Impact of Ultrasound- and Microwave-Assisted Extraction on Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of and .

This study represents the first investigation into the ultrasonic and microwave extraction of bioactive metabolites from (red seaweed) and () (brown seaweed), with a focus on their biological activities. The research compares ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) utilizing a hydromethanolic solvent to evaluate their effects on these seaweeds' bioactive compounds and biological activities. The assessment included a series of antioxidant essays: DPPH, ABTS, phenanthroline, and total antioxidant capacity, followed by enzyme inhibition activities: alpha-amylase and urease.

Functionalized Polyethylene Separators with Efficient Li-Ion Transport Rate for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries.

Fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the key to solving the range anxiety of electric vehicles. However, the lack of separators with high Li transportation rates has become a major bottleneck, restricting their development. In this work, the electrochemical performance of traditional polyethylene separators was enhanced by coating AlO nanoparticles with a novel green binder.

Spatial and temporal distribution of arsenic concentration in rural drinking water and health risk assessment in Northern China from 2013 to 2022: a case study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Background: By monitoring arsenic levels in rural drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022 and evaluating their health risks, this study provides a basis for further developing strategies to promote public health.

Methods: One stable centralized water supply point was randomly selected in each township of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. One finished water sample and 1-3 tap water samples were collected at each supply point.

Organophosphate flame retardants and their metabolites in paired dog food and urine: Pet exposure through food consumption.

Companion dogs are exposed to various chemicals. However, our understanding of the sources and pathways of chemical exposure in pets remains limited. In this study, we collected urine samples from 47 dogs and corresponding samples of the food they consumed to analyze the concentrations and dietary exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and their metabolites (mOPFRs).

Degradation and/or Dissociation of Neurodegenerative Disease-Related Factor Amyloid-β by a Suspension Containing Calcium Hydrogen Carbonate Mesoscopic Crystals.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates accumulate in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and are thought to potentially act as prions, promoting further aggregation. Consequently, the biochemistry of Aβ has emerged as a promising target for Alzheimer's disease. CAC-717, a suspension of calcium bicarbonate mesoscopic structures derived from natural sources, has been shown to inactivate various pathogens, including prions.

MnCoO spinel activates peroxymonosulfate for highly effective bisphenol A degradation with ultralow catalyst and persulfate usage.

Persulfates-based advanced oxidation processes are highly efficient in degrading refractory organic contaminants in wastewater. However, their practical application is often limited by the extensive consumption of catalysts and oxidants. Therefore, constructing catalysts with abundant and efficient reaction interfaces is essential for improving the efficiency of persulfate activation.

RETRACTED: Azra et al. Crayfish Research: A Global Scientometric Analysis Using CiteSpace. 2023, , 1240.

The journal retracts the article titled "Crayfish Research: A Global Scientometric Analysis Using CiteSpace" [...

Non-Structural Carbohydrates Accumulation in Seedlings Improved Flowering Quality of Tree Peony under Forcing Culture Conditions, with Roots Playing a Crucial Role.

(1) Tree peony ( Andrews) is a woody ornamental plant originating from China, and beloved by people worldwide. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) play a crucial role in regulating the flowering quality of tree peonies in both field and potted conditions. However, the effects of NSCs accumulation and allocation in various organs during the vegetative growth stage on the flowering quality of tree peony under forcing culture remains unclear.

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, and haemolytic properties of hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts from Benth. fruit.

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiulcer, and cytotoxic properties of hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts from the fruits of Tabernaemontana crassa were investigated. Four phenolic compounds, including three phenolic acids (gallic, caffeic, and chlorogenic acids) and one flavonol (rutin), were detected by HPLC-PDA. The hydroethanol extract (HE) exhibited high antioxidant activity and inhibition of haemolysis against red blood cells.

Effects of different rootstocks on fruit quality and non-volatile flavor-related compounds of sweet cherry 'summit'.

In practical sweet cherry production, grafting onto rootstocks is a common practice to enhance environmental adaptability. Rootstocks play a crucial role in influencing scion growth and fruit quality by regulating the absorption and utilization of mineral elements. In this study, the influence of five rootstocks with or without root fertilization during the fruit color conversion period on the fruit quality of sweet cherry 'Summit' was observed.

In vivo assessment of oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and histological alterations induction in the marine gastropod Stramonita haemastoma exposed to CrO and AlO nanoparticles.

The increased use of nanoparticles (NPs) is expected to raise their presence in the marine ecosystem, which is considered as the final destination of released NPs. This study investigated the toxicity of CrO (42 nm) and AlO (38 nm) NPs (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/L) on the digestive glands of Stramonita haemastoma for 7, 14, and 28 days by oxidative stress biomarkers, neurotoxicity indicator assessment, and histological study.

Relationship between depth-wise refractive index and biomechanical properties of human articular cartilage.

Significance: Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index (RI), are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to the tissue's composition and structure. We hypothesize that, as the RI and the functional properties of articular cartilage (AC) are dependent on the tissue's structure and composition, the RI of AC is related to its biomechanical properties.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between RI of human AC and its biomechanical properties.

Comprehensive evaluation and prediction of groundwater quality and risk indices using quantitative approaches, multivariate analysis, and machine learning models: An exploratory study.

Assessing and predicting quality of groundwater is crucial in managing groundwater availability effectively. In the current study, groundwater quality was thoroughly appraised using various indexing methods, including the drinking water quality index (DWQI), pollution index of heavy metals (HPI), pollution index (PI), metal index (MI), degree of contamination (C), and risk indicators, like hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard indicator (HI). The assessments were augmented through multivariate analytical techniques, models based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and integration of geographic information system (GIS) technology.

Recent Progress of 2D Materials-Based Photodetectors from UV to THz Waves: Principles, Materials, and Applications.

Photodetectors are one of the most critical components for future optoelectronic systems and it undergoes significant advancements to meet the growing demands of diverse applications spanning the spectrum from ultraviolet (UV) to terahertz (THz). 2D materials are very attractive for photodetector applications because of their distinct optical and electrical properties. The atomic-thin structure, high carrier mobility, low van der Waals (vdWs) interaction between layers, relatively narrower bandgap engineered through engineering, and significant absorption coefficient significantly benefit the chip-scale production and integration of 2D materials-based photodetectors.

The first complete mitochondrial genome of the genus and insights into phylogeny of Lucanidae (Coleoptera: Lucanidae).

belongs to the Lucanidae family of Coleoptera. The first complete mitogenome of s is reported in this paper. The genome is 16,807 bp in length and contains the typical 37 genes with 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein coding genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes.

A Novel Immunodeficient Hyperglycemic Mouse Carrying the Ins1 Akita Mutation for Xenogeneic Islet Cell Transplantation.

Background: For patients who have difficulty controlling blood glucose even with insulin administration, xenogeneic islet cells, including human stem cell-derived pancreatic islets (hSC-islet) and porcine islets, have garnered attention as potential solutions to challenges associated with donor shortages. For the development of diabetes treatment modalities that use cell transplantation therapy, it is essential to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transplanted cells using experimental animals over the long term.

Methods: We developed permanent diabetic immune-deficient mice by introducing the Akita (C96Y) mutation into the rodent-specific Insulin1 gene of NOD/Shi-scid IL2rγcnull (NOG) mice (Ins1C96Y/C96Y NOG).

Valorizing date palm spikelets into activated carbon-derived composite for methyl orange adsorption: advancing circular bioeconomy in wastewater treatment-a comprehensive study on its equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms.

Leveraging date palm spikelets (DPS) as a precursor, this study developed a DPS-derived composite (ZnO@DPS-AC) for water treatment, focusing on methyl orange (MO) removal. The composite was synthesized through ZnCl2 activation and pyrolysis at 600 °C. Comprehensive characterization was conducted using TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM/EDS, and pH.

A novel NAC transcription factor ZmNAC55 negatively regulates drought stress in Zea mays.

Drought stress is a major limit on the maize growth and productivity, and understanding the drought response mechanism is one of the important ways to improve drought resistance in maize. However, more drought-related genes and their regulated mechanisms are still to be reported. Here, we identified a novel NAC transcription factor ZmNAC55 in Zea mays and comprehensively investigated the functions of ZmNAC55 under drought stress.

Evaluation of video-based rPPG in challenging environments: Artifact mitigation and network resilience.

Video-based remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has emerged as a promising technology for non-contact vital sign monitoring, especially under controlled conditions. However, the accurate measurement of vital signs in real-world scenarios faces several challenges, including artifacts induced by videocodecs, low-light noise, degradation, low dynamic range, occlusions, and hardware and network constraints. In this article, a systematic and comprehensive investigation of these issues is conducted, measuring their detrimental effects on the quality of rPPG measurements.

Toward calibration-free motor imagery brain-computer interfaces: a VGG-based convolutional neural network and WGAN approach.

Motor imagery (MI) represents one major paradigm of Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) in which users rely on their electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to control the movement of objects. However, due to the inter-subject variability, MI BCIs require recording subject-dependent data to train machine learning classifiers that are used to identify the intended motor action. This represents a challenge in developing MI BCIs as it complicates its calibration and hinders the wide adoption of such a technology.

Enhancing GFRP fatigue durability for chassis component applications through glass fiber coupling variation.

As the landscape of mobility trends continues to evolve, concerted efforts have been made to incorporate Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) into automotive components. However, the substantial increase in cost relative to the achieved weight reduction has limited its widespread adoption. Consequently, research endeavors have focused on exploring alternative composite materials, adapting fibers such as glass fibers, natural fibers, and recycled fibers, to reduce the cost of composite components.

Antibody responses to immunoevasion proteins BBK32 and OspE constitute part of the serological footprint in neuroborreliosis but are insufficient to prevent the disease.

Lyme borreliosis, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, is the most common tickborne disease. Its neuronal form, neuroborreliosis, comprises 3 to 38% of borreliosis cases in Europe. Borrelia outer surface proteins and virulence factors, OspE and BBK32, have been previously reported to help cause infection by promoting attachment to human host epithelial cells and evading complement attack.

Optimal Time Frequency Fusion Symmetric Dot Pattern Bearing Fault Feature Enhancement and Diagnosis.

Regarding the difficulty of extracting the acquired fault signal features of bearings from a strong background noise vibration signal, coupled with the fact that one-dimensional (1D) signals provide limited fault information, an optimal time frequency fusion symmetric dot pattern (SDP) bearing fault feature enhancement and diagnosis method is proposed. Firstly, the vibration signals are transformed into two-dimensional (2D) features by the time frequency fusion algorithm SDP, which can multi-scale analyze the fluctuations of signals at minor scales, as well as enhance bearing fault features. Secondly, the bat algorithm is employed to optimize the SDP parameters adaptively.