Neural fields for 3D tracking of anatomy and surgical instruments in monocular laparoscopic video clips.

Laparoscopic video tracking primarily focuses on two target types: surgical instruments and anatomy. The former could be used for skill assessment, while the latter is necessary for the projection of virtual overlays. Where instrument and anatomy tracking have often been considered two separate problems, in this article, a method is proposed for joint tracking of all structures simultaneously.

Shared decision making in patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm or peripheral artery disease: a scoping review.

Objective: This review provides an overview of the literature on shared decision making (SDM) in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) or peripheral artery disease (PAD) and identifies barriers and facilitators.

Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted in which four databases were systematically searched for the period January 2007 to November 2024. All articles were reviewed by two independent authors and asses for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

Deep learning for segmentation of colorectal carcinomas on endoscopic ultrasound.

Background: Bowel-preserving local resection of early rectal cancer is less successful if the tumor infiltrates the muscularis propria as opposed to submucosal infiltration only. Magnetic resonance imaging currently lacks the spatial resolution to provide a reliable estimation of the infiltration depth. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has better resolution, but its interpretation is investigator dependent.

Ghrelin for Neuroprotection in Post-Cardiac Arrest Coma: a one-year follow-up of cognitive and psychosocial outcomes.

Background: Effective treatments to improve brain recovery after cardiac arrest are needed. Ghrelin showed efficacy in experimental models and was associated with lower neuron specific enolase levels in the clinical Ghrelin in Coma (GRECO) trial. Here we present cognitive and psychosocial outcomes at one-year follow-up.

Great Saphenous Vein Arterialization in Patients with Severe Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia: A Last Resort for Limb Salvage.

Background: In one-fifth of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia, there are no revascularization options. In those cases, venous arterialization could be a last resort for limb salvage. This study examines the clinical outcome of 17 patients with nonhealing wounds (Fontaine 4), who underwent great saphenous vein (GSV) arterialization, leaving the distal saphenous side branches open and avoiding incisions in the lower leg and foot.

Dissecting SOX9 dynamics reveals its differential regulation in osteoarthritis.

The transcription factor SOX9 is integral to tissue homeostasis and is implicated in skeletal malformation, campomelic dysplasia, and osteoarthritis (OA). Despite extensive research, the complete regulatory landscape of SOX9 transcriptional activity, interconnected with signaling pathways (TGFβ, WNT, BMP, IHH, NFκB, and HIF), remains challenging to decipher. This study focuses on elucidating SOX9 signaling in OA pathology using Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) to assess SOX9 activity directly in live human primary chondrocytes (hPCs).

Quantitative aortic Na[F]F positron emission tomography computed tomography as a tool to associate vascular calcification with major adverse cardiovascular events.

Purpose: Sodium[F]fluoride (Na[F]F) used in positron emission tomography (PET) binds to active calcification and correlates consistently with higher cardiovascular risk. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of aortic Na[F]F-PET in hybrid combination with low-dose computed tomography (CT) as a risk model for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods: Patient data and Na[F]F-PET/CT scans from January 2019 to February 2022 were retrospectively collected at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands.

Radiotherapy Trends and Variations in Invasive Non-metastatic Breast Cancer Treatment in the Netherlands: A Nationwide Overview From 2008 to 2019.

Aims: This nationwide study provides an overview of trends and variations in radiotherapy use as part of multimodal treatment of invasive non-metastatic breast cancer in the Netherlands in 2008-2019.

Materials And Methods: Women with invasive non-metastatic breast cancer were selected from the population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Treatments trends were presented over time.

NeRF-OR: neural radiance fields for operating room scene reconstruction from sparse-view RGB-D videos.

Purpose: RGB-D cameras in the operating room (OR) provide synchronized views of complex surgical scenes. Assimilation of this multi-view data into a unified representation allows for downstream tasks such as object detection and tracking, pose estimation, and action recognition. Neural radiance fields (NeRFs) can provide continuous representations of complex scenes with limited memory footprint.

Automatic virtual reconstruction of acetabular fractures using a statistical shape model.

Purpose: Automatic virtual reconstruction of complex fractures would be helpful for pre-operative surgical planning. We developed a statistical shape model (SSM) which contains data of 200 intact 3D hemipelves. It allows for quantification of shape differences and is able to reconstruct abnormal shaped pelvises.

Long term functioning with poor neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest.

Aim: Around six percent of comatose patients after cardiac arrest have a Cerebral Performance Categories score of three (CPC3) at six months after the arrest, classified as severe neurological disability. There is limited knowledge regarding the likelihood of further recovery in the cognitive, emotional, and quality of life domains. We aimed to estimate the probability of recovery towards independency.

A comparison of treatment allocation and survival between younger and older patients with HER2-overexpressing de novo metastatic breast cancer.

Introduction: There have been several developments in the treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. However, pivotal trials mainly included younger and healthier patients, resulting in a lack of information about the benefits and harms of treatment for most older patients. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the differences in treatment allocation and survival outcomes over time between younger and older patients with HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer.

Switching to external flows: perturbations of developing vasculature within chicken chorioallantoic membrane.

The impact of fluid flow shear stresses, generated by the movement of blood through vasculature, on the organization and maturation of vessels is widely recognized. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether external fluid flows outside of the vasculature in the surrounding tissue can similarly play a role in governing these processes. In this research, we introduce an innovative technique called superfusion-induced vascular steering (SIVS).

Ghrelin for Neuroprotection in Post-Cardiac Arrest Coma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates have markedly risen in the last decades, but neurological outcome only improved marginally. Despite research on more than 20 neuroprotective strategies involving patients in comas after cardiac arrest, none have demonstrated unequivocal evidence of efficacy; however, treatment with acyl-ghrelin has shown improved functional and histological brain recovery in experimental models of cardiac arrest and was safe in a wide variety of human study populations.

Objective: To determine safety and potential efficacy of intravenous acyl-ghrelin to improve neurological outcome in patients in a coma after cardiac arrest.

Mesh neural networks for SE(3)-equivariant hemodynamics estimation on the artery wall.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a valuable asset for patient-specific cardiovascular-disease diagnosis and prognosis, but its high computational demands hamper its adoption in practice. Machine-learning methods that estimate blood flow in individual patients could accelerate or replace CFD simulation to overcome these limitations. In this work, we consider the estimation of vector-valued quantities on the wall of three-dimensional geometric artery models.

Amide proton transfer weighted imaging in pediatric neuro-oncology: initial experience.

Amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) imaging enables in vivo assessment of tissue-bound mobile proteins and peptides through the detection of chemical exchange saturation transfer. Promising applications of APTw imaging have been shown in adult brain tumors. As pediatric brain tumors differ from their adult counterparts, we investigate the radiological appearance of pediatric brain tumors on APTw imaging.

Clinical decision support systems for multidisciplinary team decision-making in patients with solid cancer: Composition of an implementation model based on a scoping review.

Generating guideline-based recommendations during multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings in solid cancers is getting more complex due to increasing amount of information needed to follow the guidelines. Usage of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can simplify and optimize decision-making. However, CDSS implementation is lagging behind.

Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for capturing vessel wall motion: A phantom study for optimal image reconstruction.

Background: Reliably capturing sub-millimeter vessel wall motion over time, using dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography (4D CTA), might provide insight in biomechanical properties of these vessels. This may improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision making in vascular pathologies.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the most suitable image reconstruction method for 4D CTA to accurately assess harmonic diameter changes of vessels.

Prognostic effect of nodal status before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: a Dutch population-based study.

Purpose: In breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can downstage the nodal status, and can even result in a pathological complete response, which is associated with improved prognosis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic effect of nodal status before and after NAC.

Methods: Women with breast cancer treated with NAC were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry if diagnosed between 2005 and 2019, and classified based on nodal status before NAC: node-negative (cN0), or node-positive based on fine needle aspiration cytology or core needle biopsy (cN+).

The Material World of 3D-Bioprinted and Microfluidic-Chip Models of Human Liver Fibrosis.

Biomaterials are extensively used to mimic cell-matrix interactions, which are essential for cell growth, function, and differentiation. This is particularly relevant when developing in vitro disease models of organs rich in extracellular matrix, like the liver. Liver disease involves a chronic wound-healing response with formation of scar tissue known as fibrosis.

Role Preferences in Medical Decision Making: Relevance and Implications for Health Preference Research.

Health preference research (HPR) is being increasingly conducted to better understand patient preferences for medical decisions. However, patients vary in their desire to play an active role in medical decisions. Until now, few studies have considered patients' preferred roles in decision making.