51,252 results match your criteria: "Tehran University of Medical Sciences[Affiliation]"

White matter changes in paediatric bipolar disorder: A systematic review of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging studies.

J Affect Disord

December 2024

Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Background: Paediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is characterized by severe mood fluctuations that deviate from typical childhood emotional development. Despite the efforts, the pathophysiology of this disorder is not well understood yet. In this review, we aimed to synthesize existing diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) research findings focused on PBD.

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Mustard Lung (ML) refers to respiratory complications caused by sulfur mustard (SM) exposure, a chemical warfare agent. This study explores the inflammatory profile of SM-exposed veterans with serious ML, aiming to distinguish it from other respiratory diseases. The aim is also to comprehend the role of inflammatory markers in disease severity.

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Backgrounds: Chronic respiratory complications such as asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans, and chronic bronchitis are prevalent among individuals exposed to sulfur mustard (SM). This study investigates the hormonal changes associated with SM-induced respiratory disorders.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving 276 male participants exposed to SM during the Iraq-Iran war and 64 healthy controls.

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Detection of Enterococcus faecalis and the red complex bacteria analyzed by the Checkerboard technique for DNA-DNA hybridization in endodontic infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

December 2024

Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia; Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Article Synopsis
  • Endodontic infections include issues like pulp necrosis and abscesses, where identifying harmful bacteria like Enterococcus faecalis and others is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
  • A systematic review analyzed the prevalence of these bacteria using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique across 17 studies, evaluating 620 samples, finding high prevalence rates (74% for E. faecalis, 63% for P. gingivalis, etc.).
  • The presence of these bacteria can hamper endodontic therapy effectiveness and is often linked to recurring infections, making DNA-DNA hybridization a valuable and efficient tool for tailored endodontic treatments.
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Harnessing the potential of tissue engineering to target male infertility: Insights into testicular regeneration.

Tissue Cell

December 2024

Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene Cell Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Male infertility is among one of the most challenging health concerns in the world. Traditional therapeutic interventions such as semen and testicular tissue cryopreservation aim to restore or preserve male fertility. However, these methods are subject to limitations that impact their efficacy and are infeasible in cases such as patients who cannot produce mature sperm due to genetic or pathological disorders.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted polio immunization programs worldwide. The consequences of these programs' suspension were not fully presented during the COVID-19 pandemic, as some take time to present in a population. We conducted a narrative review to provide a perspective of current literature on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on efforts made for poliomyelitis eradication.

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Objective: The main aim of this study was to explore and understand the emerging developments, changes, and patterns shaping the future of the pharmaceutical industry. The pharmaceutical industry is evolving rapidly due to scientific breakthroughs, societal changes, and technological advancements. Companies can adapt, and innovate to stay competitive and advance healthcare objectives by understanding the changes and patterns shaping the future.

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To investigate the microstructural integrity, tract volume analysis, and functional connectivity (FC) alterations of the left uncinate fasciculus (UF) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to healthy controls (HCs). Fourteen limb-onset ALS patients were recruited at baseline and ten at follow-up, along with 14 HCs. All participants underwent 3D T1-weighted, diffusion tensor imaging and kurtosis imaging (DTI/DKI), and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) using a 3 Tesla scanner with 64-channel coils.

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Background: Gallbladder malignancies, especially gallbladder cancer, are aggressive lesions with a poor prognosis, and correct differentiation from benign lesions is crucial for improved outcomes. Recently, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has demonstrated potential for this aim to evaluate suspicious lesions detected by initial imaging (e.g.

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Representative clinical images in this study can increase awareness regarding the clinical similarity between this benign adnexal tumor and malignant melanoma and highlight the importance of pathological examination.

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This case highlights the importance of considering Neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) in the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in patients presenting with neurological manifestations, abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and systemic symptoms consistent with Behçet's disease (BD).

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Background And Aim: The neurological processes responsible for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology and its clinical potentials are not fully understood. The current study aimed to examine white matter microstructural abnormalities and the reasons behind white matter impairment in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome by performing a meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched until April 2024.

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Background & Objective: The coronavirus disease brought worldwide uncertainty, and Iran was affected by it as well as many other countries in the world. Halting face-to-face education due to social distancing and resident re-employment in clinical wards leads to defective education. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of modifications made in pathology residency education in Iran.

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Primary periocular histiocytoid carcinoma is a very rare malignant tumor. Until now, less than 50 cases have been reported in the English literature. It is characterized by resistant epiphora, limitation in extraocular motility, and ptosis.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Patients with Post-neurosurgical Procedures: Meningitis vs. Non-meningitis.

Iran J Pathol

July 2024

Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship & Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background & Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is helpful in the diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system (CNS), especially after neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of CSF markers for diagnosis of post-neurosurgical meningitis (PNM).

Methods: Patients with neurosurgical procedures whose CSF was obtained for any reason (meningitis and non-meningitis) during 2020 and 2022, at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were included.

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We report a 4.5-year-old girl with recurrent episodes of bilateral lower limb weakness following periods of upper respiratory tract infection since the age of 1.5 years.

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This study investigates adverse events following vaccination in patients with four neurodegenerative diseases: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson's disease. We applied advanced data processing techniques to analyze symptom patterns and severity scores across these disease groups. Patients were identified through filtering, and symptom clusters were extracted to group similar symptoms into distinct clusters, and severity scores were computed based on hospitalization and death reports.

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Background: This meta-analysis study aims to evaluate the Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) online application for reducing glycated hemoglobin levels among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients.

Main Text: The Web of Science (WoS), Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, PROSPERO, and EMBASE databases were searched with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms without minimum time limitation until February 2024. To be eligible, all the following predefined inclusion criteria must have been met in the original randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies without language limitation including T1DM, patients, online digital interventions such as web-based, mobile health applications, or e-health, 3 or more months follow-up, and measuring HbA1c.

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Introduction: The skin is the largest organ system with many important clinical functions. Due to the increase in demand for cosmetic procedures and consequently the increase in complications from filler injections, this research aims to review the hospitalization cases involving filler complications.

Methodology: This study retrospectively and cross-sectionally reviews patient records hospitalized between the years 2016 to 2020, focusing on demographics (age, gender, residence), type of filler, type of complications, onset and duration of complications, duration of hospital stay, the person who administered the injection, and treatment outcomes.

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Recent advances in lateral flow assays for MicroRNA detection.

Clin Chim Acta

December 2024

Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have emerged as pivotal tools for the rapid and reliable detection of microRNAs (miRNAs). It is believed that these biomarkers are crucial for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases, particularly cancer. Traditional miRNA detection techniques, such as quantitative PCR, are highly sensitive but have limited efficacy due to their complexity, high cost, and technical requirements.

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Interplay of cell death pathways and immune responses in ischemic stroke: insights into novel biomarkers.

Rev Neurosci

December 2024

Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1416634793, Iran.

Stroke is a severe neurological disease and a major worldwide issue, mostly manifesting as ischemic stroke (IS). In order to create effective treatments for IS, it is imperative to fully understand the underlying pathologies, as the existing therapeutic choices are inadequate. Recent investigations have shown the complex relationships between several programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, and their correlation with immune responses during IS.

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The primary inquiry of this study was to determine if exergaming is more effective than balance training in improving dynamic postural control during jump-landing movements among athletes with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Additionally, the study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these interventions on clinical and psychological outcomes. This study was a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial in which participants were assigned to either an exergaming group or a balance training group.

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