Systematic design approach for capacitively coupled microelectromechanical filters.

A design procedure for microelectromechanical (MEMS) band-pass filters is formulated that takes into account specifications set for carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I) and insertion loss. Since suppressing intermodulation distortion to maximize C/I in MEMS filter design typically leads to increased loss and vice versa, it is necessary to aim at a feasible compromise in filter performance that meets all of the requirements. In order to meet specifications that are typical for a handheld communication terminal, an integrated receiver architecture, where filter input and output impedances other than 50 omega can be used, is found to be more feasible than resistively terminating the front-end filter at source and load to 50 omega.

Advances in the genetics and epigenetics of gene regulation and human disease.

A report on the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) 11th Human Genome Meeting, Helsinki, Finland, 31 May-3 June 2006.

Determination of urinary catecholamines with capillary electrophoresis after solid-phase extraction.

The stabilities of 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine (DHBA), dopamine, 3-methoxytyramine, normetanephrine and metanephrine standards under acid, base and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were studied. Basic incubation media were not suitable for 3,4-dihydroxy compounds, but acid and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were applicable to all the compounds. The results of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis were comparable and the enzymatic hydrolysis was applied to a urine matrix.

Determination of soluble anions and cations from waters of pulp and paper mills with on-line coupled capillary electrophoresis.

When the degree of closure of the paper machine wet end waters increases, wet end problems also become more difficult to control without specific and selective on-line measurements. The need to measure the concentrations of individual compounds in order to explain wet end phenomena is growing. This study was performed to set up a CE system to a paper machine and to determine soluble inorganic and organic ions in different locations of pulp and paper process waters with real time analyses by two on-line CE methods.

Characterization of the genes of the 2,3-butanediol operons from Klebsiella terrigena and Enterobacter aerogenes.

The genes involved in the 2,3-butanediol pathway coding for alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, alpha-acetolactate synthase (alpha-ALS), and acetoin (diacetyl) reductase were isolated from Klebsiella terrigena and shown to be located in one operon. This operon was also shown to exist in Enterobacter aerogenes. The budA gene, coding for alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, gives in both organisms a protein of 259 amino acids.

A graphics program for the analysis and display of molecular dynamics trajectories.

The program SCARECROW has been developed to help the molecular modeler to analyze and display the very big and complex data files produced by molecular dynamics programs. The molecular graphics program SCARECROW is written to support the display, animation, and extensive analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories. Using the macro language it is easy to make scripts for video animation and for the automated display and analysis of time series.

Secretion of alpha-amylase by the aleurone layer and the scutellum of germinating barley grain.

alpha-Amylase activities in extracts of different parts of barley grain (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) were low after 1 day of germination at 20 degrees C, but they began to increase afterwards. In the scutellum and the aleurone layer, the increases were small, but in the starchy endosperm a great increase took place between days 1 and 6.