Health indicators in the management of diabetes in Primary health care: Iran-package of Essential Non-communicable diseases (IraPEN) program.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the IraPEN program, an adapted version of the WHO Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease (PEN) intervention, in managing diabetes from September 2020 to September 2021 using the Input-Process-Output-Outcome framework.

Methods: In this Cross-sectional/Ecological study, aggregated data was collected from IraPEN facilities by medical universities using the electronic health system. The data was presented as numbers and proportions, for urban and rural healthcare facilities separately.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Management of Pott's Puffy Tumor in a Pregnant Woman: A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review.

PPT is a life-threatening intracranial complication, which is essential to be considered in both children and adults presenting with sinusitis symptoms.

The Eagle Eyes: an Intervention Utilizing Visual Thinking Strategies to Enhance the Observation Skills of Medical Students.

Background: Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) is an evidence-based pedagogical approach that uses art analysis and structured inquiry to enhance observation, critical thinking, and teamwork, especially in medical training for clinical skills development. This study aimed to compare the short-term and delayed follow-up effects of integrating Visual Thinking Strategies and Visual Thinking Activity (VTA) tasks based on the PRISM Model with Observation Exercises (OE) on medical students' observation skills, including the number of observations, number of words used, and time spent describing observations.

Method: This pre- and post-test experimental study with a control group was conducted among first-year medical students at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences during the 2023-2024 academic year.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of radiation exposure in spinal surgeries: Comparing C-Arm, CT navigation, and O-Arm techniques.

Introduction: Advanced imaging techniques, such as C-arm fluoroscopy, O-arm, and CT navigation, are integral to achieving precision in orthopedic surgeries. However, these technologies also expose patients, surgeons, and operating room staff to varying levels of radiation. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the radiation exposure (RE) associated with these imaging modalities and their impact on surgical outcomes.

Deciphering brain activation during wrist movements: comparative fMRI and fNIRS analysis of active, passive, and imagery states.

Understanding the complex activation patterns of brain regions during motor tasks is crucial. Integrated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers advanced insights into how brain activity fluctuates with motor activities. This study explores neuronal activation patterns in the cerebral cortex during active, passive, and imagined wrist movements using these functional imaging techniques.

Unveiling Glutamate Dynamics: Cognitive Demands in Human Short-Term Memory Learning Across Frontal and Parieto-Occipital Cortex: A Functional MRS Study.

Background: Acquiring new knowledge necessitates alterations at the synaptic level within the brain. Glutamate, a pivotal neurotransmitter, plays a critical role in these processes, particularly in learning and memory formation. Although previous research has explored glutamate's involvement in cognitive functions, a comprehensive understanding of its real-time dynamics remains elusive during memory tasks.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Evaluate the Effects of Chitosan on Obesity Indicators.

Chitosan, a commonly used dietary supplement, is believed to have the potential to decrease body weight by binding to dietary fats and decreasing their absorption. However, due to conflicting results from various studies, this review aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan supplementation on obesity indicators in adults. To find appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs), a thorough search was conducted across electronic databases like PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science.

Relationships between Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes and Spectrum of COVID-19 Disease in Pregnant Women.

Background: Due to the high prevalence of COVID-19 and the prevention and control of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women, including vertical transmission, this study was performed to describe the fetal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancy with a spectrum of COVID-19 disease during pregnancy in Iran.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the medical records of 258 pregnant women admitted to the Forghani Hospital, Qom, Iran, from 18 February 2020, to May 10, 2021. PCR-RT or respiratory compromise in the presence of marked radiographic changes of COVID-19 in the lungs, or both COVID-19 disease confirmed COVID-19 disease.

Investigation of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in cancer patients compared to non-cancer patients: a case-control study.

Background: Latent tuberculosis (TB) can reactivate in immunocompromised individuals, such as cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, leading to severe complications. Understanding the prevalence of latent TB in this high-risk group is crucial, especially in regions with moderate to high TB burdens.

Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in cancer patients before chemotherapy and immunotherapy to guide preventive interventions and reduce the risk of TB reactivation.

mRNA cancer vaccines from bench to bedside: a new era in cancer immunotherapy.

Harnessing the power of the immune system to target cancer cells is one of the most appealing approaches for cancer therapy. Among these immunotherapies, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) cancer vaccines are worthy of consideration, as they have demonstrated promising results in clinical trials. These vaccines have proven to be safe and well-tolerated.

A Rare Case of Pigmented Eccrine Poroma on the Trunk Mimicking Malignant Melanoma.

Representative clinical images in this study can increase awareness regarding the clinical similarity between this benign adnexal tumor and malignant melanoma and highlight the importance of pathological examination.

Effects of a Low-Protein Diet on Kidney Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Context: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stands out as one of the most widespread diseases globally. Dietary interventions, such as adopting a low-protein diet (LPD), play a crucial role as a key approach in impeding the advancement of CKD.

Objective: The objective of this umbrella review was to provide understanding into the effects of an LPD on kidney function among individuals with CKD, along with evaluating the certainty of the available evidence.

Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in an Undifferentiated Uterine Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), as an oncologic emergency, may rarely occur in patients with solid organ neoplasms and without previous cancer therapy. Physicians should be highly aware of the possibility of TLS, with special attention in patients having bulky tumors, irrespective of recent treatment with cytotoxic agents for its prompt prevention and treatment.

Challenges and executive requirements of advanced health system governance based on general health policies in Iran: qualitative research.

Objective: The optimal management of the health system depends on its functions. The functional issues of Iran's health system are organized in a scattered manner and it has many challenges, especially in the field of stewardship. In order to achieve sustainable health-oriented development, bold and smart policy reforms in the main components of the health system are essential.

A policy package for socio-cultural factors of promoting healthy diet in Iran.

Objectives: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause 74% of global deaths annually, for which poor diet is the leading risk factor. Diet improvement could prevent 20% of global deaths. This paper presents a policy package for socio-cultural factors, strategies, and policies to promote a healthy diet in Iran.

Novel TECPR2 variant in two cases of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 9: insights from genetic characterization and comprehensive literature review.

Background: Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 9 (HSAN9) is a rare genetic disorder caused by genetic alterations in the TECPR2 locus and is characterized by developmental and intellectual disability, respiratory dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and sensory and autonomic dysfunction, which are shared among the HSAN family.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on samples from both probands, and the relevant genetic variants were confirmed in their families using Sanger sequencing. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on previously reported cases of HSAN9, and the clinical and genetic data were assessed to provide insight into the genetic and clinical characteristics of the disease.

The effect of lasers in occlusion of dentinal tubules and reducing dentinal hypersensitivity, a scoping review.

Background: Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a painful condition that can affect a person's quality of life. Laser therapy is a valid treatment option for this problem, which leads to immediate and long-term pain relief. This study aims to comprehensively review the effects of different laser treatments on DH.

Association of chrono-nutrition components with cardiometabolic health in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study.

Chrono-nutrition is an emerging field that examines how the frequency and timing of meals impact health. Previous research shows inconsistency in the relationship between chrono-nutritional components and cardiometabolic health. We investigated cross-sectional associations between these components and cardiometabolic health in 825 Iranian adults aged 20-59 years.

3D bioheat transfer mapping reveals nanomagnetic particles effectiveness in radiofrequency hyperthermia breast cancer treatment comparing to experimental study.

Radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia has been widely used for tumor ablation since magnetic-fluid-hyperthermia (MFH) can be utilized for increasing temperature in tumor-region as a complementary-method for hyperthermia. In this study, the effectiveness of using the magnetite-nanoparticles (FeO) in RF hyperthermia for breast cancer (BC) treatment by determining 3D-temperature-distribution using bioheat-transfer-mapping was evaluated. A breast-phantom with a tumor region was placed in an RF-device with 13.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The impact of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent effects of vitamin D supplementation on depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and anxiety symptoms in adults.