COMPOSIT study: evaluating osimertinib combination with targeted therapies in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: The emergence of diverse resistance mechanisms after osimertinib therapy, including on-target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and off-target alterations, warrants investigation of novel therapeutics to overcome these challenges and improve patient outcomes.

Methods: COMPOSIT was a French, retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of the effectiveness and tolerability of osimertinib in combination with other targeted therapies in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who harbored other oncogenic drivers as primary or acquired resistance mechanisms. Real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR) were the primary endpoints.

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VII infections among men who have sex with men in France: An ongoing phenomenon.

Background: Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VII (TMVII) has recently been identified in France as the causative agent of dermatophyte infections transmitted during sexual activity among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Objectives: Our objective was to provide new insights into the epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment of TMVII infections based on cases diagnosed from October 2022 to September 2023 in three medical mycology laboratories in Paris. Additionally, we aimed to perform molecular characterization of TMVII strains collected in Paris, as well as in Switzerland.

Chromosomal abnormalities in oocyte donor candidates: a French survey of over 8,200 karyotypes.

Objective: To study karyotypes of >8,200 oocyte donor candidates in nulliparous or multiparous women compared with a reference population.

Design: A retrospective observational multicentric study.

Setting: University Hospital Centers.

Ventilation strategies in cardiogenic shock: insights from the FRENSHOCK observational registry.

Background: Despite scarce data, invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is widely suggested as first-line ventilatory support in cardiogenic shock (CS) patients. We assessed the real-life use of different ventilation strategies in CS and their influence on short and mid-term prognosis.

Methods: FRENSHOCK was a prospective registry including 772 CS patients from 49 centers in France.

Innate immune response in acute critical illness: a narrative review.

Background: Activation of innate immunity is a first line of host defense during acute critical illness (ACI) that aims to contain injury and avoid tissue damages. Aberrant activation of innate immunity may also participate in the occurrence of organ failures during critical illness. This review aims to provide a narrative overview of recent advances in the field of innate immunity in critical illness, and to consider future potential therapeutic strategies.

Safety and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitors in people with HIV infection and cancer: insights from the national prospective real-world OncoVIHAC ANRS CO24 cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been a major advance in cancer management. However, we still lack prospective real-world data regarding their usage in people with HIV infection (PWH).

Methods: The ANRS CO24 OncoVIHAC study (NCT03354936) is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study in France of PWH with cancer treated with ICI.

Health literacy of patients consulting in an expert gynecological tertiary center: A pilot study.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted patients with chronic conditions seek for medical knowledge and therapeutics on their own. So far, no data exist on the health literacy of patients with gynecological conditions and especially those suffering from endometriosis, whose symptoms' have a major impact on their daily lives.

Method: The objective was to evaluate the health literacy of patients consulting in a referral expert center for the management of endometriosis and gynecological cancers.

Treatment with bulevirtide in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis D: ANRS HD EP01 BuleDelta and compassionate cohort.

Background & Aims: In France, bulevirtide (BLV) became available in September 2019 through an early access program to treat patients with HDV. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BLV in patients with HIV and HDV coinfection.

Methods: Patients received BLV 2 mg ± pegylated interferon-α (pegIFNα) according to the physician's decision.

Risk of flare in patients with SLE in remission after hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine withdrawal.

Objective: Previous studies have provided evidence that the discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and chloroquine (CQ), in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increased risk of disease flares, with limited information on the level of disease activity at the time of HCQ/CQ discontinuation. Here we aimed to describe the risk of SLE flare after withdrawal of HCQ or CQ in patients with SLE in remission.

Methods: Case-control study (1:2) comparing the evolution of patients with SLE after HCQ/CQ withdrawal for antimalarial retinopathy (cases) with patients with SLE matched for sex, antimalarial treatment duration and age at SLE diagnosis, whose antimalarial treatment was continued throughout the entire follow-up period (controls).

Clues for improvement of research in objective structured clinical examination.

While objective clinical structured examination (OSCE) is a worldwide recognized and effective method to assess clinical skills of undergraduate medical students, the latest Ottawa conference on the assessment of competences raised vigorous debates regarding the future and innovations of OSCE. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the global research activity on OSCE over the past decades and to identify clues for its improvement. We performed a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of OSCE papers published until March 2024.

Impact of age on tumor size in vulvar cancer: A multicenter study by the Francogyn group.

Objective: Vulvar cancer is a rare pathology affecting mainly elderly women. This study aims to evaluate the impact of age on tumor size in vulvar cancer.

Material And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective observational study carried out between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2020, in patients operated on for vulvar cancer.

Efficacy and safety of targeted therapies in VEXAS syndrome: retrospective study from the FRENVEX.

Objectives: Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory and somatic (VEXAS) syndrome is an adult-onset autoinflammatory disease associated with somatic ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) mutations. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of targeted therapies.

Methods: Multicentre retrospective study including patients with genetically proven VEXAS syndrome who had received at least one targeted therapy.

Complement Terminal Pathway Activation and Intrarenal Immune Response in C3 Glomerulopathy.

Key Points: We evidenced terminal pathway activation (C5b-9 deposits) in most of the glomeruli on kidney biopsy of C3 glomerulopathy. The amount of C5b-9 deposits correlated with disease prognosis in C3 glomerulopathy. Increased terminal pathway activation was found predominantly in a subgroup exhibiting an immuno-fibroblastic signature.

Impact of hormonal contraception on endometrial histology in patients with Lynch syndrome, a retrospective pilot study.

Hormonal contraception (HC) is a well-recognized protection against endometrial cancer (EC) in the general population. It has not been established if this is also applicable to women with Lynch syndrome (LS), a condition associated with a up to 50% lifetime risk of developing EC. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the use of HC influences the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and EC in women with LS by comparing the histology of annual endometrial biopsies obtained in patients with LS who are using HC versus non-users.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy and Outcomes in Pregnant Individuals and Newborns.

Importance: With the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), concerns about their pregnancy outcomes through maternal exposure have emerged, and clinical comparative data are lacking.

Objective: To assess the risk of pregnancy-, fetal-, and/or newborn-related adverse outcomes associated with exposure to ICIs compared with exposure to other anticancer agents.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cohort study, all reports mentioning a pregnancy-related condition and an antineoplastic agent (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification group L01) used for a cancer indication registered in the World Health Organization international pharmacovigilance database VigiBase up to June 26, 2022, were extracted.

Use of a Belatacept-based Immunosuppression for Kidney Transplantation From Donors After Circulatory Death: A Paired Kidney Analysis.

Background: Efficacy and safety of belatacept have not been specifically reported for kidney transplantations from donors after circulatory death.

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter paired kidney study, we compared the outcome of kidney transplantations with a belatacept-based to a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based immunosuppression. We included all kidney transplant recipients from donors after uncontrolled or controlled circulatory death performed in our center between February 2015 and October 2020 and treated with belatacept (n = 31).