Possibility of Using NO Modulators for Pharmacocorrection of Endothelial Dysfunction After Prenatal Hypoxia.

Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is a key factor in the development of long-term cardiovascular disorders, which are caused by various mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction (ED), including those associated with NO deficiency. This emphasizes the potential of therapeutic agents with NO modulator properties, such as Thiotriazoline, Angiolin, Mildronate, and L-arginine, in the treatment of PH. Pregnant female rats were given a daily intraperitoneal dose of 50 mg/kg of sodium nitrite starting on the 16th day of pregnancy.

Antistaphylococcal Triazole-Based Molecular Hybrids: Design, Synthesis and Activity.

Background: In the era of resistance, the design and search for new "small" molecules with a narrow spectrum of activity that target a protein or enzyme specific to a certain bacterium with high selectivity and minimal side effects remains an urgent problem of medicinal chemistry. In this regard, we developed and successfully implemented a strategy for the search for new hybrid molecules, namely, the not broadly known [2-(3-R-1-[1,2,4]-triazol-5-yl)phenyl]amines. They can act as "building blocks" and allow for the introduction of certain structural motifs into the desired final products in order to enhance the antistaphylococcal effect.

Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cerebral Ischemia: Advances in Pharmacological Interventions.

The study of mitochondrial dysfunction has become increasingly pivotal in elucidating the pathophysiology of various cerebral pathologies, particularly neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy metabolism, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium homeostasis, and the execution of apoptotic processes. Disruptions in mitochondrial function, driven by factors such as oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and altered ion balance, lead to neuronal death and contribute to cognitive impairments in several brain diseases.

Bioisosteric Replacement in the Search for Biologically Active Compounds: Design, Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Novel [1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazolines.

Designing novel biologically active compounds with anti-inflammatory properties based on condensed quinazolines is a significant area of interest in modern medicinal chemistry. In the present study, we describe the development of promising new bioactive molecules through the bioisosteric replacement of a carbon atom with a sulfur atom in anti-inflammatory agents, specifically 3-methyl-2-oxo-2-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-]quinazolin-6-yl)butanoate. Design and synthetic studies have led to the series of previously unknown substituted 2-[((3-R-2-oxo-2-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-]quinazolin-6-yl)methyl)thio]carboxylic acids and their esters.

Development and Optimization of Nasal Composition of a Neuroprotective Agent for Use in Neonatology after Prenatal Hypoxia.

The intranasal route of drug administration is characterized by high bioavailability and is considered promising for rapid delivery of drugs with systemic action to the central nervous system (CNS), bypassing the blood-brain barrier. This is particularly important for the use of neuroprotective drugs in the treatment of brain tissue damage in infants caused by the effects of intrauterine hypoxia. The creation of new dosage forms for neonatology using mathematical technologies and special software in pharmaceutical development allows for the creation of cerebroprotective drugs with controlled pharmaco-technological properties, thus reducing time and resources for necessary research.

Optimization of the Search for Neuroprotectors among Bioflavonoids.

For the first time, to optimize the creation of new neuroprotective agents based on bioflavonoids, we applied information technologies; these include docking analysis to calculate the binding of candidate molecules to the pharmacological target protein transthyretin as well as a program of virtual screening of NO scavengers. As a result of this approach, the substance catechin was isolated from candidate molecules-quercetin, catechin, Epicatechin gallate, Epicatechin, Procyanidin B1, Procyanidin B2, Procyanidin B3, and Catechin-3-gallate-according to docking analysis. As a result of virtual screening, catechin was identified as a potential NO scavenger (55.

Modulating Nitric Oxide: Implications for Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotection.

Despite the significant progress in the fields of biology, physiology, molecular medicine, and pharmacology; the designation of the properties of nitrogen monoxide in the regulation of life-supporting functions of the organism; and numerous works devoted to this molecule, there are still many open questions in this field. It is widely accepted that nitric oxide (NO) is a unique molecule that, despite its extremely simple structure, has a wide range of functions in the body, including the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system (CNS), reproduction, the endocrine system, respiration, digestion, etc. Here, we systematize the properties of NO, contributing in conditions of physiological norms, as well as in various pathological processes, to the mechanisms of cytoprotection and cytodestruction.

Combined Pharmacological Modulation of Translational and Transcriptional Activity Signaling Pathways as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Children with Myocardial Changes.

Myocardial hypertrophy is the most common condition that accompanies heart development in children. Transcriptional gene expression regulating pathways play a critical role both in cardiac embryogenesis and in the pathogenesis of congenital hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, neonatal posthypoxic myocardial hypertrophy, and congenital heart diseases. This paper describes the state of cardiac gene expression and potential pharmacological modulators at different transcriptional levels.

Nicotinamide prevention in diabetes-induced alterations in the rat liver.

The study was performed to elucidate whether nicotinamide (NAm) can attenuate the diabetes-induced liver damage by correction of ammonia detoxifying function and disbalance of NAD-dependent processes in diabetic rats. After four weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, Wistar male rats were treated for two weeks with or without NAm. Urea concentration, arginase, and glutamine synthetase activities, NAD+ levels, and NAD+/NADH ratio were measured in cytosolic liver extracts.

Altered Blood Molecular Markers of Cardiovascular Function in Rats after Intrauterine Hypoxia and Drug Therapy.

Many children and adults who have suffered prenatal hypoxia at an early age develop many serious diseases. This disease is an actual problem of pediatric cardiology and little studied. The aim was to analyze the cardioprotective effect of L-arginine, Thiotriazoline, Angioline, and Mildronate on the cardiovascular system of rats after prenatal hypoxia.

Cardioprotective Activity of Pharmacological Agents Affecting NO Production and Bioavailability in the Early Postnatal Period after Intrauterine Hypoxia in Rats.

Intrauterine hypoxia in newborns leads to a multifaceted array of alterations that exert a detrimental impact on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this research was to assess the cardioprotective effects of modulators of the nitric oxide (NO) system, including L-arginine, Thiotriazoline, Angiolin, and Mildronate, during the early postnatal period following intrauterine hypoxia. Methods: The study involved 50 female white rats.

Association of Myocardial Changes and Gene Expression of the and -Calcineurin Signaling Pathway in Children with Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Background: The role of NFATC gene expression in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) progression is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to determine the significance of NFATC1 and NFATC4 gene expression for myocardial changes in children with BAV.

Methods: In 47 children with BAV, the standard Doppler echocardiographic characteristics were detected, and the expression of the NFATC1 and NFATC4 genes was studied.

MENSTRUAL DISORDER IN ADOLESCENTS DURING WAR.

Objective: The aim: To investigate the peculiarities of menstrual cycle disorders in teenagers against the background of excessive stress in order to develop a scientifically based set of measures for their correction.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 120 girls aged 9-18 who were in the war zone or became forced migrants were examined. Examination methods included anamnesis collection, assessment of psycho-emotional state, anthropometry, laboratory and instrumental studies.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE REARRANGEMENT OF THE CELLS OF THE HEMATOTESTICULAR BARRIER AND THE SPERMATOGENIC EPITHELIUM OF THE RATS TESTICLES DURING THE SUDDEN WITHDRAWAL OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER ITS LONG-TERM INTRODUCTION IN HIGH DOSES.

With long-term use of hormonal drugs, according to the principle of "negative feedback", the production of own hormones by the endocrine glands is inhibited. With sudden withdrawal, in particular, of glucocorticoids, there are processes that threaten the development of secondary adrenal insufficiency. The purpose of the study: to establish the peculiarities of the reconstruction of the cellular elements of the testicles of white rats after the withdrawal of high doses of prednisolone.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE REARRANGEMENT OF CELLS OF THE HEMATOTESTICULAR BARRIER AND SPERMATOGENIC EPITHELIUM OF THE RATS TESTICLES AFTER INTRODUCTION OF HIGH DOSES OF PREDNISOLONE.

A feature of recent decades is the gradual increase in the level of male infertility, one of the important causes of which, of course, is endocrine dysfunction of various origins. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the features of the rearrangement of the testicle's cellular elements of white rats with the introduction of high doses of prednisolone. An ultrastructural study was carried out on 42 male rats.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENDURANCE CEMENTS FOR THE FIXATION OF NON-REMOVABLE ORTHOPEDIC CONSTRUCTIONS UNDER THE ACTION OF CYCLIC COMPRESSION.

Objective: The aim: To conduct studies of the physical and mechanical properties of cements for fixation, namely the duration of cement samples under cyclic compression.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: We have conducted a study of 6 cements for permanent fixation of fixed structures of dentures. To study the duration of cements under cyclic compression, a special stand was used, which allows testing samples for cyclic compression with a load frequency of 5.

[A case report of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with lesions of the medulla oblongata].

The article presents modern diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optic spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in AQP4-IgG-seropositive patients with limited or atypical forms, brain, diencephalon and brainstem leasions, who have a high risk of future relapses. On the example of a clinical case, it has been shown that area postrema syndrome can occur as the only single manifestation in the onset of NMOSD, which complicates the diagnosis of NMOSD and delays timely treatment. In turn, the delayed pathogenetic therapy during the first attack of NMOSD may cause exacerbations and patients disability.

CYTOKINOGENESIS DISORDERS IN MECHANISMS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PERODONTITIS DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR CORRECTION BY FLAVONOL.

Objective: The aim: Evaluation of changes in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory units of the cytokine profile in the mechanisms of development of experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis and elucidation of the effect of flavonol quercetin on its parameters.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Experimental periodontitis was caused by introducing into the tissues of the periodontal complex a mixture of microorganisms diluted with egg protein. In order to enhance the immune response, a complete Freund's adjuvant was injected into the rat's paw at the same time.

Impact of the J Project on progress of primary immunodeficiency care in Ukraine.

The J Project is a Central-Eastern European collaborative program in the field of physician education and clinical research aimed at improving the clinical care and diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs). Ukraine was one of the first to participate in the project, which allowed us to join the whole European PID community. Since 2004, the country has been holding annual J Project meetings with the involvement of new regions.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF DENTAL PATHOLOGY OF THE HARD TISSUES OF THE TEETH IN CHILDREN.

Objective: The aim: A study of the impact of drinking water quality on the state of dental health in schoolchildren who permanently live in areas of biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine.

Patients And Methods: Material and methods: The composition of the drinking water of the city of Uzhhorod and the city of Rakhiv has been investigated. The prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children is determined, drinking water is taken in accordance with Uzhhorod and Rakhiv.

The and genes as potential targets for treatment of the heart functioning impairments induced by type 1 diabetes mellitus.

The present study was designed to assess whether apoptosis-related genes as and could be targets for treatment of diabetes mellitus and whether vitamin D may exert beneficial effects. Vitamin D treatment for 4 weeks, starting after 4 weeks of the diabetes duration. The expression of and genes was estimated on mRNA levels using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2: the first clinical case in Ternopil, Ukraine.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to a global pandemic among patients of all ages around the world. A new delayed inflammatory syndrome, with potentially severe evolution, has been described in the pediatric population, a population previously considered to be less vulnerable to the severe forms of COVID-19.

Case Report: We describe the first clinical case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in a 7-year-old child of the Ternopil region, Ukraine.

ESTIMATION OF RELATIVE RISK OF DEVELOPMENT AND INFORMATIVENESS OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS OF HYPERPROLIFERATIVE PROCESSES OF ENDOMETRIUM.

Objective: The aim: To conduct a comparative analysis of the results of ultrasound and hysteroscopic examinations with further histopathological findings and the clinical and anamnestic features of patients with hyperproliferative pathology in order to determine the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the development of endometrial pathological processes.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: We studied 119 medical records of patients of the Gynecological Department of Minipal Non-Commercial Enterprise "Ternopil Municipal City Hospital No. 2", who applied for medical assistance because of benign endometrial hyperplasia in the reproductive age with a verified diagnosis of "uterine polyp" during 2017-2018.