[Genetics of retinoblastoma].

Recent advancement of molecular genetics has enabled us to perform presymptomatic prediction for hereditary retinoblastoma, based on RB gene diagnosis. We used PCR combined with SSCP and heteroduplex analysis to screen leukocyte DNA, exon by exon, in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma. Germline mutations were detected in the 22 of the 33 cases, and, in 16 cases, the mutations were identified by sequencing.

[Measurements of ventilatory parameters during closed circuit anesthesia--comparisons with semiclosed circuit, high-flow anesthesia].

Since induction of anesthesia using a closed-circuit technique is difficult with most modern anesthesia machines, it is a common clinical practice to convert semiclosed, high-flow anesthesia (SCA) to closed circuit anesthesia (CCA) during the maintenance phase by decreasing the fresh gas flow. The purpose of the current studies was to determine if such changes in the fresh gas flow influence parameters of ventilatory dynamics. The tidal volume, airway pressure, and a ratio of expiratory volume in one second to a tidal volume (EV1.

Mutation detection and genetic counseling in retinoblastoma using heteroduplex analysis.

Gene diagnosis is essential for confident presymptomatic prediction, genetic counseling, and early management of hereditary retinoblastoma. In screening the leukocyte DNA of three patients with bilateral retinoblastoma for RB1-gene heterozygous germline mutations, we identified mutations involving exon 3 or 18 of the RB1 gene by using heteroduplex analysis and sequencing. In one case the mutation was a 2 bp GT deletion resulting in the loss of the exon 18 splicing-donor; another mutation was a G-to-T transversion at codon 580 in exon 18, which converts Arg to a stop codon.

[Clinical evaluation of a new oral penem, SY5555, in the pediatric field].

A new oral penem antibiotic, SY5555, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 35 children with various bacterial infections. SY5555 was effective in 100% of scarlet fever, pharyngotonsillitis, pneumonia, otitis media, bacterial diarrhea, urinary tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections. The etiologic bacteria were eradicated except Salmonella sp.

[Antibacterial activities of a carbapenem antibiotic, biapenem (L-627), against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae].

Antibiotic susceptibilities were evaluated for 48 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in 1992-1993 at Ichihara City of Chiba Prefecture. Twenty two (46%) of the 48 strains were benzylpenicillin (PCG) insensitive or resistant (PRSP) judged from the MICs of PCG to higher than 0.1 microgram/ml.

[Clinical evaluation of cefozopran in the pediatric field].

A new parenteral cephem, cefozopran (CZOP), was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 21 children with acute infections. A mild side effect or an abnormality in laboratory tests was observed in one case each, but the safety of CZOP was otherwise observed. CZOP was effective in all of the 18 bacterial infections tested including pneumonia, cellulitis and urinary tract infections, and all the causative organisms were eradicated.

[Clinical evaluation of a new carbapenem antibiotic, biapenem (L-627), in the pediatric field].

Biapenem (L-627) was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 27 children with various bacterial infections. L-627 was effective in cases with osteomyelitis due to Staphylococcus aureus, pneumonia and purulent meningitis due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and urinary tract infections due to Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, L-627 failed to produce good responses in 2 of 7 cases of Haemophilus influenzae infections.

Is personality involved in the expression of dysmenorrhea in patients with endometriosis?

Objective: To investigate whether a relationship exists between personality and expression of pain in women with endometriosis.

Study Design: With use of the Rosenzweig picture frustration study, the personality of women with endometriosis was assessed. These results were then correlated with the manifestation of pain.

Occurrence of sequential intraocular tumors: malignant medulloepithelioma subsequent to retinoblastoma.

A 13-year-old boy, whose bilateral retinoblastoma had been treated by enucleation (OD) and irradiation (OS), developed anterior staphyloma (OS) necessitating the second enucleation. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies revealed malignant teratoid medulloepithelioma of the ciliary body, with demonstrated multipotential histogenesis. This is the first report which demonstrates the development of a second malignant intraocular tumor in an eye previously affected by hereditary retinoblastoma.

[Clinical evaluation of a new carbapenem, meropenem, in infants and children].

A new carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem (MEPM), was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 33 infants and children. MEPM was effective in all the 32 evaluable cases including 4 cases of bacterial meningitis and 5 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The mean half life of plasma concentrations of MEPM was 0.

[Clinical assessment of patients with microscopic hematuria pointed out by mass screening examination].

We clinically examined 445 patients with positive urine occult blood test found by mass screening examination. Among them, 41 cases had the history of macroscopic hematuria. Urological abnormalities were observed in 169 (41.

[Silica calculi: a case report].

A 66-year-old female visited our university hospital with the chief complaint of right lower abdominal pain in July, 1984. Kidney-ureter-bladder roentgenograms disclosed the right ureter stone and several left renal stones. She passed the right ureter stone composed of calcium oxalate.

A study of oral adsorbent in chronic renal failure.

In order to examine the effect on the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF), we have applied an oral adsorbent (AST-120) composed of spherical porous carbon particles to patients with chronic renal failure undergoing conservative therapy. Its effect was observed in improvement of uremic symptoms, improvement of slope in linear regression of reciprocal of serum creatinine vs. time plots and delayed initiation of hemodialysis, compared to control patients, together with reduced uremic peak 2a in HPLC analysis of serum and lower levels of beta 2 microglobulin in AST-120 group than in control.