Deontological Guilt and Moral Distress as Diametrically Opposite Phenomena: A Case Study of Three Clinicians.

Feelings of guilt are human emotions that may arise if a person committed an action that contradicts basic moral mores or failed to commit an action that is considered moral according to their ethical standards and values. Psychological scholarship distinguishes between altruistic guilt (AG) and deontological guilt (DG). AG results from having caused harm to an innocent victim, either by acting or failing to act, whereas DG is caused by violating a moral principle.

Patient mobilization in the intensive care unit: Assessing practice behavior - A multi-center point prevalence study.

Objectives: To describe intensive care unit mobility clinical practice behaviors and the factors associated with these behaviors that could explain the theory-practice gap.

Methodology: A multi-center, descriptive, retrospective, one-day point prevalence study.

Setting: intensive care patients hospitalized for a minimum of 24 hours, in 20 Israeli Adult Intensive Care Units, from six medical centers.

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA) as a screening tool for cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia.

Objectives: Cognitive dysfunction is one of the criteria for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia (FM) and is typically based on self-report questionnaires such as the Symptom Severity Scale. However, recent studies have shown that there is no correlation between these subjective measures of cognitive dysfunction and more lengthy objective measures of cognitive functioning. This points to the need for a briefer valid evaluation tool for cognitive dysfunction in FM.

The Ethical Standards of Sunni Muslim Physicians Regarding Fertility Technologies that are Religiously Forbidden.

This research project is pioneering in that it is the first to provide empirical data regarding the ethical standards of Sunni Muslim physicians toward religiously prohibited reproductive technologies, a topic which is considered taboo in Muslim society. A total of 689 Sunni Muslim physicians rated their acceptance of 14 fertility treatments. They expressed objections to assisted reproductive technologies entailing gender selection, egg, sperm and embryo donation, and surrogacy.

Science and behavioral intentions among Israeli Jewish ultra-Orthodox males: Death from COVID-19 or from the COVID-19 vaccine? A thematic study.

The COVID-19 vaccine is a scientific breakthrough to end the pandemic. We explore perceptions underlying behavioral intentions toward the COVID-19 vaccine among ultra-Orthodox Jewish males in Israel upon rollout of the vaccine. Forty-two men aged 36-56 years participated in in-depth interviews.

The Temporal Memory Sequence Test (TMST) in children: Validity test performance in clinically referred children.

Validity evaluation is fundamental in neuropsychological assessment in adults, with increasing interest among pediatric neuropsychologists. Although some measures exist, given time constraints placed on clinicians, and children's limited sustained attention, development of less time-consuming measures is beneficial. We explored the use of the Temporal Memory Sequence Test (TMST), a new performance validity test, in clinically referred children.

Improving compliance with physical distancing across religious cultures in Israel.

Background: Physical distancing contains the corona virus, but compliance with physical distancing across religious minorities in Israel has been shown to be relatively poorer than in the majority population. This study tests the power of messages as drivers of willingness to comply with physical distancing across religious minorities in Israel during the first wave of the COVID-19 from March till June 2020.

Methods: 896 Israeli Muslims, Druze, Bedouins, Jewish Orthodox, Christians, and Jewish Seculars participated in this conjoint-based experimental design.

Underground Gamete Donation in Sunni Muslim Patients.

This qualitative study focuses on the "underground" practices of Sunni Muslim physicians and patients who are performing and undergoing religiously prohibited third-party gamete donation. It is based on face-to-face interviews with two Sunni Muslim gynecologists and 25 Sunni Muslim women who underwent third-party gamete donation treatments and gave birth to a baby. The analysis of the interviews sheds light on patients' experiences regarding donation and explores the experiences of the gynecologists.

Clinician Stress and Adolescent Patient Anxiety: Understanding an Unfamiliar Case of a Dark Green-Effusion Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid.

A 17-year-old Palestinian patient has been undergoing peritoneal dialysis for the past 4 years owing to reflux nephropathy. The patient was recently diagnosed positive for coronavirus disease 2019. Seven days after the diagnosis she complained of loss of vision in the right eye.

Underground COVID-19 Home Hospitals for Haredim: Non-Compliance or a Culturally Adapted Alternative to Public Hospitalization?

This thematic study analyzed the experiences of Jewish Haredi (Lithuanian) patients in underground home hospitals during the second wave of COVID-19 in Israel. This minority comprises 12.6% of the Israeli population.

Differentiated routes to vulnerability: Marital status, children, gender and poverty.

This study compares poverty risks between two types of transition involving family status, which the life course perspective considers risky events: divorce and widowhood. The case study is Israeli society, characterized by high fertility rates and a high risk of poverty. The study examines the relationship between marriage dissolution and the risk of poverty, distinguishing between divorce and widowhood, and how they are affected by the intersection of gender and number of children in the household.

What do Sunni Muslims think about religiously forbidden reproductive options?

This study explored the attitudes of Sunni Muslims towards religiously forbidden reproductive options: gamete donation, sex selection, surrogacy, and adoption. A total of 824 married Sunni Muslim people read 12 hypothetical vignettes depicting five types of assisted reproductive technologies: (i) sperm donation; (ii) egg donation, (iii) surrogacy; (iv) sex selection of a male foetus; and (v) and sex selection of a female foetus. They also related to the option of adopting a baby.

Forbidden medically assisted sex selection in Sunni Muslims: a qualitative study.

Research Question: Son preference is a phenomenon typically prevalent in traditional societies in the Middle East and in East and South Asia. Hence, various sex-selection practices, either natural or medically assisted, have emerged. Islamic law forbids medically assisted sex selection for social reasons.

Religious observance and perceptions of end-of-life care.

This study examines the impact of the level of religious observance on the attitudes toward end-of-life (EOL) decisions and euthanasia of Jews in Israel-where euthanasia is illegal-as compared to Jews living in the USA, in the states where euthanasia is legal. A self-reporting questionnaire on religiosity and personal beliefs and attitudes regarding EOL care and euthanasia was distributed, using a convenience sample of 271 participants from Israel and the USA. Findings show that significant differences were found in attitudes between Jews of different levels of religious observance with respect to patient autonomy, right to die with dignity, and dying in familiar and supportive surroundings.

"A Bridge Over Troubled Water": Nurses' Leadership in Establishing Young Adults' Trust Upon the Transition to Adult Renal-Care - A Dual-Perspective Qualitative Study.

Purpose: Patient trust is strongly related to adherence, but has not been tested in transitional care. Low adherence post-transitions of young adults from pediatrics to adult renal care jeopardizes transplanted kidneys and quality of life. We aimed at identifying barriers to trust of young adults in nurses and trust-building elements upon and post transition.

Does the cognitive index of the symptom severity scale evaluate cognition? Data from subjective and objective cognitive measures in fibromyalgia.

Objectives: The current provisional diagnostic criteria for the fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) include a cognitive index score (SSS-Cog), which constitutes a part of the Symptom Severity Scale (SSS). The current study aimed at assessing the validity of the cognitive index score, by comparing this subjective measure of cognitive impairment with an objective measure of cognitive functioning, collected through comprehensive computerised cognitive testing and assessment.

Methods: 50 FM patients underwent a computerised cognitive assessment battery, including testing in domains of memory, executive function, attention and information processing speed (NeuroTraxCorp.

Comparative characteristic of antimicrobial resistance in geriatric hospital: a retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: To examine antimicrobial resistance of commonly isolated pathogens in elderly hospitalized patients.

Methods: Data regarding all clinically significant isolates from blood and urine cultures of patients admitted to a multilevel geriatric hospital during March 2015 to April 2016 were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines.

Action Observation of Motor Skills Followed by Immediate Sleep Enhances the Motor Rehabilitation of Older Adults With Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Motor rehabilitation following stroke is a demanding challenge in search for new strategies to improve outcome. Rehabilitation through action observation has been reported beneficial for older adults recovering from stroke. Early sleep session following motor learning enhanced the performance of the acquired motor skills.

Cognitive functioning in fibromyalgia: The central role of effort.

Objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) patients demonstrate deficits in tests of attention, executive functioning and verbal memory. We assessed the role of effort in the cognitive impairment in FM patients, alongside common symptoms of pain, fatigue and depression.

Method: 50 FM patients underwent a computerized cognitive assessment battery including memory, executive function, attention and information processing speed (NeuroTrax Corp.

Environmental context effects on episodic memory are dependent on retrieval mode and modulated by neuropsychological status.

Contextual change or constancy between occasions of memory formation and retrieval are commonly assumed to affect retrieval success, yet such effects may be inconsistent, and the processes leading to the pattern of effects are still not well understood. We conducted a systematic investigation of environmental context effects on memory, using a range of materials (common objects, pictures of familiar and unfamiliar faces, words, and sentences), and four types of retrieval (free recall, cued recall, recognition, and order memory), all assessed within participants. Additionally, we examined the influence of mnemonic challenge on context effects by examining both healthy participants and a group of patients in rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Hope, dispositional optimism and severity of depression following traumatic brain injury.

Primary Objective: To investigate the extent in which two coping variables-hope and dispositional optimism-are related to depression severity amongst individuals who have sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods And Procedures: Sixty-five participants were administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Adult Hope Scale (AHS), the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and a demographic and injury-related data questionnaire. In addition, relevant injury-related data was collected from the medical records.