Epidemiology of injuries and poisonings in emergency departments in Iran.

Objectives: There are few reports on epidemiological patterns of injury and injury-related mortality in developing countries. This study aimed to report the epidemiology of injuries and poisonings in emergency departments in Iran.

Study Design: Retrospective study using available data from 20 March 2005 to 19 March 2008.

Pattern of skull fracture in Iran: report of the Iran National Trauma Project.

Background: We characterize in this report the mechanism and type of skull fracture in urban populations of Iran.

Methods: Data including the general characteristics, mechanism of trauma, abbreviated injury scale, Glasgow coma scale, duration of hospitalization, and outcome of trauma patients registered from 1999 to 2004 were extracted from the Iranian National Trauma Registry database.

Results: Of 16,321 registered trauma patients, 1704 cases with skull fracture were found.

Treatment and prophylaxis in pediatric urinary tract infection.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in early life. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment prevent complications such as hypertension, proteinuria and end stage renal disease. A computerized search of MEDLINE, Embase and other databases was done to find the latest results about the treatment and prevention in pediatric UTI.

A prospective study of the effect of delivery type on neonatal weight gain pattern in exclusively breastfed neonates born in Shiraz, Iran.

Background: In this exploratory study, the contribution of delivery type to the weight gain pattern for full-term infants with exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of infancy was determined. In addition, breastfeeding success among cesarean section (C-section) delivery mothers based on their neonate's weight gain at the end of the first month of infancy was evaluated.

Methods: A cohort of 92 neonates born in Shiraz, from July 10 to August 10, 2007 was followed longitudinally.

The efficacy of surgical decompression before 24 hours versus 24 to 72 hours in patients with spinal cord injury from T1 to L1--with specific consideration on ethics: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is no clear evidence that early decompression following spinal cord injury (SCI) improves neurologic outcome. Such information must be obtained from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). To date no large scale RCT has been performed evaluating the timing of surgical decompression in the setting of thoracolumbar spinal cord injury.

Molecular analysis of vanHAX element in vancomycin resistant enterococci isolated from hospitalized patients in Tehran.

Background: Vancomycin (glycopeptide)-resistant enterococci (VRE or GRE) can cause serious problems for hospitalized patients due to the limited options for treatment of VRE infections. As infection with VRE increases in hospitals, further knowledge about vancomycin resistant genes is needed.

Methods: Isolates of Enterococcus spp.

A comparison of two methods for estimating odds ratios: results from the National Health Survey.

Background: The practice of dichotomizing a continuous outcome variable does not make use of within-category information. That means the loss of information. This study compared two approaches in the modelling of the association between sociodemographic and smoking with obesity in adult women in Iran.

Bilateral jugular foraminal stenosis in a patient with benign osteopetrosis associated with pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.

One of the prominent causes of pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) syndrome is increased impedance of the venous outflow tracts of the brain. Theoretically, this is a justified mechanism for raised intracranial pressure; yet, there had been few cases of such a scenario reported in the literature, and to the authors' knowledge no case of PTC due to benign osteopetrosis has been reported to date. The present case occurred in a 19-year-old woman with a constellation of signs and symptoms compatible with PTC syndrome, whose radiological and laboratory studies confirmed the diagnosis of osteopetrosis.

Diagnostic utility of autopsy in a university hospital in Iran.

Objective: The objective of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the autopsy in University hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Methods: In this retrospective descriptive-analytic survey during a six years period from 1998 to 2003, autopsies in the Bahrami Children Hospital, a teriary care hospital in Tehran, were studied. The clinical and autopsy diagnoses were compared and categorized as follows: 1.

Telomerase activity and telomere length in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: indicative of proliferative activity, disease progression, and overall survival.

Background: The progressive shortening of telomeres and the activation of telomerase have been considered to be one of the key mechanisms in cellular immortalization and tumor progression.

Patients And Methods: About 300 sequential samples were collected from 40 patients during the course of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) disease. Telomerase activity (TA) and terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length were assessed by TRAP and Southern blot analyses, respectively.

The positive association between number of children and obesity in Iranian women and men: results from the National Health Survey.

Background: To date, few studies have assessed the association between the number of children and obesity in couples. We aimed to investigate this association in men and women aged 20-75 years.

Methods: Data from the National Health Survey were considered in this investigation.

Vitamin E administration at the onset of fever prevents renal scarring in acute pyelonephritis.

We evaluated the protective effects of antioxidant at the onset of fever on renal damage in a rat model of acute pyelonephritis. Twenty rats were allocated to four groups. In groups 1 to 3, the animals were given direct inoculation of Escherichia coli into the right kidney, and group four served as control.

Sociodemographic and smoking associated with obesity in adult women in Iran: results from the National Health Survey.

Background: There is no study that had a sample size sufficient to study the association between sociodemographic and smoking with obesity in Iran. The goal was to investigate these associations in the Iranian women.

Methods: Multivariate statistical techniques included 14 176 women between 20 and 69 years of age.

Monitoring of cytomegalovirus reactivation in bone marrow transplant recipients by real-time PCR.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been recognized as the most important viral pathogen in persons undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The aim was to develop a quantitative PCR assay to quantify CMV DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients. An in-house real-time PCR assay based on TaqMan technology was developed to monitor the quantity of CMV DNA in PBLs of the BMT recipients.

Prevalence of coronary artery disease risk factors in Iran: a population based survey.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability with high health care cost in Iran. It accounts for nearly 50 percent of all deaths per year. Yet little is known about CAD and CAD risk factors in the Iranian population.

Real-time PCR analysis of PML-RAR alpha in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia patients treated with arsenic trioxide as a front-line therapy.

Background: Recently, patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) have experienced significant clinical gains after treatment with arsenic trioxide. However, the use of this agent as a front-line therapy for newly diagnosed patients is unclear.

Patients And Methods: Of 95 newly diagnosed APL patients, 85 patients who achieved complete remission (CR) were sequentially evaluated during a 4-60 month period by conventional RT-PCR.

Schizophrenia: etiology and pharmacotherapy.

Schizophrenia is one of the major psychiatric disorders. Psychosis, in its narrow definition, is restricted to delusions or hallucinations in the absence of insight into their pathological nature. Impairment in psychosocial function is an essential feature of schizophrenia.

Evaluation of i.v. verapamil effects on cardiovascular responses in normotensive patients during laryngoscopy.

Laryngoscopy and intubation are known to increase systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR). In this study, we demonstrated that the injection of intravenous verapamil (0.1 mg/kg) prior to laryngoscopy can blunt the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation and result in stable hemodynamic profile in normotensive patients.