Intraocular Pressure Changes After Rhinoplasty: A Before-and-After Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Rhinoplasty, a prevalent cosmetic surgery, often involves lateral osteotomy, which can lead to ocular complications such as edema and ecchymosis. A potential complication is increased intraocular pressure (IOP) postoperatively. This study aims to investigate the impact of lateral osteotomy during rhinoplasty on IOP in patients.

Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors With Major and Minor Electrocardiographic Abnormalities: A Report From the Cross-Sectional Phase of Tehran Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: In the current study, we aimed to identify the association between major and minor electrocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: We used the Tehran cohort study baseline data, an ongoing multidisciplinary, longitudinal study designed to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in the adult population of Tehran. The electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 7630 Iranian adults aged 35 years and above were analyzed.

Machine learning applications in placenta accreta spectrum disorders.

This review examines the emerging applications of machine learning (ML) and radiomics in the diagnosis and prediction of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders, addressing a significant challenge in obstetric care. It highlights recent advancements in ML algorithms and radiomic techniques that utilize medical imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound for effective classification and risk stratification of PAS. The review discusses the efficacy of various deep learning models, such as nnU-Net and DenseNet-PAS, which have demonstrated superior performance over traditional diagnostic methods through high AUC scores.

Dual T cell depleted haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide and anti-thymocyte globulin as a third salvage transplant for leukocyte adhesion deficiency with graft failure: a case report.

Background: With recent advances in clinical practice, including the use of reduced-toxicity conditioning regimens and innovative approaches such as ex vivo TCRαβ/CD19 depletion of haploidentical donor stem cells or post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has emerged as a curative treatment option for a growing population of patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). However, despite these promising developments, graft failure (GF) remains a significant concern associated with HSCT in these patients. Although a second HSCT is the only established salvage therapy for patients who experience GF, there are no uniform, standardized strategies for performing these second transplants.

The association of dietary inflammatory index and osteosarcopenia in Iranian adults: results of iranian multicenter osteoporosis study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and osteosarcopenia using nationally representative data.

Methods: We utilized data from 1,418 men and women aged ≥ 50 years old participating in Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS), a nation-wide, cross-sectional study conducted in 2021. Osteosarcopenia was defined based on standard criteria, considering the presence of both osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia.

The association between dietary diversity score and food insecurity and novel cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: An efficient approach to monitor the risks associated with chronic diseases is to use a dietary diversity score (DDS). To our knowledge, there has been no study conducted on the correlation between DDS and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with diabetes. Hence, the objective of this study is to ascertain the correlation between these traits.

Shared signaling pathways and comprehensive therapeutic approaches among diabetes complications.

The growing global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), along with its associated complications, continues to rise. When clinically detected most DM complications are irreversible. It is therefore crucial to detect and address these complications early and systematically in order to improve patient care and outcomes.

Circulating visfatin concentrations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The current study was designed with the aim of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the circulating levels of visfatin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: Until March 2024, we searched the Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and Scopus databases. The analysis included case-control studies assessing the association between circulating visfatin and COPD.

Applying multi-theory model to determine intentions to smoking cessation among male health worker smokers in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Introduction: Smoking causes lung cancer and a wide range of acute and chronic diseases annually throughout the world. A fourth-generation behavioral framework, namely the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of health behavior change was used to predict the initiation and maintenance of smoking cessation among health worker smokers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 170 smoking healthcare workers was conducted in Kabul.

Exosome Loaded in Microneedle Patch Ameliorates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Mouse Model.

Renal dysfunction due to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common problem after kidney transplantation. In recent years, studies on animal models have shown that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) play an important role in treating acute kidney injury (AKI) and promoting tissue repair. The microneedle patch provides a noninvasive and targeted delivery system for exosomes.

Primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle: A case report with radiologic and imaging findings.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a rare, benign joint disorder characterized by cartilaginous nodule formation within the synovial membrane. While SC typically affects larger joints such as the knee and hip, ankle involvement is exceptionally uncommon, with only a few cases documented in medical literature. We present a case of a 38-year-old male who experienced a rare presentation of recurrent ankle sprains and a palpable mass, ultimately diagnosed with SC in the ankle.

Misdiagnosis of a Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism in A Patient With Dextrocardia and a Pacemaker.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is the third most common cause of acute cardiovascular disease, which can lead to high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Anatomical and electrophysiological variations and obesity may complicate timely diagnosis and delay required management. While computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) remains the most accurate diagnostic tool, initial assessments using electrocardiography (ECG) or echocardiography can be helpful in early suspicion.

Computational structure-based design of antiviral peptides as potential protein-protein interaction inhibitors of rabies virus phosphoprotein and human LC8.

Rabies is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). Despite the successful development of vaccines and efforts made in drug discovery, rabies is incurable. Therefore, development of novel drugs is of interest to the scientific community.

Viral-based gene therapy clinical trials for immune deficiencies and blood disorders from 2013 until 2023 - an overview.

Gene therapy (GT) as a groundbreaking approach holds promise for treating many diseases including immune deficiencies and blood disorders. GT can benefit patients suffering from these diseases, especially those without matched donors or who are at risk after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Due to all the advances in the field of GT, its main challenge is still gene delivery.

Benzimidazole-phenoxy-1,2,3-triazole-benzyl Derivatives as the New Potent α-glucosidase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Biological Evaluations.

Background: α-Glucosidase inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of the latter enzyme that are available on the market created gastrointestinal side effects and achieve to a high potent and low side effect potent α-glucosidase inhibitors is a valuable target for medicinal chemists.

Objective: In this study, derivatives of benzimidazole-phenoxy-1,2,3-triazole-benzyl skeleton were introduced as new α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Treatment of Primary Hypothyroidism by Slow-Release Liothyronine Monotherapy.

Background: Combination therapy with levothyroxine (L-T4) and slow-release T3 (SRT3) in the treatment of hypothyroidism results in a normal triiodothyronine/thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio above that of L-T4 monotherapy. No clinical study has been reported with SRT3 monotherapy for hypothyroidism.

Methods: This study was conducted in two parts.

First Report of HPV Genotyping and Distribution in People Living with and Without HIV from Iran and the Middle East.

Aims: In people living with human immune deficiency (PLHIV), the rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, mixed types, and high-risk (HR) strains increase, while the virus clearance is prevented. Here, we report HPV genotyping in PLHIVs from Iran and the Middle East region for the first time.

Methods: HPV genotyping in referring individuals from different provinces to our laboratory was evaluated over 2023-2024.

Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a novel logarithmic index that combines fasting triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, is associated with the burden of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between AIP and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, severity, and prognosis in populations with and without established CAD.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from the inception of each database to August 13, 2024.

The economic burden of breast cancer in western Iran: a cross-sectional cost-of-illness study.

Background: Breast cancer is a significant global health challenge, affecting millions annually and imposing a considerable burden on healthcare systems and economies worldwide. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the economic impact of breast cancer in Lorestan Province, western Iran.

Methods: A retrospective cost-of-illness analysis utilizing a cross-sectional design was performed from November 2023 to July 2024.

In vitro evaluation of anthelmintic activity of biocompatibile carbon quantum dot nanocomposite against egg and larval stages of equine strongyles.

Background: Strongyle nematodes pose a major challenge in veterinary parasitology, causing significant economic losses in livestock due to resistance to conventional treatments. Current anthelmintics, like Ivermectin, often encounter resistance issues. This study aims to address these gaps by synthesizing Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) and Copper-Doped CQDs (Cu@CQDs) using glucose extract, and evaluating their nematicidal properties against strongyles in vitro.

Strategies to reduce costs and increase revenue in hospitals: a mixed methods investigation in Iran.

Introduction: The financial stability of hospitals directly impacts their ability to fulfill their primary mission of enhancing healthcare. This study identifies and prioritizes cost reduction and revenue enhancement strategies for Iranian hospitals.

Method: This investigation employed a mixed-methods design, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Hyaluronic acid efficacy in root coverage procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Treatment of gingival recessions through surgical approaches is a common periodontal intervention. There is a rise in using biologics in root coverage procedures. As it has been shown that hyaluronic acid (HA) promotes wound healing, this review aimed to assess its efficacy in the treatment of gingival recessions.

The clinical value of serum sirtuin-1 concentration in the diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and can affect individuals without producing any symptoms. We aimed to explore the value of serum sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1) in the diagnosis of MASLD.

Methods: This case-control study analyzed data collected from 190 individuals aged 20 to 60 years.

Long-term outcomes of corneal transplantation: a review of 8,378 patients.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of corneal transplantation procedures over a 13-year period at Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran, to identify trends and determinants influencing the frequency and success of primary and re-transplantations.

Methods: Utilizing a comprehensive dataset from the hospital's Hospital Information System, the study reviewed the records of 8,378 patients who underwent corneal transplants between 2009 and 2022. This analysis included demographic information, surgical details, and follow-up data.