Drug Development.

Background: Memory is influenced by epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs), and histone deacetylases (HDACs), are two competitive enzymes regulating histone acetylation. Histone acetylation is reduced in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, and evidence has shown a synergistic regulation of HDACs and HATs activities.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is accountable for the leading case of dementia in elder people. Before, only symptomatic treatments are available for AD. Since 2021, two anti-amyloid antibodies aducanumab and lecanemab have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

Photocurrent Generation by Plant Light-Harvesting Complexes is Enhanced by Lipid-Linked Chromophores in a Self-Assembled Lipid Membrane.

The light-harvesting pigment-protein complex II (LHCII) from plants can be used as a component for biohybrid photovoltaic devices, acting as a photosensitizer to increase the photocurrent generated when devices are illuminated with sunlight. LHCII is effective at photon absorption in the red and blue regions of the visible spectrum, however, it has low absorption in the green region (550-650 nm). Previous studies have shown that synthetic chromophores can be used to fill this spectral gap and transfer additional energy to LHCII, but it was uncertain whether this would translate into an improved performance for photovoltaics.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a significant contributor to hemorrhagic stroke, notably lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), both of which have been observed in patients with MCI/AD. To evaluate all-cause mortality among veterans with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD) with/without Intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage (ICH/SAH) in the United States (US) Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS).

Method: Veterans with MCI or AD were identified based on having clinical notes or diagnostic codes in the VAHS database (2010-2019).

Enhanced Near-Infrared Fluorescence Emission near a Graphene-Metal Hybrid Structure.

Plasmon resonance plays an important role in improving the detection of biomolecules, and it is one of the focuses of research to use metal plasmon resonance to achieve fluorescence enhancement and to improve detection sensitivity. However, the problems of nondynamic tuning and fluorescence quenching of metal plasmon resonance need to be solved. Graphene surface plasmon resonance can be dynamically controlled, and the graphene adsorption of fluorescent molecules can avoid fluorescence quenching and greatly improve the fluorescence emission intensity.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a significant contributor to hemorrhagic stroke, notably lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study describes the natural occurrence of ICH and SAH events among veterans, including those with AD, within the United States Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS).

Method: The VAHS database was evaluated to identify ICD-10 codes for ICH (I61.

Pseudo-Phosphorylated Tau Forms Paired Helical Filaments in the Presence of High-Curvature Cholesterol-Containing Lipid Membranes.

The tau protein misfolds in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). These pathological tau aggregates are associated with neuronal membranes, but molecular structural information about how disease-like tau fibrils interact with the lipid membrane is scarce. Here, we use solid-state NMR to investigate the structure of a tau construct bearing four AD-relevant phospho-mimetic mutations (4E tau) with cholesterol-containing high-curvature lipid membranes, which mimic the membrane of synaptic vesicles in neurons.

Dementia Care Practice.

Objective: Few studies have investigated trajectories in care among patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), especially Veterans who experience a unique set of AD risk factors and challenges in access to AD immunotherapy in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS) of the United States.

Methods: We analyzed trajectories in care based on electronic health records (EHR) among Veterans who were assessed for AD based on ICD-10 coding within the VAHS between Oct 2015 and Jan 2024. Among Veterans with an ICD-10 code for AD in the VAHS, we examined frequency distributions of clinical visits by physician specialty (primary care, neurologist, geriatrician, psychiatrist, and other specialties) where the initial AD ICD-10 coding was recorded.

Exploration of the Mechanism of Tanre Qing Injection in Treating Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Animal Experiments.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the active components and potential mechanism of Tanre Qing Injection (TRQI) in the treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments.

Methods: The targets of active ingredients were identified using the TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The targets associated with ARDS were obtained from the GeneCards database, Mala card database, and Open Targets Platform.

Paederia Foetida Linn (Rubiaceae): Chemical Diversity, Phytopharmacological Potential, Quantitative Analysis and Clinical Approaches.

The discovery of novel counteractive pharmaceuticals, which have recently generated much interest, has played a significant role in the development of drugs derived from herbal medicines or botanical sources. Paederia foetida (P. foetida) is one such example of a role in both traditional and traditional medicine.

Light-activated nanocomposite thin sheet for high throughput contactless biomolecular delivery into hard-to-transfect cells.

High throughput intracellular delivery of biological macromolecules is crucial for cell engineering, gene expression, therapeutics, diagnostics, and clinical studies; however, most existing techniques are either contact-based or have throughput limitations. Herein, we report a light-activated, contactless, high throughput photoporation method for highly efficient and viable cell transfection of more than a million cells within a minute. We fabricated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoflakes that was mixed with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposite thin sheet with an area of 3 cm and a thickness of ∼600 μm.

Technology and Dementia Preconference.

Background: Chronic stress promotes life-long risk for neuropsychiatric decline by increasing neuroinflammation and disrupting synaptic health and plasticity. Our lab and others have recently demonstrated that non-invasive gamma sensory stimulation (flicker) modulates immune signaling, restores microglial function, and improves cognitive performance in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no research to date has studied the effects of flicker in the context of stress.

Presence of Fragmented Intratumoral Thrombosed Microvasculature in the Necrotic and Peri-Necrotic Regions on SWI Differentiates IDH Wild-Type Glioblastoma From IDH Mutant Grade 4 Astrocytoma.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type (IDH) glioblastomas (GB) are more aggressive and have a poorer prognosis than IDH mutant (IDH) tumors, emphasizing the need for accurate preoperative differentiation. However, a distinct imaging biomarker for differentiation mostly lacking. Intratumoral thrombosis has been reported as a histopathological biomarker for GB.

A Simple Protocol for Visualization of RNA-Protein Complexes by Atomic Force Microscopy.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has recently received increasing interest in molecular biology. This technique allows quick and reliable detection of biomolecules. However, studying RNA-protein complexes using AFM poses significant challenges.

Specifying cellular context of transcription factor regulons for exploring context-specific gene regulation programs.

Understanding the role of transcription and transcription factors (TFs) in cellular identity and disease, such as cancer, is essential. However, comprehensive data resources for cell line-specific TF-to-target gene annotations are currently limited. To address this, we employed a straightforward method to define regulons that capture the cell-specific aspects of TF binding and transcript expression levels.

Next-Generation Custom-Fit Reusable Respiratory Protective Device with Continuous Fit Monitoring - Part I: Custom-Fit Design.

Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) are manufactured in discrete sizes, with some models being limited in relation to accommodating the fit of some sex and race combinations. This study presents the development of a custom-fit respiratory protective device (RPD) which conforms to a user's facial features and flexes and moves with facial movements during use. Our design also integrates a pressure-sensing network, which continuously monitors fit and will alert the user when the fit is compromised.

High-porosity Pt-CeO nanosponges as oxidation catalyst.

Pt-CeO nanosponges (1 wt% Pt) with high surface area (113 m g), high pore volume (0.08 cm g) and small-sized Pt nanoparticles (1.8 ± 0.

Recent advances in metal-catalysed oxidation reactions.

Oxidation reactions are vital tools in synthetic organic chemistry. Oxidation of organic species such as alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and ketones provides synthetically valuable organic compounds, especially synthetic intermediates for several biologically active compounds. Some of these synthetic intermediates have shown their synthetic utility in the total synthesis of natural products.

Unexpected stability of the iron(II) complex by an asymmetrical Schiff base from Fe(III): structure, magnetic and Mössbauer investigations.

The asymmetric Schiff base prepared from ethylenediamine and pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde reacts with Fe(ClO)·6HO to form the Fe(II) complex [FeL](ClO) with L = ,-diethyl-'-(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)ethane-1,2-diamine, where the Fe(III) starting material has been unexpectedly reduced to Fe(II). This complex was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction measurements, variable temperature DC magnetic measurement and room temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy. The asymmetric ligand L coordinates in a tridentate fashion through its pyridyl, azomethine and amino nitrogen atoms, generating a distorted octahedral geometry around the central metal ion.

Interatrial block is an independent risk factor for new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between interatrial conduction block and postoperative atrial fibrillation, which can precipitate acute cardiopulmonary instability and is associated with subsequent heart failure, stroke, and mortality following cardiac surgery.

Methods: Perioperative 12-channel electrocardiograms from 3405 patients undergoing myocardial revascularization, valve surgery, aortic surgery, or combinations thereof, were considered. Clinical and electrographic parameters were compared between patients with and without atrial fibrillation, and significant variables were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Unveiling structural components of dibenzofuran-based MMP-12 inhibitors: a comparative classification-dependent analysis with molecular docking-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation.

Unlabelled: The implication of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) in various major disorders including cancer, COPD, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological diseases makes it a potential target for drug discovery. Contemplating the significance of MMP-12, a number of MMP-12 inhibitors were designed, synthesized and tested throughout the world but the non-selective nature of most of those molecules can lead to adverse drug interactions. In contradiction, the dibenzofuran (DBF) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) derivatives showed highly potent and selective MMP-12 inhibition.

Evolution of electronic structure and optical properties of naphthalenediimide dithienylvinylene (NDI-TVT) polymer as a function of reduction level: a density functional theory study.

Naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based donor-acceptor co-polymers with tunable electronic, optical, mechanical, and transport properties have shown immense potential as n-type conducting polymers in organic (opto)electronics. During the operation, the polymers undergo reduction at different charged states, which alters their (opto)electronic properties mainly due to the formation of the quasiparticles, polaron/bipolaron. The theoretical study based on quantum mechanical calculations can provide us with a detailed understanding of their (opto)electronic properties, which is missing to a great extent.

Growth of Clathrate Hydrates in Nanoscale Ice Films Observed Using Electron Diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy.

Clathrate hydrates (CHs) are believed to exist in cold regions of space, such as comets and icy moons. While spectroscopic studies have explored their formation under similar laboratory conditions, direct structural characterization using diffraction techniques has remained elusive. We present the first electron diffraction study of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,3-dioxolane (DIOX) CHs in the form of nanometer-thin ice films under an ultrahigh vacuum at cryogenic temperatures.

Insights into Interlayer Dislocation Augmented Zinc-Ion Storage Kinetics in MoS Nanosheets for Rocking-Chair Zinc-Ion Batteries with Ultralong Cycle-Life.

Increasing attention to sustainability and cost-effectiveness in energy storage sector has catalyzed the rise of rechargeable Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, finding replacement for limited cycle-life Zn-anode is a major challenge. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS), an insertion-type 2D layered material, has shown promising characteristics as a ZIB anode.

Modulation of Donor in Purely Organic Triplet Harvesting AIE-TADF Photosensitizer for Image-guided Photodynamic Therapy.

Image-guided photodynamic therapy is acknowledged as one of the most demonstrative therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment because of its high precision, non-invasiveness, and improved imaging ability. A series of purely organic photosensitizers denoted as BTMCz, BTMPTZ, and BTMPXZ, have been designed and synthesized and are found to exhibit both thermally activated delayed fluorescence and aggregation-induced emission simultaneously. Experimental and theoretical studies are combined to reveal that modulation of the donor of the photosensitizer enables distinct thermally activated delayed fluorescence via a second-order spin-orbit perturbation mechanism involving lowest singlet charge-transfer and higher-lying triplet locally excited states, respectively.