapies in heart failure (HF) and cardiogenic shock (CS) to name a few. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on the indications, utilization, complications, interpretation, and calculations associated with RHC.

Trends in stroke-related mortality in atrial fibrillation patients in the United States: Insights from the CDC WONDER database.

Background: Stroke associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant cause of mortality. This study analyzed demographic trends and disparities in mortality rates due to stroke in AF patients aged ≥25 years.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to acquire death data using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database from 1999 to 2020.

Persistent microbial infections and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - an insight into pathogenesis.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is characterized by chronic inflammation and scarring of the lungs, of which idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most devastating pathologic form. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis leads to loss of lung function and eventual death in 50% of patients, making it the leading cause of ILD-associated mortality worldwide. Persistent and subclinical microbial infections are implicated in the acute exacerbation of chronic lung diseases.

Surface interactions of gelatin-sourced carbon quantum dots with a model globular protein: insights into carbon-based nanomaterials and biological systems.

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), are prevalent in biological systems and have been widely utilized in applications like environmental sensing and biomedical fields. While their presence in human matrices is projected to increase, the interfacial interactions between carbon-based nanoscopic platforms and biomolecular systems continue to remain underexplored. In this study, we investigated the effect of gelatin-sourced CQDs on the globular milk protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG).

The Exposome and Cardiovascular Health: Webcast December 12 2024.

This 61-minute webcast features a conversation about "The Exposome and Cardiovascular Health"-the focus of Issue 20.5. Led by the issue's editors, the discussion engages the authors on emerging themes and lessons learned while researching and writing the articles.