2,295 results match your criteria: "Teratology and Drug Use During Pregnancy"

Lithium Use During Pregnancy in 14 Countries.

JAMA Netw Open

December 2024

Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Importance: In pregnancy, the benefits of lithium treatment for relapse prevention in psychiatric conditions must be weighed against potential teratogenic effects. Currently, there is a paucity of information on how and when lithium is used by pregnant women.

Objective: To examine lithium use in the perinatal period.

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Background: Maternal hormonal contraception use has been associated with childhood leukemia risk. However, studies are few and often based on self-reported information.

Methods: Using registry data from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, we identified 3,183,316 children (born 1996-2018) and followed them from birth until leukemia diagnosis, censoring (death, emigration, other cancer, 20th birthday) or study closure (December 31st, 2017, 2018 or 2020).

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Risk of congenital malformations and miscarriages following maternal use of oral fluconazole during the first trimester of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eur J Epidemiol

December 2024

Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Equipe PEPITES, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Département de Santé Publique, Centre de Référence sur les Agents Tératogènes (CRAT), F75012, Paris, France.

The risks related to fluconazole use during the first trimester of pregnancy (T1) remain controversial. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to assess the association between oral fluconazole during T1 and major congenital malformations (MCM) overall and by subtype, minor malformations and miscarriages.We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.

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There is a growing interest in using artificial intelligence (AI) technology to obtain information on the risk and safety of drugs in pregnancy. Inadvertent drug exposure in pregnant women is inevitable in acute or chronic diseases, especially in unplanned pregnancies. According to the Korean mother safe counselling center database (2010-2023), many Korean pregnant women and their families asked about the teratogenicity of their exposed drugs.

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Protective role of 2-aminothiazole derivative against ethanol-induced teratogenic effects in-vivo zebrafish.

Biochem Pharmacol

December 2024

Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address:

Teratology investigates the origins of congenital disabilities, often linked to environmental factors such as ethanol (EtOH) exposure. Ethanol at 150 μM has been associated with teratogenic effects, oxidative stress, immunological responses, and endocrine disruptions. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) arises from maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, leading to developmental delays and cognitive impairment.

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Neonatal outcomes after in utero exposure to antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eur J Epidemiol

October 2024

Département de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Centre de Référence sur les Agents Tératogènes (CRAT), Paris, F75012, France.

Adverse neonatal outcomes following in utero antipsychotic exposure remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate associations between in utero first- and second-generation antipsychotic exposure and various neonatal outcomes. The primary outcome was small for gestational age.

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Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of a two-drug regimen (2DR) with dolutegravir (DTG) and lamivudine (3TC) in maintaining viral suppression during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and to evaluate its potential as an alternative to the recommended three-drug regimen (3DR) in preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV.

Methods: We present a case of a 34-year-old pregnant woman who, after discontinuing 3DR due to side effects and poor adherence, was switched to DTG/3TC at gestational week 23. Maternal viral load (VL) and infant HIV status were monitored throughout pregnancy and a ten-month breastfeeding period.

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Physiological changes in pregnancy may affect drug safety and efficacy, sometimes requiring dose adjustments. Pregnancy-adjusted doses, however, are missing for most medications. Increasingly, pharmacokinetic models can be used for antenatal dose finding.

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Through a teratological lens: A narrative review of exposure to stress and drugs of abuse during pregnancy on neurodevelopment.

Neurotoxicol Teratol

September 2024

Slippery Rock University, Department of Psychology, 1 Morrow Way, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, United States of America.

Teratological research shows that both prenatal stress and prenatal substance exposure have a significant impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. Using human research, the purpose of this narrative review is to explore the degree to which these exposures may represent complex prenatal and postnatal risks for the development of cognition and behavior in children. An understanding of the HPA axis and its function during pregnancy as well as the types and operationalization of prenatal stress provide a context for understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms by which prenatal stress affects brain and behavior development.

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Valeriana officinalis L., commonly known as "valerian", is a traditional herbal medicine distributed in the north temperate zones of America, Europe and Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, valerian and its roots were used for the treatment of restlessness of the heart and mind, palpitation and insomnia caused by internal depression of emotions and moods.

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Purpose: To present the main findings of a post-authorization safety study assessing pregnancy and infant outcomes after prenatal golimumab exposure in a real-world setting.

Methods: This observational population-based cohort study included data from pregnancies ending in 2006-2018 (Finland) or 2019 (Denmark, Sweden). Infants born to women with rheumatic diseases or ulcerative colitis diagnoses were identified.

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Congenital and Fetal Effects After Mifepristone Exposure and Continuation of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Clin Pharmacol Ther

November 2024

Hunter New England Local Health District, NSW Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.

Mifepristone is an anti-progestational drug that is the first component of the standard medical abortion regimen. For women who take mifepristone and then do not take misoprostol, which is the second component of the medical abortion regimen, it is possible that their pregnancy may continue to live birth. Since mifepristone is commonly used for medical abortion up to 9-10 weeks gestation, any adverse or teratogenic effects on the developing embryo/fetus must be considered, given exposure during the critical time of its development and organogenesis.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the occurrence, death rates, and demographic trends of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Finland from 1987 to 2018.
  • It found a total of 1634 cases of NTDs, with a slight annual increase in overall prevalence, while live births showed a decline, and terminations of pregnancy due to fetal anomalies rose.
  • Despite NTDs being largely preventable with folic acid, the overall prevalence increased during the study, highlighting ongoing health challenges related to infant morbidity and mortality in the country.
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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted in Japan to assess the safety of fluoroquinolone antibiotics during pregnancy, focusing on major congenital anomalies in babies born to mothers who used these drugs in their first trimester.
  • The study included 411 women exposed to fluoroquinolones and compared them with 1416 women using β-lactams and 1482 women using nonteratogenic medications.
  • Results showed the incidence of major congenital anomalies was similar across all groups (1.5% for fluoroquinolones, 2.0% for β-lactams, 1.6% for nonteratogenic drugs), indicating that fluoroquinolone exposure does not significantly increase the risk of congenital anomalies.
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Active inflammatory arthritis in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Treatment of active inflammation and maintenance of low disease activity with medication reduces these risks. Therapeutic decisions on disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in pregnancy are complicated by safety concerns, which have led to inappropriate withdrawal of treatment and consequential harm to mother and fetus.

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[The new version of the French teratology information service "CRAT" website].

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol

December 2024

Département de santé publique, centre de référence sur les agents tératogènes (CRAT), institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address:

The Centre de Référence sur les Agents Tératogènes (CRAT) is a unique French national reference center involved in the risk assessment of exogenous agents (mainly drugs, but also medical imaging and addictions) on pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility. To help improve patient care, CRAT makes its expertise available to healthcare professionals via its website (www.lecrat.

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Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the utility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3rd Edition (ASQ-3) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-2nd Edition (VABS-II) as neurodevelopmental screening tools for infants exposed to antiseizure medications in utero, and to examine their suitability for use in large-population signal generation initiatives.

Methods: Participants were women with epilepsy who were recruited from 21 hospitals in England and Northern Ireland during pregnancy between 2014 and 2016. Offspring were assessed at 24 months old using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-3rd Edition (BSID-III), the VABS-II, and the ASQ-3 (n = 223).

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Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) are indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and more recently for weight loss. The aim of this study was to assess the risks associated with GLP1-RA exposure during early pregnancy.

Design: This multicentre, observational prospective cohort study compared pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to GLP1-RA in early pregnancy either for diabetes or obesity treatment with those in two reference groups: (1) women with diabetes exposed to at least one non-GLP1-RA antidiabetic drug during the first trimester and (2) a reference group of overweight/obese women without diabetes, between 2009 and 2022.

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Pre-pregnancy ozone and ultrafine particulate matter exposure during second year of life associated with decreased cognitive and adaptive functioning at aged 2-5 years.

Environ Res

July 2024

Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, 128 Medical Sciences 1C, One Shields Ave, Sacramento, CA, USA; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.

Background: This study sought to investigate the association of prenatal and early life exposure to a mixture of air pollutants on cognitive and adaptive outcomes separately in children with or without autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Utilizing data from the CHARGE case-control study (birth years: 2000-2016), we predicted daily air concentrations of NO, O, and particulate matter <0.1 μm (PM), between 0.

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Objectives: Anti-tuberculosis drugs rifampicin and pyrazinamide combination in pregnancy can cause morphological, visceral and skeletal damage. Several studies showed that propolis improves pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to determine the fetal protective effect of propolis in BALB/c mice given the anti-tuberculosis drug combination rifampicin and pyrazinamide.

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The lived experience of young adults with Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder, and the perspective of their parents: A qualitative study.

Epilepsy Behav

March 2024

Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Paediatric Psychosocial Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. Electronic address:

Background: While research has investigated the physical and neurodevelopmental consequences following prenatal exposure to valproate, our understanding of individuals with a formal diagnosis of Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder (FVSD), particularly in the context of adulthood, remains limited.

Aim: To investigate how symptoms and challenges of FVSD present in adulthood.

Methods: 30 people took part in the study, including 13 young adults aged between 21 and 37 years, 15 mothers, and 2 fathers.

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Valproic acid (VPA) is a very effective anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer with relatively few side effects. Being an epigenetic modulator, it undergoes clinical trials for the treatment of advanced prostatic and breast cancer. However, in pregnancy, it seems to be the most teratogenic antiepileptic drug.

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Background: To assess the causal relationship between a medicinal product and a reported event, relevant information needs to be present. Information elements for assessing cases of exposure to medicinal products during pregnancy were predefined and used in a new tool to assess the quality of information. However, the extent in which the presence or absence of these predefined information elements is associated with the overall clinical quality of these cases, as evaluated by pharmacovigilance experts, remains uncertain.

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