Alkali and sulfate effects on mechanical properties and microscopic mechanisms of slag and fly ash geopolymers.

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to realize low-cost, high-performance and large-scale utilization of cementitious materials prepared from bulk solid wastes, this paper constructs a set of composite cementitious system based on alkaline activation of slag and fly ash (FA) by calcium carbide slag (CCS) and synergistic activation of sodium sulfate (NaSO) as a chemical dopant. The influence of factors such as solid waste type, mixing ratio, and NaSO content on the mechanical properties of composite cementitious systems was investigated by assessing compressive strength and analyzing microstructure using XRD, SEM-EDS, and FTIR. The test results indicate that CCS and NaSO exert significant influences on the strength of the composite cementitious system.

Signature cytokine-associated transcriptome analysis of effector γδ T cells identifies subset-specific regulators of peripheral activation.

γδ T cells producing either interleukin-17A (γδ cells) or interferon-γ (γδ cells) are generated in the mouse thymus, but the molecular regulators of their peripheral functions are not fully characterized. Here we established an Il17a-GFP:Ifng-YFP double-reporter mouse strain to analyze at unprecedented depth the transcriptomes of pure γδ cell versus γδ cell populations from peripheral lymph nodes. Within a very high fraction of differentially expressed genes, we identify a panel of 20 new signature genes in steady-state γδ cells versus γδ cells, which we further validate in models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cerebral malaria, respectively.

The comparison of pathogenic role and mechanism of Kallistatin and PEDF in tumors.

Tumors are diseases caused by abnormal cell division and growth, which can be life-threatening if not treated properly. Serpin inhibitors play a crucial role in regulating pathophysiological process and are promising drug targets. Kallistatin (SERPINA4) and Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF, SERPINF1) are two serpins that lack protease inhibitory activity but are abundant in blood.

Transcriptome analysis reveals molecular mechanism of Dosinia corrugata in response to acute heat stress.

This study seeks to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism within Dosinia corrugata in response to extreme high-temperature conditions, aiming to enhance the sustainable development of the D. corrugata aquaculture industry. To identify heat-responsive genes and elucidate adaptive mechanisms, we conducted transcriptional profiling of D.

Value of Spleen Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Parameters in Predicting Hepatic Vein Pressure Gradient for Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.

Goals: To explore dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) parameters in predicting hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG) for patients with liver cirrhosis (LC).

Background: Noninvasive diagnosis of HVPG remains a challenge.

Study: This prospective study included patients with LC undergoing hepatic vein catheterization and pressure measurement at the hospital from May 2021 to January 2023.

Citrus transcription factor CsERF1 is involved in the response to citrus tristeza disease.

Introduction: Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a threat to the citrus production and causes severe economic losses to the citrus industry. Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in plant growth and stress responses. Although ERF genes have been widely studied in model plants, little is known about their role in biological stress responses in fruit trees, such as citrus.

Sodium valproate enhances efficacy of NKG2D CAR-T cells against glioblastoma.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have shown promise in glioblastoma clinical studies, but responses remain inconsistent due to heterogeneous tumor antigen expression and immune evasion post-treatment. NKG2D CAR-T cells have demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patients with hematologic tumors, and showed robust antitumor efficacy in various xenograft models, including glioblastoma. However, malignant glioma cells evade immunological surveillance by reducing NKG2D ligands expression or cleavage.

A methodological approach to assess the ropy character of stirred acid dairy gels based on the measure of adhesiveness.

This work aims to evaluate the potential and limits of adhesiveness measurement using a texturometer to assess the ropiness of acid dairy gels for starter selection. Commercial yogurts of various formulations and textures were used to assess the ability of adhesiveness to detect ropiness and to compare performance of different probes. Chemically acidified gels using different concentrations of glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) were tested to determine the effect of pH on adhesiveness.

The brain-gut microbiota network (BGMN) is correlated with symptom severity and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia.

The association between the human brain and gut microbiota, known as the "brain-gut-microbiota axis", is involved in the neuropathological mechanisms of schizophrenia (SZ); however, its association patterns and correlations with symptom severity and neurocognition are still largely unknown. In this study, 43 SZ patients and 55 normal controls (NCs) were included, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and gut microbiota data were acquired for each participant. First, the brain features of brain images and functional brain networks were computed from rs-fMRI data; the gut features of gut microbiota abundance and the gut microbiota network were computed from gut microbiota data.

Growth of the prefrontal cortical glioblastoma altered cognitive and emotional behaviors via mediating miRNAs and GABA-A receptor signaling pathways in rats.

The present study investigated the impact of GABAergic signaling and miRNA expression on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) growth within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and its associated cognitive and emotional impairments. The implantation of C6 cells into the mPFC induced GBM in this brain region (referred to as the mPFC-GBM) in male Wistar rats via stereotaxic surgery, as confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Repeated microinjections of muscimol, a potent GABA receptor agonist, directly into the mPFC-GBM (1 µg/rat/2.

Highly sensitive fluorescent aptasensor based on magnetic metal-organic framework for aflatoxin B1 detection.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has strong carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity even at low concentrations, presenting a major risk to food safety and human health, hence, it is crucial to develop a sensitive detection technique for AFB1. Consequently, cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots conjugated with AFB1 aptamers serve as fluorescent signal probes, whereas FeO@UiO-66-NH nanocomplexes are employed as magnetic carriers and fluorescence quenchers. FeO@UiO-66-NH reduces background signal interference, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) efficiency.

Cell therapy: A beacon of hope in the battle against pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by abnormal activation of myofibroblasts and pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Lung transplantation is currently the only approach that can extend the life expectancy of patients; however, its applicability is severely restricted due to donor shortages and patient-specific limitations. Therefore, the search for novel therapeutic strategies is imperative.

Glycan-Matchmade Multivalent Decoration of Enzyme Labels for Amplified Electrochemical Detection of Glycoproteins.

Glycoproteins are of significant value to liquid biopsy of human diseases. Herein, we present a universal electrochemical platform for the amplified detection of glycoproteins, taking advantage of the glycan-matchmade multivalent decoration of enzyme labels for the enzymatic signal amplification. Briefly, the glycan-matchmade multivalent decoration involves two steps, i.

Improving panicle blast resistance and fragrance in a high-quality rice variety through breeding.

Introduction: Huruan1212 (HR1212) is well-regarded for its superior eating and cooking quality in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Still, its high susceptibility to rice panicle blast and lack of fragrance have limited its further spread and utilization. and are two dominant genes known for their stable broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast fungus , while is the crucial gene that regulates rice aroma.

Aptamer-Conjugated Exosomes Ameliorate Diabetes-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Enhancing SIRT1/FoxO1/3a-Mediated Mitochondrial Function.

Background: Muscle atrophy is associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, which reduces the quality of life and lacks effective treatment strategies. Previously, it was determined that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (hucMSC)-derived exosomes (EXOs) ameliorate diabetes-induced muscle atrophy. However, the systemic application of EXOs is less selective for diseased tissues, which reduces their efficacy and safety associated with their nonspecific biological distribution in vivo.

Photo-enhanced UiO-66/Au Nanoparticles with High Phosphatase-Like Activity for Rapid Degradation and Detection of Paraoxon.

The severe environmental and human health hazards posed by organophosphorus compounds underscore the pressing need for advancements in their degradation and detection. However, practical implementation is impeded by prolonged degradation durations and limited efficiency. Herein, an effective interfacial modification approach is proposed involving the integration of photoactive Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto metal-organic frameworks, resulting in the synthesis of UiO-66/Au NPs exhibiting enhanced hydrolysis activity under light excitation.

Aromatic ring compounds with different conjugation degrees in a boronic acid matrix to realize multicolor phosphorescence for time division colorful multiplexing.

Long lifetime multicolor phosphorescence materials possess excellent optical properties and have important application prospects in the fields of advanced anti-counterfeiting and information encryption. However, realizing long lifetime and color-tunable room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dot (CD) materials has proved challenging. In this study, the organic precursor molecules 2-phenethylamine (2-Ph), 9-aminophenanthrene (9-Ph) and 1-aminopyrene (1-Py) with different degrees of conjugation were selected to synthesize RTP CD composites: 2-Ph@BA, 9-Ph@BA and 1-Py@BA were synthesized by mixing with a boric acid (BA) matrix under high temperature pyrolysis.

Enhanced Sodium Storage and Thermal Safety of NaNiFeMnO Cathode via Incorporation of TiN and WO.

This study proposes an efficient, cost-effective, and industrially scalable electrode modulation strategy, which involves directly adding a small amount of high thermal and high conductance TiN and well interface compatible WO to NaNiFeMnO (NaNFMO-TW) cathode slurry, to effectively reduce electrode polarization and interface side reactions, reduce the Ohmic heat and polarization heat of the battery, and ultimately to significantly improve the sodium-ion storage and thermal safety performance of the battery. At room temperature (RT) and 1C rate, the modified NaNFMO-TW electrode exhibits a reversible capacity of ∼95 mAh g after 300 cycles, with a capacity retention rate of 82.6%, being higher than the 50.

Differential responses of root and leaf-associated microbiota to continuous monocultures.

Continuous monocultures alter the composition and function of root-associated microbiota, and thus compromise crop health and productivity. In comparison, little is known about how leaf-associated microbiota respond to continuous monocultures. Here, we profiled root and leaf-associated microbiota of peanut plants under monocropping and rotation conditions.

Analysis of the effect of platelet function and different doses of ticagrelor after flow diverter treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Ticagrelor has become the standard drug for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) with flow diverters (FDs), but the dosage has not been standardized. The effect of platelet function on clinical and imaging prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to show the effects of different doses of ticagrelor and platelet aggregation function on the clinical and imaging prognosis after FDs treatment of aneurysms.

High-density lipoprotein nanoparticles spontaneously target to damaged renal tubules and alleviate renal fibrosis by remodeling the fibrotic niches.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) ultimately causes renal fibrosis and end-stage renal disease, thus seriously threatens human health. However, current medications for CKD and fibrosis are inefficient, which is often due to poor targeting capability to renal tubule. In this study, we discover that biomimetic high-density lipoprotein (bHDL) lipid nanoparticles possess excellent targeting ability to injured tubular epithelial cells by kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) mediated internalization.

Investigating the influence of the molecular structure and physiochemical properties of starches from glutinous and japonica sorghum on light-flavor liquor fermentation.

Glutinous and japonica sorghum can be applied to different production processes by their amylopectin content and starch structure. However, the differences in the fine structure and physiochemistry properties of their starches, as well as their fermentation properties remain unclear. Compared with japonica sorghum, glutinous sorghum has a higher amylopectin content, short amylose chain content, relative crystallinity, and ∆H, but lower setback (SB), and starch granule size.

Isolation and identification of pigeon adenovirus 1 and analysis of its pathogenicity in pigeons and chickens.

Pigeon adenovirus type 1 predominantly infects pigeons under 12 months of age (mainly 3-5 months old), causing major clinical symptoms such as vomiting, dehydration, and discharge of thin yellow feces. In February 2023, an outbreak of a pathogen with symptoms similar to pigeon adenovirus infections occurred on a pigeon farm in Shandong Province, which was eventually identified as pigeon adenovirus type 1. In this study, a strain of PiAdV-1 was isolated from naturally infected pigeons and named pigeon-adenovirus-1-isolate-CH-SD-2023, and the hexon gene sequence as amplified and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

IL-21 signaling promotes IgM B cell proliferation and antibody production via JAK/STAT3 and AKT pathways in early vertebrates.

IL-21 is a type I cytokine that is produced by activated CD4 T cells and has a significant impact on the growth, survival, and functional activation of B lymphocytes. While IL-21 has been identified in several teleost fish species, its function and associated mechanisms focus on teleost fish B cells remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of IL-21 (OnIL-21) on IgM B cells from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), as well as the intracellular signaling transduction pathway involved.

Background-free luminescent and chromatic assay for strong visual detection of creatinine.

Creatinine is an essential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of renal insufficiency. Although fluorescent methods are powerful tools for creatinine detection, almost all reported fluorescent probes rely on short-wavelength excitation and a single fluorescent signal, making them susceptible to environmental and operational conditions. In this study, a near-infrared excited, highly sensitive, and multi-output signal sensing system was established using upconversion nanoparticles and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (DNBA) for synergistic luminescent and colorimetric assay for strong visual detection of creatinine.