Biofeedback training of nasal muscles using internal and external surface electromyography of the nose.

Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcome of biofeedback training of nasal muscles in cases of nasal valve stenosis and collapse. The present study was performed to investigate the best way of using surface electromyography (sEMG) in biofeedback training of muscles involved in nasal valve function. In the present study, we present the way of biofeedback training of these muscles introducing the intranasal placement of sEMG electrodes and a home exercise program.

Rehabilitation of the disabled mentally III in the community.

The purpose of this article is to review the latest developments in the area of rehabilitation of disabled mentally ill patients. Rehabilitation is a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary treatment. It involves a wide variety of interventions.

Muscle-building therapy in treatment of nasal valve collapse.

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcome of muscle-building therapy for nasal muscles in cases of nasal valve stenosis or collapse. The present study was performed to investigate the best way to combine transcutaneous and intranasal surface electromyography (sEMG) biofeedback training of muscles involved in nasal valve function with a home exercise program and electric stimulation of nasal muscles.

Methods: A randomized pilot study of 3 groups of patients (n1=12, n2=12, n3=10; total 34 patients) presenting with symptoms of obstructed nasal breathing was conducted.

Parental obesity and higher pre-intervention BMI reduce the likelihood of a multidisciplinary childhood obesity program to succeed--a clinical observation.

Objective: To assess the effects and identify factors associated with success of a combined, structured multidisciplinary weight management program in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Seventy-seven obese children (age 6-16 years) participated in a 12-month combined dietary-behavioral-exercise intervention. Thirty-seven (age and maturity comparable) obese children who did not participate in the structured program served as controls.

Knowing hatred.

Hatred is known to be a common phenomenon and a lot has been written about this affect. However, the author believes that the more we read and write about hate the further away we find ourselves from a real sense of understanding of this so familiar and yet so elusive experience. She feels that using a single concept to describe 'hatred' seems to be a simplification of the matter, since it consists of a chain of affects that does not lend itself to easy theoretical or experiential distinction.

Subject in first person--subject in third person: subject, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity.

In this article, the author traces the history of the concepts of subject, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity in different psychoanalytic theories in the last decades. She argues that the uniqueness of these concepts and their different implications were not emphasized enough. The author discusses the various implications and contexts of the concept of subject in psychoanalytic theory proper and to relate as to: (1).

Effectiveness of dynamic cognitive intervention in rehabilitation of clients with schizophrenia.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of dynamic cognitive treatment in rehabilitation of schizophrenic clients.

Subjects: Fifty-eight schizophrenic clients that were matched equally into two groups: a study group (n = 29) (treated by Instrumental Enrichment) and a control group (treated with traditional occupational therapy methods).

Setting: The subjects were treated in a day rehabilitation centre in the community.

Helping parents deal with children's acute disciplinary problems without escalation: the principle of nonviolent resistance.

There are two kinds of escalation between parents and children with acute discipline problems: (a) complementary escalation, in which parental giving-in leads to a progressive increase in the child's demands, and (b) reciprocal escalation, in which hostility begets hostility. Extant programs for helping parents deal with children with such problems focus mainly on one kind of escalation to the neglect of the other. The systematic use of Gandhi's principle of "nonviolent resistance" allows for a parental attitude that counters both kinds of escalation.

Presentness: an intersubjective dimension of the therapeutic act.

In this article, the author discusses a mode of the therapist's presence as an important dimension within the intersubjective framework. She seeks to introduce the term presentness to denote dimensions of the therapist's explicit usage of her implicit knowledge and the role of her unformulated experiences within the therapeutic situation. The emphasis is on the power of these shared states of mutual reverie and moments of spontaneous responsiveness on the part of the therapist.

Impact of treatment for childhood obesity on parental risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Background: Family-based approaches using the parents as agents of change to treat childhood obesity are superior to programs targeting only children in achieving weight reduction and have a lower dropout rate.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the impact of two behavioral approaches (parents only vs children only) for the treatment of childhood obesity on parental weight, eating, and activity habits as well as cardiovascular risk factors.

Design: A randomized 1-year clinical intervention study was performed.

A developmental perspective of depression--towards a novel formulation.

A novel conceptualization of depression, analyzed in a developmental frame of reference, is based on three major postulates: 1) the distinction between an anaclitic type of depression, triggered by the traumatic loss of a need-satisfying object, and depression of a reflexive (narcissistic) type, caused by the loss of a recognizing/mirroring object; 2) in principle, anaclitic object loss involves reflexive implications and vice versa; 3) very early breaks of object relationships, at the first symbiotic stage of life, are pre-narcissistic by nature. These three assumptions form the basis for a systematic juxtaposition of two developmental lines--one line from first-stage symbiosis to anaclitic object relations, and the second line--from second-stage symbiosis to reflexive object relations. Even though the two lines are closely intertwined, corresponding distinct forms of depressive reactions can be discerned in each line, according to the type of the lost object relationship.

Role of behaviour modification in the treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change.

Objective: This study examined the reduction in overweight and changes in eating-related behaviours in obese children treated with a family-based approach, in which the parents were the exclusive agents of change. Results were compared to the conventional approach in which children are responsible for their own weight loss.

Design: A one-year longitudinal prospective design was used.

Reliability and validity of the Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to develop and test an instrument that will identify the factors that facilitate childhood obesity and monitor the environmental changes and family behavior modifications associated with weight loss.

Design And Methods: The relevant factors that affect obesity and weight loss in children were divided into four scales: activity level, stimulus exposure, eating related to hunger, and eating style. We designed a questionnaire to be completed by the parents of the obese child aged 6-11 years.

Reducing totality and opening residential settings to their regions in the Israeli Kibbutz Artzi educational institutions in the 1980s and 1990s.

The origins, history and functions of Israeli Kibbutz institutions are described, with a focus on the Kibbutz Artzi, a left wing Zionist organization which set up junior and senior residential high schools. Recent developments have led to reducing the "total" nature of these institutions. Day pupils have been admitted and the boarding aspect closed, with the facilities opened up to youth groups studying in the schools.

Dynamic perspectives of paradoxical intervention.

This paper describes the use of paradoxical intervention with a patient who, despite his persistent appeals for help, remained uncooperative. It endeavors to show an understanding of the patient's destructiveness as an expression of his neediness and envy, which he expresses via his repeated use of projective identification and suggests this intervention as a way out. From a dynamic perspective the paradoxical intervention encompasses two contrasting aspects: On the one hand, it rechannels the patient's destructiveness and envy in a beneficial direction.

Working through the experience of time in time-limited therapy.

The experience of time is a component in the psychic reality that can be understood from four standpoints: the cognitive, the dynamic, the existential-affective, and the life-span linked. This article presents a time-limited therapy in which the stress was on the constant interaction between the therapeutic content, which focused on the topic of time, and the singular setting of time-limited therapy. The discussion addresses the requisite conditions for turning short-term therapy into an active container for working through the sense of time, its meanings and its derivatives.

The candidate and the patient: some transferential and counter-transferential aspects of the reality of apprenticeship.

This paper examines the impact of apprenticeship on the analytic process. It describes how the reality of the apprenticeship appears in or even intrudes into the transference-counter-transference dialogue. The clinical examples illustrate the use of candidate-analyst's reality as a defence.

Improving the professional self-efficacy cognitions of immigrant doctors with Balint groups.

Immigrant doctors have been found to exhibit professional distress, especially if they are retrained to another medical specialty. This study looks at the effects of a long-term Balint group in increasing professional self-efficacy cognitions of immigrant physicians treating drug addicts in a home-based community program in their adopted homeland. Results of the group showed positive significant changes in specific self-efficacy cognitions related to treatment of drug addicts in the community, and an increase in psychosocial self-efficacy from baseline to three other assessment points.

A comparison of two modalities of cognitive therapy (individual and marital) in treating depression.

Historically, depression was explained and treated intrapsychically and/or biochemically. In the 1970s theoretical propositions and treatment applications began to appear that offered that depression should be viewed cognitively (Beck 1963, 1974; Beck et al. 1979) or interpersonally (Coyne 1976a, 1976b; Klerman et al.

Self-evaluation of psychotherapeutic competence.

The authors investigated the process of change of self-evaluation of therapeutic competence in psychotherapists enrolled in a postgraduate training programme of psychotherapy. An analysis of the relationships between self-evaluated therapeutic skills and level or stage of formal training was performed. The results of this study suggest that a higher level of self-evaluated therapeutic skill among applicants was followed by a decline in self-evaluation as the training progressed, and a gradual increase in self-evaluation towards the end of formal training.

Treating post traumatic stress disorder couples: a psychoeducational program.

The effects of veterans' war-related emotional disorders on wives has received little attention in the literature on families and family therapy. Clinical evidence shows devastating effects of combat-related psychopathology on the marriage relationship. Post-traumatic stress disorder can result in chronic marital distress, in addition to veteran disabilities.