Death associated protein kinase 1 dampens keratinocyte necroptosis and expression of inflammatory genes in lichen planus.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease (ISD) affecting skin, mucosa, nail, and hair. Previous studies demonstrated a pivotal role of type 1 immunity in LP, as infiltrating T cells trigger apoptosis and necroptosis in the epidermis. In this study, we investigated the role of DAPK1 in LP with special focus on its role in mediating cell death and inflammation.

Beyond Aromas: Exploring the Development and Potential Applications of Electroencephalography in Olfactory Research-From General Scents to Food Flavor Science Frontiers.

Olfaction is crucial to our dietary choices and significantly influences our emotional and cognitive landscapes. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms is pivotal, especially through the use of electroencephalography (EEG). This technology has strong temporal resolution, allowing it to capture the dynamics of neural responses to odors, bypassing the need for subjective interpretations.

Active learning of molecular data for task-specific objectives.

Active learning (AL) has shown promise to be a particularly data-efficient machine learning approach. Yet, its performance depends on the application, and it is not clear when AL practitioners can expect computational savings. Here, we carry out a systematic AL performance assessment for three diverse molecular datasets and two common scientific tasks: compiling compact, informative datasets and targeted molecular searches.

CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy with [Lu]Pentixather added to total body irradiation for myeloablative conditioning in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia.

Despite recent advances in the targeted therapy of AML, the disease continues to have a poor prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) remains to be the curative therapy option for fit patients with high-risk disease. Especially patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) AML continue to have poor outcomes.

Longitudinal volumetric analysis of compartments in chicken eggs using ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: The chicken egg, with its compartments, is a widely used and popular animal model in experimental studies. This study aimed to quantify the volumes of the yolk/yolk sac, amniotic fluid, and chicken embryo using non-invasive ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI).

Materials And Methods: In total, 64 chicken eggs were examined using a 7 T UHF-MRI scanner, acquiring T2-weighted anatomical images of the entire egg from developmental day 1 to 16 (D1-D16).

Gut microbiota prevents small intestinal tumor formation due to bile acids in gnotobiotic mice.

The gut microbiota is implicated in the development of intestinal tumors. Furthermore, Western diet is a risk factor for colorectal cancer and induces alterations in both the microbiota and bile acid metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the causal role of Western diet-induced changes in the microbiota and secondary bile acid production, which were linked to disease exacerbation in pigs.

The identification of low-pathogenic bacteria on removed spinal implants and implications for antimicrobial prophylaxis.

Introduction: The role of low-pathogenic bacteria cultured from removed spinal implants is unclear and the efficacy of perioperative single-dose antibiotics against such bacteria remains underexplored.

Research Question: This study aims to investigate whether pedicle screw loosening is associated with pathogens and if the choice of perioperative antibiotics can prevent these bacteria.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 93 patients with implants removed between 01/01/2018 and 03/31/2020.

Minimum 10-Year Clinical and Functional Outcomes, and Return to Sport After Sternoclavicular Joint Reconstruction for Sternoclavicular Joint Instability.

Background: Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) instability can lead to pain, reduced function, and an inability to perform sports and activities of daily living. Reconstruction of the SCJ using hamstring autograft in a figure-of-8 configuration has demonstrated good outcomes at short- and midterm follow-ups, but there is a paucity of literature on long-term outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term clinical and functional outcomes after SCJ reconstruction, with a focus on return to sport, instability recurrence, and revision surgery.

Infectious complications following transperineal prostate biopsy with or without periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis-a systematic review including meta-analysis of all comparative studies.

Background: Despite the relatively low infection rate following transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB), it remains unresolved whether periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) can be omitted. Our aim was to compare infectious complications (genitourinary infections/GUI, fever, sepsis, readmission rate, 30-day-mortality) following TPB, considering all studies of varying levels of evidence that enable a direct comparison between patients with and without PAP.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, as well as grey literature sources, to identify reports published until January 2024.

Are we ready for virtually planned, 3D printed titanium plates for zygoma fractures? - A feasibility study of 16 post-mortem fractures.

The state-of-the-art approach to open reduction and fixation (ORIF) of zygoma fracture fragments is based on manual skills. Achieving high accuracy can be challenging. Our feasibility study on deceased body donors with artificial zygomatic fractures investigated whether virtual repositioning of the fractures and the use of customised 3D-printed titanium osteosynthesis plates was similar in accuracy to the conventional manual procedure, and whether the method was applicable in a clinical setting.

Chemoenzymatic C,C-Bond Forming Cascades by Cryptic Vanadium Haloperoxidase Catalyzed Bromination.

Inspired by natural cryptic halogenation in -bond formation, this study developed a synthetic approach combining biocatalytic bromination with transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling. Using the cyanobacterial VHPO, a robust and sustainable bromination-arylation cascade was created. Genetic modifications allowed enzyme immobilization, enhancing the compatibility between biocatalysis and chemocatalysis.

Solvation Dynamics of Thermoresponsive Polymer Films: The Influence of Salt Series in Water and Mixed Water/Methanol Atmosphere.

Understanding the salt effects on solvation behaviors of thermoresponsive polymers is crucial for designing and optimizing responsive systems suitable for diverse environments. In this work, the effect of potassium salts (CHCOOK, KCl, KBr, KI, and KNO) on solvation dynamics of poly(4-(N-(3'-methacrylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethylammonio) butane-1-sulfonate) (PSBP), poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNIPMAM), and PSBP-b-PNIPMAM films is investigated under saturated water and mixed water/methanol vapor via advanced in situ neutron/optical characterization techniques. These findings reveal that potassium salts enhance the films' hygroscopicity or methanol-induced swellability.

Cervicothoracic volumetric bone mineral density assessed by opportunistic QCT may be a reliable marker for osteoporosis in adults.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to validate the correlation between volumetric bone mineral density in the cervicothoracic and lumbar spine using measurements from opportunistic CT scans. The bone density assessment proved feasible, allowing us to propose optimal cut-off values for diagnosing osteoporosis and predicting vertebral fractures in the cervical and thoracic spine.

Objectives: To investigate the performance of cervicothoracic volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), obtained through opportunistic quantitative computed tomography (QCT), in discriminating patients with/without osteoporosis and with/without vertebral fractures (VFs), using lumbar vBMD as the reference.

RICTOR variants are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

RICTOR is a key component of the mTORC2 signaling complex which is involved in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation and survival. RICTOR is highly expressed in neurons and is necessary for brain development. Here, we report eight unrelated patients presenting with intellectual disability and/or development delay and carrying variants in the RICTOR gene.

A stacked CNN and random forest ensemble architecture for complex nursing activity recognition and nurse identification.

Nursing activity recognition has immense importance in the development of smart healthcare management and is an extremely challenging area of research in human activity recognition. The main reasons are an extreme class-imbalance problem and intra-class variability depending on both the subject and the recipient. In this paper, we apply a unique two-step feature extraction, coupled with an intermediate feature 'Angle' and a new feature called mean min max sum to render the features robust against intra-class variation.

Plant Species Richness and the Root Economics Space Drive Soil Fungal Communities.

Trait-based approaches have been increasingly used to relate plants to soil microbial communities. Using the recently described root economics space as an approach to explain the structure of soil-borne fungal communities, our study in a grassland diversity experiment reveals distinct root trait strategies at the plant community level. In addition to significant effects of plant species richness, we show that the collaboration and conservation gradient are strong drivers of the composition of the different guilds of soil fungi.

Accountability and objectivity: Humanitarian narratives at the intersection of evidence and localisation.

In the last decade, there has been a push for greater evidence-based practice within the humanitarian sector, alongside an increasing turn towards localising humanitarian assistance. Humanitarian actors and organisations have been increasing their production and use of evidence, while also being encouraged to reflect more critically on power hierarchies and decolonise humanitarian aid. This paper explores the intersection of these two narratives, examining how the use of evidence in humanitarian decision-making fits within a localisation agenda.

Learning to Match 2D Keypoints Across Preoperative MR and Intraoperative Ultrasound.

We propose in this paper a texture-invariant 2D keypoints descriptor specifically designed for matching preoperative Magnetic Resonance (MR) images with intraoperative Ultrasound (US) images. We introduce a strategy, where intraoperative US images are synthesized from MR images accounting for multiple MR modalities and intraoperative US variability. We build our training set by enforcing keypoints localization over all images then train a patient-specific descriptor network that learns texture-invariant discriminant features in a supervised contrastive manner, leading to robust keypoints descriptors.

Distinct regulation of Tau Monomer and aggregate uptake and intracellular accumulation in human neurons.

Background: The prion-like spreading of Tau pathology is the leading cause of disease progression in various tauopathies. A critical step in propagating pathologic Tau in the brain is the transport from the extracellular environment and accumulation inside naïve neurons. Current research indicates that human neurons internalize both the physiological extracellular Tau (eTau) monomers and the pathological eTau aggregates.

Everyday life and boredom of people living with dementia in residential long-term care: a merged methods study.

Background: Everyday life in residential long-term care is widely portrayed as boring. However, empirical evidence on this topic remains limited, particularly for the vulnerable group of people living with dementia. A better understanding of everyday life and the associated experiences of boredom could facilitate the development of practical strategies to reduce boredom in this target group.

The MuCAYA Study-Influence of Physical Activity and Metabolic Parameters on the Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System in Young Athletes.

Exercise has a significant impact on the cardiovascular (CV) health of children and adolescents, with resultant alterations in CV structure and function being evident, even at an early age. Engagement in regular, moderate physical activity (PA) is associated with long-term CV health benefits and a reduced risk of CV disease and mortality later in life. However, competitive sports often involve PA training intensities that are beyond recommended levels for young athletes, potentially leading to adverse CV outcomes.

Wastewater-based epidemiology: deriving a SARS-CoV-2 data validation method to assess data quality and to improve trend recognition.

Introduction: Accurate and consistent data play a critical role in enabling health officials to make informed decisions regarding emerging trends in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Alongside traditional indicators such as the 7-day-incidence rate, wastewater-based epidemiology can provide valuable insights into SARS-CoV-2 concentration changes. However, the wastewater compositions and wastewater systems are rather complex.