Decoding the connection: unraveling the role of gut microbiome in fibromyalgia.

The gut microbiome is emerging as a critical player in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia, offering mechanistic insights as well as potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking Superconductivity in HfRhGe: A Noncentrosymmetric Weyl Semimetal.

Weyl semimetals are a novel class of topological materials with unique electronic structures and distinct properties. HfRhGe stands out as a noncentrosymmetric Weyl semimetal with unconventional superconducting characteristics. Using muon-spin rotation and relaxation (µSR) spectroscopy and thermodynamic measurements, a fully gapped superconducting state is identified in HfRhGe that breaks time-reversal symmetry at the superconducting transition.

Collective Interactions of Quantum-Confined Excitons in Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattices.

Collective optical properties can emerge from an ordered ensemble of emitters due to interactions between the individual units. Superlattices of halide perovskite nanocrystals exhibit collective light emission, influenced by dipole-dipole interactions between simultaneously excited nanocrystals. This coupling changes both the emission energy and rate compared to the emission of uncoupled nanocrystals.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Over a Million Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Seven Countries: Multinational Cohort Study and Open Data Resource.

Background And Aims: Observational healthcare data are an important tool for delineating patients' inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) journey in real-world settings. However, studies that characterize IBD cohorts typically rely on a single resource, apply diverse eligibility criteria, and extract variable sets of attributes, making comparison between cohorts challenging. We aim to longitudinally describe and compare IBD patient cohorts across multiple geographic regions, employing unified data and analysis framework.

Celiac in the twenty-first century-the change in BMI of children at diagnosis over the last two decades.

This study examined the prevalence of different BMI categories among newly diagnosed pediatric celiac disease (CD) patients in Israel from 2002 to 2018. A retrospective cross-sectional study using the database of Clalit Health Services in Israel included 5520 newly diagnosed CD children aged 2-18 between 2002 and 2018. Data on BMI, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) were collected and analyzed Of the 5520 CD patients, 57.

Direct multi-element analysis of biological samples in dry matrix spots by PIXE.

The dried matrix spot (DMS) method, initially developed for neonatal blood screening, has gained prevalence in various research fields for its efficiency in handling small sample volumes and its adaptability to diverse analytical techniques. This study presents the results of the first systematic investigation of direct multi-element analysis in DMS of human blood and plasma samples with Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). Internal standard addition was used to address the issue of DMS heterogeneity and to eliminate the need for determining the sample volume equivalent, allowing a single-spot (single-punch) measurement.

Systemic intravenous thrombolysis and spinal stroke: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is associated with poor clinical outcome. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a well-established treatment for cerebral ischaemic stroke. However, its efficacy in SCI is unknown.

Engineering CO-Ultraselective Membranes: Molecularly Tailored Low-Crystallinity Polyvinylamine-PEGDGE Networks.

Facilitated transport membranes (FTMs) with an ultraselective layer prepared from amine-rich polyvinylamine (PVAm)/2-(1-piperazinyl)ethylamine salt of sarcosine (PZEA-Sar) (denoted by PM) and an amorphous dendritic cross-linked network of PVAm-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) (named PP) were designed for CO separations. The developed membranes expedited CO transport over N through the synergistic effect from the induced CO-philic ethylene oxide groups and highly hydrophilic and polar hydroxyl groups together with the low-crystallinity PP networks, which offer a high diffusion rate for CO-amine complexes through the membrane and stabilize small molecular mobile carriers via hydrogen bonding. The best (PM/PP-10)/polysulfone (PSf) composite membranes achieved a superior CO/N selectivity of 230 (4.

Quantum Electrodynamics in High-Harmonic Generation: Multitrajectory Ehrenfest and Exact Quantum Analysis.

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear process in which a material sample is irradiated by intense laser pulses, causing the emission of high harmonics of incident light. HHG has historically been explained by theories employing a classical electromagnetic field, successfully capturing its spectral and temporal characteristics. However, recent research indicates that quantum-optical effects naturally exist or can be artificially induced in HHG, such as entanglement between emitted harmonics.

Impaired Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity Signaling in Yellow Nail Syndrome.

Background: Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare disorder characterized by a triad of yellow dystrophic nails, lymphedema, and chronic lung disease. Most patients present in adulthood, with only a few congenital or familial cases described. The cause of YNS remains largely unknown, although defects in lymphatic vessel development are suggested to play a significant role.

Strong-Field Theory of Attosecond Tunneling Microscopy.

Attosecond observations of coherent electron dynamics in molecules and nanostructures can be achieved by combining conventional scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses. While experimental studies in the subcycle regime are under way, a robust strong-field theory description has remained elusive. Here we devise a model based on the strong-field approximation.

Formulation of Polymer-Augmented Surfactant-Based Oil-Water Microemulsions for Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery.

This research explores the development of engineered oil-water microemulsions stabilized by a synergistic combination of polymer and surfactant to enhance stability and interfacial properties for improved enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Conventional surfactant-stabilized emulsions often suffer from phase instability and limited wettability alteration during water flooding and chemical injection, hindering the EOR efficiency. In contrast, our formulations incorporating polymers significantly increase the emulsion viscosity and resilience to temperature fluctuations, resulting in enhanced phase stability.

Pediatric Acute Lobar Nephronia: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Introduction: Acute lobar nephronia (ALN) is a focal renal infection without liquefaction, historically regarded as rare in the pediatric population, yet recent literature suggests it may be under-diagnosed, which may result in the formation of renal abscess and future renal scarring.

Methods: The clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and long-term outcomes of 5 patients diagnosed with ALN was described and literature review was conducted by reviewing publications in PubMed using the keywords "acute lobar nephronia" and "pediatric".

Results: Three patients were males, aged 1 to 11 years.

Expansion microscopy reveals neural circuit organization in genetic animal models.

Expansion microscopy is a super-resolution technique in which physically enlarging the samples in an isotropic manner increases inter-molecular distances such that nano-scale structures can be resolved using light microscopy. This is particularly useful in neuroscience as many important structures are smaller than the diffraction limit. Since its invention in 2015, a variety of expansion microscopy protocols have been generated and applied to advance knowledge in many prominent organisms in neuroscience, including zebrafish, mice, , and .

Structural determinants of co-translational protein complex assembly.

Protein assembly into functional complexes is critical to life's processes. While complex assembly is classically described as occurring between fully synthesized proteins, recent work showed that co-translational assembly is prevalent in human cells. However, the biological basis for the existence of this process and the identity of protein pairs that assemble co-translationally remain unknown.

Infectious diseases: Household modeling with missing data.

Over three years since the first identified SARS-CoV-2 case was discovered, the role of adolescents and children in spreading the virus remains unclear. Specifically, estimating the relative susceptibility of a child with respect to an adult is still an open question. In our work, we generalize a well-known household model for modeling infectious diseases, to include missing tests.

From supportive care to trauma: training integrative practitioners in the treatment of acute stress disorder.

Objective: The present conflict in Israel has led to a surge in cases of acute stress disorder (ASD). The study examined a training program for integrative medicine (IM) providers working in supportive and palliative care settings, teaching clinical skills for treating ASD.

Methods: A 10-h online training program, designed by supportive care trained IM and mental health professionals was attended by a group of 32 IM providers.

Resilience and Charge-Dependent Fibrillation of functional amyloid: Interactions of Pseudomonas Biofilm-Associated FapB and FapC Amyloids.

FapC and FapB are biofilm-associated amyloids involved in the virulence of Pseudomonas and other bacteria. We herein demonstrate their exceptional thermal and chemical resilience, suggesting that their biofilm structures might withstand standard sterilization, thereby contributing to the persistence of P. aeruginosa infections.

Reliability of high-quantity human brain organoids for modeling microcephaly, glioma invasion and drug screening.

Brain organoids offer unprecedented insights into brain development and disease modeling and hold promise for drug screening. Significant hindrances, however, are morphological and cellular heterogeneity, inter-organoid size differences, cellular stress, and poor reproducibility. Here, we describe a method that reproducibly generates thousands of organoids across multiple hiPSC lines.

The landscape of primary mismatch repair deficient gliomas in children, adolescents, and young adults: a multi-cohort study.

Background: Gliomas are a major cause of cancer-related death among children, adolescents, and young adults (age 0-40 years). Primary mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) is a pan-cancer mechanism with unique biology and therapeutic opportunities. We aimed to determine the extent and impact of primary MMRD in gliomas among children, adolescents, and young adults.

Electrochemical detection of extracellular vesicles for early diagnosis: a focus on disease biomarker analysis.

This review article presents a detailed examination of the integral role that electrochemical detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs) plays, particularly focusing on the potential application for early disease diagnostics through EVs biomarker analysis. Through an exploration of the benefits and challenges presented by electrochemical detection vetted for protein, lipid, and nucleic acid biomarker analysis, we underscore the significance of these techniques. Evidence from recent studies renders this detection modality imperative in identifying diverse biomarkers from EVs, leading to early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Characteristics and survival of hospitalized combat casualties during two major conflicts between Israel and Hamas: 2023 versus 2014.

Background: In the complex landscape of modern warfare, understanding combat-related injuries leading to hospitalization is crucial for optimizing injury treatment. This study aims to compare combat casualty characteristics and outcomes during the major conflicts between Israel and Hamas in 2023 and 2014 as a basis for understanding the effectiveness of trauma care practices for wounded soldiers.

Methods: A cohort study of soldiers hospitalized due to combat injuries during two major wars between Israel and Hamas in 2023 and 2014, using data from the Israeli National Trauma Registry.