Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Point-of-Care Ultrasonography Quality Criteria Checklist: An International Consensus Statement on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Imaging and Measurement.

Objectives: To standardize optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) and improve its research and clinical utility by developing the ONSD POCUS Quality Criteria Checklist (ONSD POCUS QCC).

Design: Three rounds of modified Delphi consensus process and three rounds of asynchronous discussions.

Setting: Online surveys and anonymous asynchronous discussion.

Risk factors for multimodal conservative approach failure before bariatric surgery.

Background: A multimodal conservative approach (MCA) is internationally recommended prior to bariatric surgery for the majority of patients. This research aimed to identify risk factors for therapy failure within the MCA.

Methods: This study was conducted in a German bariatric obesity centre.

The evolution of acute stroke care in Germany from 2019 to 2021: analysis of nation-wide administrative datasets.

Background: The treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) has changed considerably in recent years. Particularly the advent of mechanical thrombectomy (MTE) has revolutionized the available treatment options. Most patients in developed countries have access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

The potential role of astroglial GABA receptors in autoimmune encephalitis associated with GABA receptor antibodies and seizures.

The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory transmitter in the central nervous system and GABA receptors mediate the inhibitory synaptic transmission. GABA binding to neuronal GABA R leads to a rapid hyperpolarization and a higher excitation threshold due to an increase in membrane Cl permeability. The synaptic GABA R is mostly composed of two α(1-3), two β, and one γ subunit with the most abundant configuration α1β2γ2.

Sphincter-saving therapy for fistula-in-ano: long-term follow-up after FiLaC.

Background: The treatment of anal fistula remains a challenge between maintaining continence and radical surgery to prevent recurrence. Fistula-tract Laser Closure (FiLaC) is a sphincter-saving technique using a radial emitting laser fibre to close the fistula tract. The aim of this study was to report long-term outcomes in patients who received FiLaC therapy for transsphincteric and intersphincteric anal fistula between January 2011 and December 2017.

Review: Sex-Specific Aspects in the Bariatric Treatment of Severely Obese Women.

This systematic literature review aims to point out sex-specific special features that are important in the bariatric treatment of women suffering from severe obesity. A systematic literature search was carried out according to Cochrane and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. After the literature selection, the following categories were determined: sexuality and sexual function; contraception; fertility; sex hormones and polycystic ovary syndrome; menopause and osteoporosis; pregnancy and breastfeeding; pelvic floor disorders and urinary incontinence; female-specific cancer; and metabolism, outcome, and quality of life.

Prenatal Foetal Non-invasive ECG instead of Doppler CTG - A Better Alternative?

This study aimed to evaluate foetal signal quality obtained using an antenatal foetal ECG system (Monica 24™) and compare it with Doppler ultrasound CTG monitoring (Corometrics® 250 series). Seventy pregnant women (gestational age: between 20 + 0 weeks and 40 + 0 weeks) were examined using the Monica AN24™ system and also underwent Doppler CTG. The signal quality of both methods was compared and correlated with gestational age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Change of Spectral Analysis of Fetal Heart Rate During Clinical Hypnosis: a Prospective Randomised Trial from the 20th Week of Gestation Till Term.

To investigate the functional adaptive process of the fetal autonomic nervous system during hypnosis from the 20th week of gestation till term. Are there changes in the power spectrum analysis of fetal heart rate when the mother is having a clinical hypnosis or control period? Fourty-nine FHR recordings were analysed. Included recordings were from singletons and abdominal fetal ECG-monitored pregnancies.

Intra- and interobserver variability of intrapartum cardiotocography: a multicenter study comparing the FIGO classification with computer analysis software.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the computer analyzing software system with subjective interpretation using the FIGO classification of intrapartum cardiotocograms.

Methods: Twenty-four obstetricians and 19 midwives from 3 hospitals [19 junior (≤3 years) and 24 senior (>3 years) experience] participated in this study. Forty-three doctors and midwives interpreted intrapartum cardiotocographic (CTG) readings from 12 parturients without knowing the clinical outcome.

Comparison of non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram to Doppler cardiotocogram during the 1st stage of labor.

Objective: We compared a non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) to Doppler cardiotocogram (CTG) during the 1(st) stage of labor.

Study Design: This was a prospective observational study of non-invasive fECG using five abdominal electrodes and one Doppler ultrasound probe in 27 patients. Data were analyzed for reliability, clinical and statistical equivalence.

An inflamed necrotic appendix epiploicum with immediate contact to a non-inflamed appendix vermiformis: a case report.

Introduction: Epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of focal abdominal pain which, depending on its localisation, can mimic a variety of abdominal diseases. We describe a patient with an inflamed necrotic appendix epiploicum with immediate contact to a non-inflamed appendix vermiformis mimicking acute appendicitis. Considering the rare localization, this is the first report of this kind in the literature.

Surgical and medical emergencies on board European aircraft: a retrospective study of 10189 cases.

Introduction: In-flight medical and surgical emergencies (IMEs) onboard commercial aircrafts occur quite commonly. However, little epidemiological research exists concerning these incidents.

Methods: Thirty-two European airlines were asked to provide anonymous data on medical flight reports of IMEs for the years 2002 to 2007.

Cutaneous lesions of the external ear.

Skin diseases on the external aspect of the ear are seen in a variety of medical disciplines. Dermatologists, othorhinolaryngologists, general practitioners, general and plastic surgeons are regularly consulted regarding cutaneous lesions on the ear. This article will focus on those diseases wherefore surgery or laser therapy is considered as a possible treatment option or which are potentially subject to surgical evaluation.

Bilateral cheek-to-nose advancement flap: an alternative to the paramedian forehead flap for reconstruction of the nose.

Skin cancer on the nose is commonly treated with surgical excision resulting in defects that require closure. The surgeon is faced with many reconstructive options. The paramedian forehead flap is one commonly used technique.

Simultaneous ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome and adrenal metastasis of a medullary thyroid carcinoma causing paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome.

Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) constitute about 5 to 7 % of thyroid neoplasms. They originate from parafollicular C-cells which can secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and/or corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in abnormally high concentrations, potentially causing paraneoplastic Cushing's Syndrome (CS). We report on a 42-year-old male patient with a ten year history of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma suffering from paraneoplastic Cushing's Syndrome caused by ectopic hypersecretion of ACTH and a simultaneous Cortisol producing adrenal metastasis.

Epiploic appendagitis--clinical characteristics of an uncommon surgical diagnosis.

Background: Epiploic appendagitis (EA) is a rare cause of focal abdominal pain in otherwise healthy patients with mild or absent secondary signs of abdominal pathology. It can mimick diverticulitis or appendicitis on clinical exam. The diagnosis of EA is very infrequent, due in part to low or absent awareness among general surgeons.

Combination of surgical excision and custom designed silicon pressure splint therapy for keloids on the helical rim.

Keloids are defined as dermal fibrotic lesions which are considered an aberration of the wound healing process. Their etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Different treatment modalities are described in the literature depending on the morphology and size of the keloid.

Correction of the lobule.

Many techniques have been described for the correction of protruding ears. Most of them concentrate on correcting the form and position of auricular cartilage. The lobule is a soft tissue structure.

The modified converse technique in combination with cavum rotation.

We report our experiences in 210 patients with protruding ears who underwent a surgical correction of their deformity using a modified "Converse technique." The technique combines a posterior incomplete cartilage incision with permanent cartilage sutures and a cavum rotation if necessary. The described technique provides a good anterior width and normal relief, with shaped anthelix and crus superior, can be achieved.