Late-Night Overeating and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Adults Aged ≥ 50: A Cohort Study.

Background: Late-night overeating (LNOE) is closely associated with many health risk factors, but whether LNOE can increase the risk of death remains unknown. Thus, the prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between LNOE and mortality using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: 11,893 participants aged 50 years and older were included in the study.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Burden, Cognitive Impairments and Incident Dementia among Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: An 8-Year Longitudinal Follow-up Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk burden (estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) algorithm) and cognitive impairments (e.g., incident dementia, global and domain-specific impairments) among CVD-, dementia- and disability-free, community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults during an 8-year follow-up.

Extracellular vesicles stimulate smooth muscle cell migration by presenting collagen VI.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) supports blood vessel architecture and functionality and undergoes active remodelling during vascular repair and atherogenesis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential for vessel repair and, via their secretome, are able to invade from the vessel media into the intima to mediate ECM remodelling. Accumulation of fibronectin (FN) is a hallmark of early vascular repair and atherosclerosis and here we show that FN stimulates VSMCs to secrete small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) by activating the β1 integrin/FAK/Src pathway as well as Arp2/3-dependent branching of the actin cytoskeleton.

Long-Term Mortality Risk in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An 11-Year Prospective Cohort Study Comparing AWGS 2014 and AWGS 2019 Guidelines for Enhanced Clinical Utility and Accurate Risk Prediction.

Objectives: To discern the diagnostic accuracy between the updated diagnostic consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019 (AWGS 2019) and the previous AWGS 2014 guidelines.

Design: A prospective population-based cohort study.

Setting And Participants: The study included 731 older community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years who participated in face-to-face interviews and were followed up for 11-year mortality until 31 Mar 2022.

The Effectiveness of Frailty Intervention for Older Patients with Frailty during Hospitalization.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a multidomain intervention program on the change in functional status of hospitalized older adults.

Design: This single-arm, prospective, non-randomized interventional study investigates the efficacy of a multidomain interventional program including cognitive stimulation activity, simple exercises, frailty education, and nutrition counseling.

Setting And Participants: At a tertiary hospital in southern Taiwan, 352 eligible patients were sequentially enrolled.

Subjective Cognitive Complaints: Comparing the Relation between Self-Reported Versus Informant-Reported Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Cognitive Performances in Cognitively Unimpaired, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Populations with Dementia.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline is proposed to be associated with future mild cognitive impairment and dementia. A better understanding of the roles of self-reported and informant-reported subjective cognitive complaints can provide a more delicate picture in dementia recognition and early diagnosis.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of self-reported and informant-reported subjective cognitive complaints and the relation of subjective cognitive complaints and neuropsychological function in cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment and populations with dementia.

Usefulness of Community Pharmacy for Early Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Older People Using the IQ-CODE Questionnaire.

Background: People with cognitive impairment (CI) need to be identified early because of the risk of progression to dementia.

Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to analyze the usefulness of the community pharmacy for early detection of CI in older people through their caregivers. As secondary objective the risk factors related to IQ-CODE classification of risk of CI were identified.

The Interplay between Systolic Blood Pressure, Sauna Bathing, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Finnish Men: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, whereas frequent sauna bathing reduces the risk. Whether frequent sauna bathing mitigates CVD mortality among adults with elevated SBP has not been previously investigated.

Design And Setting: We examined the interactions between SBP and frequency of sauna bathing (FSB) with the risk of CVD mortality in a cohort of Caucasian men.

Combining a Frailty Index Based on Laboratory Data and Pneumonia Severity Assessments to Predict In-Hospital Outcomes in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Objectives: Due to the increased morbidity, mortality, and cost of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in older people, strategies directed at improving disease evaluation and prevention are imperative. We independently compared the 30-day in-hospital mortality prediction ability of a frailty index based on laboratory data (FI-Lab) with that of the CURB-65 and the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and then proposed combining them to further improve prediction efficiency.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Association between Food Insecurity and Vision Impairment among Older Adults: A Pooled Analysis of Data from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Objectives: Food insecurity has gained attention as a potential risk factor for vision impairment. However, research on this topic is limited. This objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or older using data from six low-and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Prediction of Nursing Home Admission Using the FRAIL-NH Scale Among Older Adults in Post-Acute Care Settings.

Objectives: The FRAIL-NH scale was developed to identify frailty status in nursing home residents. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the FRAIL-NH scale for predicting nursing home admission among patients in post-acute care settings. Design/ Setting/ Participants: This single-center, prospective, observational cohort study included participants aged 65 years or older who were admitted to a community-based integrated care ward (CICW) between July 2015 and November 2020.

Trajectories of Intrinsic Capacity: Determinants and Associations with Disability.

Objectives: Intrinsic capacity (IC) declines progressively with age, thereby increasing the risk of disability. However, it is less known whether IC trajectories are associated with disability. This study aims to identify the different patterns of IC trajectories in older people, and examine their determinants and associations with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL).

Centrally Acting ACE Inhibitor Use and Physical Performance in Older Adults.

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and physical function. While some studies show improvements in muscle strength and physical function, others show no significant difference or decreased performance. This ambiguity could be due to differential effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor subtypes which can be categorized as centrally or peripherally-acting based upon their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Medical and Psychiatric Risk Factors for Dementia in Veterans with and without Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for dementia and is common, especially among Veterans. It is unknown whether TBI exposure moderates the effect of other common medical/psychiatric comorbidities that are also risk factors for dementia. If treatable or preventable risk factors have a different impact on TBI-exposed Veterans, then this may have important public health implications for dementia prevention.

Article Watch: September, 2022.

This column highlights recently published articles that are of interest to the readership of this publication. We encourage ABRF members to forward information on articles they feel are important and useful to Clive Slaughter, AU-UGA Medical Partnership, 1425 Prince Avenue, Athens GA 30606. Tel; (706) 713-2216: Fax; (706) 713-2221: Email; cslaught@uga.

Post-Disaster Mental Health and Dietary Patterns among Older Survivors of an Earthquake and Tsunami.

Objectives: Research suggests that cardiometabolic disease risks are elevated among survivors of natural disasters, possibly mediated by changes in diet. Using the Brief Dietary History Questionnaire, we examined (1) dietary patterns among older survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, and (2) the contribution of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS)/depressive symptoms, as well as relocation to temporary housing on dietary patterns and (3) gender differences in the associations.

Design, Setting And Participants: Data came from a prospective cohort study of 1,375 survivors aged 65-89 years (44.

Muscular Echo-Intensity of the Quadriceps by Ultrasound Is More Related to Improvement of Gait Independence than Muscle Thickness in Older Inpatients.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether the decrease in muscular echo-intensity of the quadriceps by ultrasound in older inpatients is related to the improvement of gait independence than the increase of muscle thickness.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting: Hospital-based study.

Article Watch: July, 2022.

This column highlights recently published articles that are of interest to the readership of this publication. We encourage ABRF members to forward information on articles they feel are important and useful to Clive Slaughter, AU-UGA Medical Partnership, 1425 Prince Avenue, Athens GA 30606. Tel; (706) 713-2216: Fax; (706) 713-2221: Email; cslaught@uga.

The Association between Air Pollutants Exposure with Pre- and Hypertension by Vitamin C Intakes in Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 2013-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination.

Objectives: Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation are the main pathways by which air pollutants cause hypertension (HTN). Vitamin C intake may reduce the risk of HTN caused by air pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the association between air pollutants and pre-HTN and HTN in Korean adults and whether these associations were modified by vitamin C intake, using data from the 2013-2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).