Country economic status is strongly associated with burn survival - validation of the (modified) ABSI.

Background: Predicting burn-related mortality is vital for family counseling, triage, and resource allocation. Several of the burn-specific mortality prediction scores have been developed, including the Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI) in 1982. However, these scores are not tested for accuracy to support contemporary estimates of the global burden of burn injury.

A phase Ia study of a novel anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate GQ1001 in patients with previously treated HER2 positive advanced solid tumors.

Background: A novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) GQ1001 was assessed in patients with previously treated HER2 positive advanced solid tumors in a global multi-center phase Ia dose escalation trial.

Methods: In this phase Ia trial, a modified 3 + 3 study design was adopted during dose escalation phase. Eligible patients were enrolled, and GQ1001 monotherapy was administered intravenously every 3 weeks.

Cancer-related health behaviors during the COVID 19 pandemic in geographically diverse samples across the US.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic involved business closures (e.g., gyms), social distancing policies, and prolonged stressful situations that may have impacted engagement in health behaviors.

Differences in anxiety, depression and pain experience among adults with chronic low back pain as a function of nicotine product use.

The landscape of nicotine use in the United States (US) has continued to evolve, with electronic cigarette use (hereafter e-cigarette) becoming more evident in recent years. Patterns of dual nicotine use, or using combustible nicotine in conjunction with e-cigarettes, may increase dependence on nicotine, continued exposure to toxins, and corresponding health risks. One of the most prevalent health problems related to nicotine use is the experience of chronic pain.

Non-Caucasian Race/Ethnicity Predisposes to Unfavorable Stage and Grade at Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis.

Objective: To test whether race/ethnicity affects stage or grade distribution at upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) diagnosis.

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database 2004-2020, UTUC patients were identified. Multivariable logistic regression models tested for the association between race/ethnicity and stage as well as grade at diagnosis according to renal pelvis vs.

A Trauma-Focused Screening Approach for Teen Dating Violence Prevention.

Developing accurate and equitable screening protocols can lead to more targeted, efficient, and effective, teen dating violence (TDV) prevention programming. Current TDV screening protocols perform poorly and are rarely implemented, but recent research and policy emphasizes the importance of leveraging more trauma-focused screening measures for improved prevention outcomes. In response, the present study examined which adversities (i.

Surgical Margins and Oncologic Outcomes Following Wedge Resection of Pulmonary Metastases in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients with Sarcoma.

Introduction: Children and young adults diagnosed with sarcoma often present with pulmonary metastases requiring wedge resection. It is important to balance the risk of pulmonary recurrence against the desire to limit resection of benign parenchyma. This study aims to determine the impact of resection margins on survival and recurrence among pediatric and young adult sarcoma patients.

Immunogenomic determinants of exceptional response to immune checkpoint inhibition in renal cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors can lead to 'exceptional', durable responses in a subset of persons. However, the molecular basis of exceptional response (ER) to immunotherapy in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) has not been well characterized. Here we analyzed pretherapy genomic and transcriptomic data in treatment-naive persons with mccRCC treated with standard-of-care immunotherapies: (1) combination of programmed cell death protein and ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitors (IO/IO) or (2) combination of PD1/PDL1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitors (IO/VEGF).

Alleviation of liver fibrosis by inhibiting a non-canonical ATF4-regulated enhancer program in hepatic stellate cells.

Liver fibrosis is a critical liver disease that can progress to more severe manifestations, such as cirrhosis, yet no effective targeted therapies are available. Here, we identify that ATF4, a master transcription factor in ER stress response, promotes liver fibrosis by facilitating a stress response-independent epigenetic program in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Unlike its canonical role in regulating UPR genes during ER stress, ATF4 activates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene transcription under fibrogenic conditions.

Bioinspired self-flowing wood chemical treatment.

Wood has complex composition and structure, which make it difficult to achieve consistent and controllable treatment. A self-flowing process presented for the chemical treatment of wood is inspired by liquid transportation in trees during photosynthesis and tree growth, whereby liquid in the soil is brought through the natural vessels and/or fiber tracheids. In this process, wood lumbers are placed in a tank containing treatment chemicals such as preservatives, fire retardants, or reactive agents.

Molecular logic for cellular specializations that initiate the auditory parallel processing pathways.

The cochlear nuclear complex (CN), the starting point for all central auditory processing, encompasses a suite of neuronal cell types highly specialized for neural coding of acoustic signals. However, the molecular logic governing these specializations remains unknown. By combining single-nucleus RNA sequencing and Patch-seq analysis, we reveal a set of transcriptionally distinct cell populations encompassing all previously observed types and discover multiple hitherto unknown subtypes with anatomical and physiological identity.

Impact of population screening for Lynch syndrome insights from the All of Us data.

Lynch Syndrome (LS) is a common genetic cancer condition that allows for personalized cancer prevention and early cancer detection in identified gene carriers. We used data from the All of Us (AOU) Research Initiative to assess the prevalence of LS in the general U.S.

Parenting and Family Concerns of Couples Navigating Advanced Breast Cancer: Exploring Discussions Around Parenting Challenges and Targets for Intervention.

Background: Parents with advanced cancer and their partners are more likely to experience psychological distress than their counterparts without minor children. Greater relationship functioning may support parents in distress.

Aims: The current study seeks to explore couples' cancer-related parenting communication behaviors, perception and their associations with psychological and relational wellbeing.

Joint k-b space diffusion-weighted image reconstruction and apparent diffusion coefficient fitting for diffusion-weighted turbo-spin-echo imaging.

Background: Diffusion-weighted (DW) turbo-spin-echo (TSE) imaging offers improved geometric fidelity compared to single-shot echo-planar-imaging (EPI). However, it suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and prolonged acquisition times, thereby restricting its applications in diagnosis and MRI-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT).

Purpose: To develop a joint k-b space reconstruction algorithm for concurrent reconstruction of DW-TSE images and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map with enhanced image quality and more accurate quantitative measurements.

Cost drivers of gastric sleeve procedures performed using robotic platform.

Background: Robotic bariatric surgery adoption rates have increased, and the higher costs associated with robotic sleeve gastrectomy (rSG) are a concern.

Objectives: To investigate the factors associated with increased costs of rSG.

Setting: US hospital database.

A socioecological model of neighborhood disorder, religious attendance, and sleep efficiency.

Objectives: Drawing on the socioecological model of sleep health, we formally examine the association between neighborhood disorder and sleep efficiency. While most studies focus on direct associations with neighborhood context, we also consider whether the relationship between religious attendance and sleep efficiency varies as a function of neighborhood disorder.

Design: We use ordinary least squares regression to model cross-sectional survey data.

Concomitant antihistamine administration is associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with atezolizumab. Analysis of individual participant data from IMvigor210 and IMvigor211.

Objectives: Survival outcomes of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) are still suboptimal and strategies to enhance response to immune-oncology (IO) compounds are under scrutiny. In preclinical studies, it has been demonstrated that antihistamines may reverse macrophage immunosuppression, reactivate T cell cytotoxicity, and enhance the immunotherapy response. We aimed to evaluate the role of concomitant antihistamines administration on oncological outcomes among patients with mUC.

Deep learning model to identify and validate hypotension endotypes in surgical and critically ill patients.

Background: Hypotension is associated with organ injury and death in surgical and critically ill patients. In clinical practice, treating hypotension remains challenging because it can be caused by various underlying haemodynamic alterations. We aimed to identify and independently validate endotypes of hypotension in big datasets of surgical and critically ill patients using unsupervised deep learning.

Impact of corticosteroids on improving lung compliance in a patient with pulmonary microscopic polyangiitis.

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a small-vessel vasculitis characterised by systemic infiltration, with a primary focus on the renal and pulmonary systems. One of its more lethal pulmonary manifestations is diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH), although the spectrum of lung pathology in MPA is vast and calls for immediate immunosuppressive therapy. Our case looks at an older woman initially presenting with MPA-induced rapid progressive glomerulonephritis.

Clinical efficacy of OS-01 peptide formulation in reducing the signs of periorbital skin aging.

Background: The aging of the skin, particularly around the periorbital region, is a complex process characterized by the accumulation of senescent cells, decreased collagen production, and reduced skin elasticity, leading to visible signs such as fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging.

Objective: This study investigates the efficacy of a novel topical formulation, OS-01 EYE, containing the senomorphic peptide, OS-01, along with other active ingredients, in improving the skin around the eyes.

Methods: A 12-week clinical study was conducted with 22 participants who applied OS-01 EYE twice daily.

Deep learning MRI models for the differential diagnosis of tumefactive demyelination versus -wildtype glioblastoma.

Background And Purpose: Diagnosis of tumefactive demyelination can be challenging. The diagnosis of indeterminate brain lesions on MRI often requires tissue confirmation via brain biopsy. Noninvasive methods for accurate diagnosis of tumor and non-tumor etiologies allows for tailored therapy, optimal tumor control, and a reduced risk of iatrogenic morbidity and mortality.

Dysregulation of Airway and Systemic Interferon Responses Promote Asthma Exacerbations in Urban Children.

Background: Determining why some upper respiratory illnesses provoke asthma exacerbations remains an unmet need.

Objective: To identify transcriptome-wide gene expression changes associated with colds that progress to exacerbation.

Methods: 208 urban children (6-17 years) with exacerbation-prone asthma were prospectively monitored for up to two cold illnesses.

Impact of Kidney Disease in Patients Undergoing Catheter Directed Interventions for Intermediate to High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism.

Background: Catheter-directed interventions (CDIs) for pulmonary embolism (PE) continue to evolve. However, due to the paucity of data, their use has been limited in patients with underlying kidney disease.

Methods: The National Readmission Database (2016-2020) was utilized to identify intermediate to high-risk PE (IHR-PE) patients requiring CDI (thrombectomy, thrombolysis, and ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis).

Vaginal Antiseptic Preparation at the Time of Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To compare the rates of surgical site infection (SSI) after hysterectomy using vaginal antisepsis with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) versus povidone-iodine (PI).

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases were queried from January 1, 1985 through Dec 7, 2023.