Investigating the under-recognition of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder among the public and mental health professionals.

Background: Childbirth posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) poses significant challenges, impacting both mothers and infants. This work investigates whether childbirth PTSD is less recognized than PTSD caused by other index events.

Methods: In two preregistered experimens we investigated the public and professional perception of PTSD resulting from childbirth compared to other traumatic events (i.

Differential Willingness to Pay for Kidney Transplantation From Living and Deceased Donors: Empirical Study Among End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) Patients.

Kidney transplantation has developed to the stage where it is currently the most cost-effective treatment for patients suffering from end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and, when available, offers them the highest quality of life. Yet, kidney transplantation is challenged by cultural and traditional beliefs; thus, this study sought to evaluate the willingness to pay for a kidney transplant in a culturally sensitive population. A self-administered survey was completed by 734 end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients.

Standing on Both Sides: Analysis of a Transplant Coordinator's Ethical Position Between the Recipient and the Donor's Family.

Background: When an organ is harvested from a deceased donor, how should transplant coordinators handle the issue of contact between the donor's family and the organ recipient?

Methods: The authors-qualified both by their own considerable practical experience and theoretical investigation-discussed various aspects of the problem, relating to the bioethical issues as well as the practical dilemmas that must be clarified and decided.

Results: They proposed a strategy whereby transplant coordinators can analyze their own philosophical attitude toward the issue and respond accordingly in their work to the needs and preferences of both parties.

Conclusions: The professionals handling the transplant process need training tailored to the bioethical issues relevant to the challenges they are likely to confront.

Sleep restriction alters physiological and emotional responses to emotion induction.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sleep restriction on self-report and autonomic responses to neutral and sad film clips. What is the main finding and its importance? Ratings of sadness and heart rate deceleration were greater while watching the sad clip, with no effect of sleep restriction, whereas heart rate variability and skin conductance were impacted by sleep restriction and, to a lesser extent, by film clips. The results suggest that autonomic function was adaptively altered by sleep restriction, in order to maintain a 'normal' response to emotional cues, despite mounting fatigue.

Subjective Overload and Psychological Distress among Dentists during COVID-19.

Psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic is not solely limited to SARS-CoV-2 infection. It may also be related to social, cultural, and environmental factors, which may act as additional stressors. The aim of the current study was to explore the association between psychological distress and subjective overload among dentists in different countries, and whether it is associated with COVID-19-related factors.

Development and Validation of a Questionnaire Evaluating the Impact of Prosthetic Dental Treatments on Patients' Oral Health Quality of Life: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Objectives: the aims of this study were the development of a novel questionnaire to assess the impact of prosthetic treatments on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the performance of a prospective pilot study.

Background: the currently preferred OHRQoL measurement tool is the oral health impact profile-49 (OHIP-49), a self-report questionnaire which mainly focuses on general effects related to oral health.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 adult participants (9 females and 15 males) were recruited and asked to complete the novel questionnaire twice: once before the prosthetic treatment began and 4-6 weeks post-treatment.

COVID-19 Factors and Psychological Factors Associated with Elevated Psychological Distress among Dentists and Dental Hygienists in Israel.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of COVID-19 factors and psychological factors with psychological distress among dental staff during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 338 Israeli dentists and dental hygienists, who provided their demographic data; answered questions about COVID-19-related factors; and were assessed by subjective overload, self-efficacy, and psychological distress scales. Data were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression.

Reduced mind wandering in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Mind Wandering (MW) refers to the process of disengaging from the immediate external environment and participating in internally driven mentation. This process has been suggested to be supported by a distributed set of brain regions, collectively referred to as the Default Mode Network (DMN). Recently, reduced recruitment and connectivity of the DMN has been described in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to healthy controls.

Absolute and relative pitch: Global versus local processing of chords.

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to identify or produce notes without any reference note. An ongoing debate exists regarding the benefits or disadvantages of AP in processing music. One of the main issues in this context is whether the categorical perception of pitch in AP possessors may interfere in processing tasks requiring relative pitch (RP).

Rodent models for mania: practical approaches.

The scarcity of good animal models for bipolar disorder (BPD) and especially for mania is repeatedly mentioned as one of the rate-limiting factors in the process of gaining a better understanding into its pathophysiology and of developing better treatments. Standard models of BPD have some value but usually represent only one facet of the disease and have partial validity. A number of new approaches for modeling BPD and specifically mania have been suggested in the last few years and can be combined to improve models.