Diagnosis of lung cancer using salivary miRNAs expression and clinical characteristics.

Objective: Lung cancer (LC), the primary cause for cancer-related death globally is a diverse illness with various characteristics. Saliva is a readily available biofluid and a rich source of miRNA. It can be collected non-invasively as well as transported and stored easily.

Identification of novel cytoskeleton protein involved in spermatogenic cells and sertoli cells of non-obstructive azoospermia based on microarray and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: During mammalian spermatogenesis, the cytoskeleton system plays a significant role in morphological changes. Male infertility such as non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) might be explained by studies of the cytoskeletal system during spermatogenesis.

Methods: The cytoskeleton, scaffold, and actin-binding genes were analyzed by microarray and bioinformatics (771 spermatogenic cellsgenes and 774 Sertoli cell genes).

Prioritizing implementation solutions for the urban family physician policy in Iran: a multi-criteria decision-making study.

Background: Family physician program is one of the effective reforms of the health system in Iran, but despite the implementation of this program in rural areas and the passage of ten years since its implementation in two provinces of Fars and Mazandaran, its implementation has faced problems. The aim of this study is to identify and prioritize implementation solutions related to the challenges of the family physician program in Iran.

Methods: This is a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 22 snowball-sampled experts and managers of basic health insurers to extract problems and executive solutions through coding and data analysis using Atlas Ti software and content analysis in the first stage.

Evaluation of nutritional, anthropometric, and psychological outcomes in different metabolic and bariatric surgery techniques: a follow up study.

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a suitable solution for the treatment of morbid obesity. Investigating an MBS method that has the best outcomes has always been the main concern of physicians. The current study aimed to compare nutritional, anthropometric, and psychological complications of individuals undergoing various MBS Techniques.

The relationship between intrinsic capacity and functional ability in older adults.

Introduction: Intrinsic Capacity in integrated geriatric care emphasizes the importance of a thorough functional assessment. Monitoring the intrinsic capacity of older individuals provides standardized and reliable information to prevent early disability. This study assessed the relationship between intrinsic capacity and functional ability in older adults.

Optimizing polycrystalline diamond compact bit selection and drilling parameters for deviated wells in the Majnoon Field, Iraq.

Several mechanisms were postulated to reduce drilling problems, improve hole cleaning characteristics, and keep the bit in good condition for the second usage. This study was conducted on Majnoon Field in southeastern Iraq to optimize the bit and drilling parameters. The results indicated that the 16" SFD75D bit proved the preferred bit for both vertical and deviated wells due to its directional capabilities.

Magnetic nanoparticles of Nd2Fe14B prepared by ethanol-assisted wet ball milling technique.

The magnetic material Nd2Fe14B is one of the strongest magnetic materials found in nature. The demand for the production of these nanoparticles is significantly high due to their exceptional properties. The aim of the present study is to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles of Nd2Fe14B using ethanol in the wet ball milling technique (WBMT).

Condyle Preservation in Patients With Mandibular Resection Is Associated With Enhanced Quality of Life and Function.

Background: Operative treatment of advanced mandibular tumors may require excision of a portion of the mandible including the condyle. It is not clear how condylar excision affects postoperative quality of life (QoL).

Purpose: The study purpose was to measure the association between operative management of the condyle and postoperative health-related QoL and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function.

Advances in IgY antibody dosage form design and delivery strategies: Current status and future perspective.

Immunoglobulin Y (IgY), a unique type of antibody found in birds, is attracting increasing attention for a broad range of biomedical applications. Rational IgY protection, dosage form design, and delivery are highly essential to transform functional IgY antibodies into desired IgY products for therapeutic and prophylactic administration. Although progress has been made in this field, it remains in the early stages, highlighting the fundamental research and development needed in this aspect of IgY technology.

Colistin antibacterial activity, clinical effectiveness, and mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired resistance.

Following a period of disuse owing to the emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, colistin has regained global attention as an antibiotic of last resort. The resurgence in its utilization has led to a concurrent increase in acquired resistance, presenting a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Predominantly, resistance mechanisms involve alterations in the lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure.

Assessing the predictive value of elevated triglycerides, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and TG/HDL ratios for cardiovascular disease and mortality during 20 years of follow-up: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, influenced by a complex interplay of risk factors including lipid disorders and insulin resistance (IR). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio have emerged as potential indicators for assessing cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of hypertriglyceridemia, the TyG index, and the TG/HDL ratio for mortality and CVD occurrence within an Iranian population.

Isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism identification based on international classification of diseases (ICD)-10 codes and imaging reports.

Background: Isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism (issPE) is a commonly encountered diagnosis. Although the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes are used for research, their validity for identifying issPE is unknown. Moreover, issPE diagnosis is challenging, and the findings from radiology reports may conflict with those from expert radiologists.

A new vaccination approach for Salmonellosis employing a multi-epitope vaccine based on live microbial cell factory from Lactococcus lactis.

A major health and financial burden in the chicken sector is salmonella infection. It is difficult to create an oral vaccination that can provide strong intestinal mucosal immunity in birds, particularly cross-protection against several Salmonella serotypes. As a result, the poultry industry needs a powerful oral vaccination platform that uses live bacterial vectors to prevent various Salmonella serotypes.

Targeted delivery of curcumin and CM11 peptide against hepatocellular carcinoma cells based on binding affinity of PreS1-coated chitosan nanoparticles to SB3 protein.

In recent years, the use of cationic peptides as alternative drugs with anticancer activity has received attention. In this study, the targeted release of curcumin (Cur) and CM11 peptide alone and together against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated using chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) coated with Pres1 that target the SB3 antigen of HCC cells (PreS1-Cur-CM11-CS NPs). SB3 protein is the specific antigen of HCC and the PreS1 peptide is a part of the hepatitis B antigen, which can specifically bind to the SB3 protein.

Machine learning-assisted cancer diagnosis in patients with paraneoplastic autoantibodies.

Purpose: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are a group of rare disorders triggered by an immune response to malignancy, characterized by diverse neurological, muscular, and systemic symptoms. This study aims to leverage machine learning to develop a predictive model for cancer diagnosis in patients with paraneoplastic autoantibodies.

Methods: Demographic data included age and sex, and presenting symptoms were recorded.

Exosome: an overview on enhanced biogenesis by small molecules.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that received attention for their potential use in the treatment of various injuries. They communicate intercellularly by transferring genetic and bioactive molecules from parent cells. Although exosomes hold immense promise for treating neurodegenerative and oncological diseases, their actual clinical use is very limited because of their biogenesis and secretion.

Spatial Characterization of Woody Species Diversity in Tropical Savannas Using GEDI and Optical Data.

Developing the capacity to monitor species diversity worldwide is of great importance in halting biodiversity loss. To this end, remote sensing plays a unique role. In this study, we evaluate the potential of Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data, combined with conventional satellite optical imagery and climate reanalysis data, to predict in situ alpha diversity (Species richness, Simpson index, and Shannon index) among tree species.

Imaging in Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review.

Various imaging methods assist in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). These include radiological techniques such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US); as well as advanced nuclear medicine techniques including bone scintigraphy (BS), anti-granulocyte antibody imaging (AGS), leukocyte scintigraphy (LS), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET and FDG-PET/CT). Each imaging technique and radiopharmaceutical has been extensively studied, with unique diagnostic accuracy, limitations, and benefits for PJI diagnosis.

From Cure to Crisis: Understanding the Evolution of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Human Microbiota.

The growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within the human microbiome has become a pressing global health crisis. While antibiotics have revolutionized medicine by significantly reducing mortality and enabling advanced medical interventions, their misuse and overuse have led to the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. Key resistance mechanisms include genetic mutations, horizontal gene transfer, and biofilm formation, with the human microbiota acting as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Molecular Genetic Assessment Aids in Clarifying Phylogenetic Status of Iranian Kerman Wild Sheep.

Two species of wild sheep inhabit Iran: Asiatic mouflon () and urial (). Phylogenetic relationships between populations distributed in this country are complex and still remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify, by genetic assessment, the phylogenetic status of Kerman wild sheep, considered to be a hybrid of the two species.

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy Utilizing 808 nm and 660 nm Alone and in Combination for Treatment of Paresthesia in Rats.

: This study assessed the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) by 808 nm and 660 nm alone and in combination for the treatment of paresthesia in rats. : This animal study was conducted on 36 adult male Wistar rats. After general anesthesia, the facial nerve of the right side of the face of rats was surgically exposed and pinched, returned in place, and sutured.

Seasonal Dynamics of the Bacterial Community in Lake Urmia, a Hypersaline Ecosystem.

Lake Urmia is one of the world's most unique and hypersaline aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity, abundance and frequency of these microorganisms in water samples from the eastern regions of the lake over four seasons. Amplicon sequencing for the 16S rRNA gene was performed to examine bacterial communities in the samples.

Formulation and Characterization of Sodium Caseinate/Phloretin Complexes as Antioxidant Stabilizers in Oil-in-Water Emulsions.

Emulsifiers with antioxidant properties, such as protein/polyphenol complexes, adsorb at the oil-water interface and improve the physical and oxidative stability of emulsions. Here, 2% (/) sodium caseinate and varying concentrations of phloretin (0-10 mM) were used to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. Control emulsions with protein alone showed poor stability with increased droplet sizes from 0.