Decellularized Extracellular Matrix and Polyurethane Vascular Grafts Have Positive Effects on the Inflammatory and Pro-Thrombotic State of Aged Endothelial Cells.

In vitro assessment of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts usually uses standard cell culture conditions with early-passage cells. However, these conduits are mainly implanted in elderly patients and are subject to complex cellular interactions influenced by age and inflammation. Understanding these factors is central to the development of vascular grafts tailored to the specific needs of patients.

In Vitro Profiling of the Antiviral Peptide TAT-I24.

The synthetic peptide TAT-I24 (GRKKRRQRRRPPQCLAFYACFC) exerts antiviral activity against several double-stranded (ds) DNA viruses, including herpes simplex viruses, cytomegalovirus, some adenoviruses, vaccinia virus and SV40 polyomavirus. In the present study, in vitro profiling of this peptide was performed with the aim of characterizing and improving its properties for further development. As TAT-I24 contains three free cysteine residues, a potential disadvantageous feature, peptide variants with replacements or deletions of specific residues were generated and tested in various cell systems and by biochemical analyses.

The impact of multicentric datasets for the automated tumor delineation in primary prostate cancer using convolutional neural networks on F-PSMA-1007 PET.

Purpose: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as transformative tools in the field of radiation oncology, significantly advancing the precision of contouring practices. However, the adaptability of these algorithms across diverse scanners, institutions, and imaging protocols remains a considerable obstacle. This study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating institution-specific datasets into the training regimen of CNNs to assess their generalization ability in real-world clinical environments.

Performance evaluation of the FastIC readout ASIC with emphasis on Cherenkov emission in TOF-PET.

The efficient usage of prompt photons like Cherenkov emission is of great interest for the design of the next generation, cost-effective, and ultra-high-sensitivity time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners. With custom, high power consuming, readout electronics and fast digitization the prospect of sub-300 ps FWHM with PET-sized BGO crystals have been shown. However, these results are not scalable to a full system consisting of thousands of detector elements.

Three-Dimensional Osseointegration Patterns of Cementless Femoral Stems: An ex Vivo Study with High-Resolution Imaging and Histological Evaluation.

Background: Osseointegration is essential for the long-term survival of cementless femoral stems and is dependent on periprosthetic bone quality and correct implantation technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 3-dimensional long-term fixation patterns of, and bone microarchitecture around, cementless hip stems.

Methods: Four specimens with varying degrees of bone quality and fixation characteristics from body donors who had received Alloclassic Zweymüller hip stems during their lifetime (mean time in situ at the time of death: 12.

Complete genome of CoE-159-22, isolated from traditionally produced Montenegrin cheese.

() was recently described as a new species isolated from copper globemallow (). Here, we report the complete genome of CoE-159-22, which was obtained from traditionally produced Montenegrin cheese.

The sensitivity of radiobiological models in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) and its consequences on the clinical treatment plan: Differences between LEM and MKM models.

Purpose: Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) relies on relative biological effectiveness (RBE)-weighted dose calculations. Japanese clinics predominantly use the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM), while European centers utilize the local effect model (LEM). Despite both models estimating RBE-distributions in tissue, their physical and mathematical assumptions differ, leading to significant disparities in RBE-weighted doses.

Automated Mass Photometry of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors from Crude Cell Extracts.

Mass photometry (MP) is a fast and simple analysis method for the determination of the proportions of subpopulations in an AAV sample. It is label-free and requires minimal sample volumes between 5-10 µL, which makes it a promising candidate over orthogonal techniques such as analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC), cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) or charge-detection mass spectrometry (CDMS). However, these methods are limited in their application to purified samples only.

Origin of the success of mGGAs for bandgaps.

One of the well-known limitations of Kohn-Sham density functional theory is the tendency to strongly underestimate bandgaps. Meta-generalized gradient approximations (mGGAs), which include the kinetic energy density in the functional form, have been shown to significantly alleviate this deficiency. In this study, we explore the mechanisms responsible for this improvement from the angle of the underlying local densities.

Eeny, meeny, miny, moe-Summer time and out are you? The working population in the EU would likely benefit from elimination of daylight saving time.

Daylight (saving) time (DST) is an over one century old practice to maximize the overlap between natural day light and individual active time (i.e., non-sleep time).

Complete genome sequence of strain 400431-b, isolated from a protracted course of whooping cough in Austria, 2023.

Here, we report the complete genome of strain 400431-b isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab from a 4-year-old patient presenting with a protracted course of whooping cough, vaccinated with three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-poliomyelitis- type b vaccine.

Business models for local energy market and circular economy establishment in municipalities: A case study in an Austrian municipality.

Energy communities often lack authority for establishment and operation management. Municipal authorities could take the role of such community operators. Therefore, Local Sustainable Municipalities are introduced, providing a local energy market on the municipal level with inclusion of sustainable resource utilization.

FCM marker importance for MRD assessment in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An AIEOP-BFM-ALL-FLOW study group report.

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) accounts for about 15% of pediatric and about 25% of adult ALL cases. Minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) assessed by flow cytometry (FCM) is an important prognostic indicator for risk stratification. In order to assess the MRD a limited number of antibodies directed against the most discriminative antigens must be selected.

Creating an indicator system for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals in communities and municipalities: Application and analysis in an Austrian case study.

Sustainability indicators should implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). Indicators in literature often consider large sets of actions and are thus complex in application. Therefore, this work derives energy- and resource-related SDG indicators for communities and municipalities with low complexity.

Doppler Indices of the Uterine, Umbilical and Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery in Diabetic versus Non-Diabetic Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: The aim of this study was to assess the differences in Doppler indices of the uterine (Ut), umbilical (UA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA) in diabetic versus non-diabetic pregnancies by conducting a comprehensive systematic review of the literature with a meta-analysis. : PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS were searched for studies that measured the pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and systolic/diastolic ratio index (S/D ratio) of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and uterine artery in diabetic versus non-diabetic pregnancies. Two reviewers independently evaluated the eligibility of studies, abstracted data, and performed quality assessments according to standardized protocols.

Deep learning based automated delineation of the intraprostatic gross tumour volume in PSMA-PET for patients with primary prostate cancer.

Purpose: With the increased use of focal radiation dose escalation for primary prostate cancer (PCa), accurate delineation of gross tumor volume (GTV) in prostate-specific membrane antigen PET (PSMA-PET) becomes crucial. Manual approaches are time-consuming and observer dependent. The purpose of this study was to create a deep learning model for the accurate delineation of the intraprostatic GTV in PSMA-PET.

Reflections on Navigating a Pandemic: Perspectives from the Chemical Biology Community.

The early-career researchers showcased in this ChemBioTalents special collection, and many others who have established their independent scientific careers over the last three years, have experienced a unique set of circumstances. The Covid-19 pandemic necessitated new forms of communication and interpersonal interactions: From online interviews and virtual networking to relocating and establishing labs during a pandemic, we faced many challenges, but also unexpected opportunities. In this perspective, we reflect on this unique and formative time through personal anecdotes and viewpoints, trying to capture diverse experiences from the Chemical Biology community and beyond.

3D-Printed multi-material liver model with simultaneous mechanical and radiological tissue-mimicking features for improved realism.

89Anatomic models have an important role in the medical domain. However, soft tissue mechanical properties' representation is limited in mass-produced and 3D-printed models. In this study, a multi-material 3D printer was used to print a human liver model featuring tuned mechanical and radiological properties, with the goal of comparing the printed model with its printing material and real liver tissue.

Biodegradable, Self-Reinforcing Vascular Grafts for In Situ Tissue Engineering Approaches.

Clinically available small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts (SDVGs) have unsatisfactory patency rates due to impaired graft healing. Therefore, autologous implants are still the gold standard for small vessel replacement. Bioresorbable SDVGs may be an alternative, but many polymers have inadequate biomechanical properties that lead to graft failure.

Phytochromes mediate germination inhibition under red, far-red, and white light in Aethionema arabicum.

The view on the role of light during seed germination stems mainly from studies with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), where light is required to initiate this process. In contrast, white light is a strong inhibitor of germination in other plants, exemplified by accessions of Aethionema arabicum, another member of Brassicaceae. Their seeds respond to light with gene expression changes of key regulators converse to that of Arabidopsis, resulting in opposite hormone regulation and prevention of germination.

3D printed 2D range modulators preserve radiation quality on a microdosimetric scale in proton and carbon ion beams.

Introduction: Particle therapy using pencil beam scanning (PBS) faces large uncertain- ties related to ranges and target motion. One possibility to improve existing mitigation strategies is a 2D range modulator (2DRM). A 2DRM offers faster irradiation times by reducing the number of layers and spots needed to create a spread-out Bragg peak.