Prolonged critical avalanche burial for nearly 23 h with severe hypothermia and severe frostbite with good recovery: a case report.

Background: Accidental hypothermia with severe frostbite is a rare combination of injuries with a high risk for long-term sequelae. There are widely accepted recommendations for the management of avalanche victims and for frostbite treatment, but no recommendation exists for the treatment of frostbite in severe hypothermic patients, specifically for the management of hypothermic avalanche victims presenting with frostbite.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a previously healthy, 53-year-old male skier who was critically buried by an avalanche at 2300 m of altitude at an ambient temperature of - 8 °C for nearly 23 h.

Endoscopic peroneus brevis tendon transfer for chronic ruptures of the Achilles tendon: surgical technique.

Chronic Achilles tendon rupture is usually defined as a rupture diagnosed 4-6 weeks after injury. The management of chronic Achilles tendon rupture (CATR) is a topic of hot debate, and no consensus has been achieved. Surgical management of CATR is recommended.

Hepatocyte growth factor as indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine mainly produced by mesenchymal cells. After endothelial damage by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), HGF is produced and released into the circulation in response. Due to this mechanism HGF has been proposed as possible clinical biomarker for clinical as well as subclinical atherosclerosis.

A Comprehensive Examination of Vegan Lifestyle in Italy.

The popularity of veganism and plant-based diets is rapidly increasing worldwide, including in Italy, where more individuals and families are adopting this lifestyle. However, medical and health professionals often lack the necessary knowledge and are skeptical about this diet despite the scientific evidence. It is important for them to provide support and expertise to those following this diet.

[New Sk2 guideline idiopathic posterior urethritis : Discussion of the current guideline using a case study].

Posterior urethritis is diagnosed in prepubertal or pubertal boys mainly with terminal asymptomatic haematuria or postmicturition blood spotting on the meatus or in the underwear. It presents with typical changes in the bulbar urethra (hyperaemia, oedema and denuded mucosa) without laboratory or radiological findings. The pathology is self-limiting with a very good prognosis.

Fostering Excellence in Knee Arthroplasty: Developing Optimal Patient Care Pathways and Inspiring Knowledge Transfer of Advanced Surgical Techniques.

Osteoarthritis of the knee is common. Early sports trauma or cartilage defects are risk factors for osteoarthritis. If conservative treatment fails, partial or total joint replacement is often performed.

Efficacy of ibuprofen and indomethacin as prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification: a comparative study.

The prophylactic action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in heterotopic ossification (HO) was first described following analgesic therapy with indomethacin. Following that evidence, several compounds have been successfully used for prophylaxes of HO. Ibuprofen has been also proposed for the prevention of HO following THA.

Is artificial intelligence ready to replace specialist doctors entirely? ENT specialists vs ChatGPT: 1-0, ball at the center.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate ChatGPT's responses to Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) clinical cases and compare them with the responses of ENT specialists.

Methods: We have hypothesized 10 scenarios, based on ENT daily experience, with the same primary symptom. We have constructed 20 clinical cases, 2 for each scenario.

Meniscectomy is associated with a higher rate of osteoarthritis compared to meniscal repair following acute tears: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Meniscal tears are common and may impair knee function and biomechanics. This meta-analysis compared meniscal repair versus resection in patients with symptomatic meniscal tears in terms of patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs), joint width, surgical failure, and rate of progression to osteoarthritis (OA) at conventional radiography.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Epidemiology of injuries in young volleyball athletes: a systematic review.

Background: Volleyball is among the five most popular sports in the world. Regardless of level and age, volleyball athletes perform fast high-impact movements such as jumps, landings, and changes in direction, demanding motor and sensory skills to avoid injuries. The available scientific literature provides information regarding the incidence of injuries in volleyball, but the evidence of injuries in young volleyball athletes (12-18 years old) is not well defined.

Demographic characteristics influencing the stem subsidence in total hip arthroplasty: an imaging study.

Introduction: The present study evaluated whether patient demographic characteristics influence the subsidence of the stem in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The following characteristics were evaluated: age, height, weight, and sex. The association between the time elapsed from the THA implantation and the amount of stem subsidence was also investigated.

Pharmacological agents for bone fracture healing: talking points from recent clinical trials.

Introduction: Pharmacological strategies might influence bone healing in terms of time to union or quality of mature bone. This expert opinion discussed the current level I evidence on the experimental pharmacological agents used to favor bone fracture healing.

Areas Covered: This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Risk factors for liner wear and head migration in total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a successful orthopaedic surgical procedure, and its longevity depends on bearing components and implant fixation. Optimizing polyethylene and ceramics has led to improved wear parameters and contributed to improved long-term outcomes. The present systematic review investigated whether time span from implantation, patient characteristics and performance status exert an influence on liner wear and head migration in THA.

Is Robotic Assisted Colorectal Cancer Surgery Equivalent Compared to Laparoscopic Procedures during the Introduction of a Robotic Program? A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis.

Background: Robotic surgery represents a novel approach for the treatment of colorectal cancers and has been established as an important and effective method over the last years. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of a robotic program on oncological findings compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery within the first three years after the introduction.

Methods: All colorectal cancer patients from two centers that either received robotic-assisted or conventional laparoscopic surgery were included in a comparative study.

Short- and Long-Term Outcome of Laparoscopic- versus Robotic-Assisted Right Colectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is a rapidly growing literature available on right hemicolectomy comparing the short- and long-term outcomes of robotic right colectomy (RRC) to that of laparoscopic right colectomy (LRC). The aim of this meta-analysis is to revise current comparative literature systematically. Methods: A systematic review of comparative studies published between 2000 to 2021 in PubMed, Scopus and Embase was performed.

On the recovery of disorders of consciousness under intrathecal baclofen administration for severe spasticity-An observational study.

Background: Occasionally, patients show dramatic recovery from disorders of consciousness (DOC) under intrathecal baclofen (ITB), an established treatment option for severe supraspinal spasticity. Anecdotal explanations for ITB-related recovery of cognition include modulation of afferent impulses at the spinal level, thereby reducing spasticity-related proprioceptive information overload within cortico-thalamo-cortical connections.

Objective: In this retrospective patient chart analysis, we assessed whether a reduction in spasticity would be associated with an increase in Coma Recovery Scale revised (CRS-R) scores in a larger sample of patients than previously published.

Incidence and risk factors for umbilical incisional hernia after reduced port colorectal surgery (SIL + 1 additional port)-is an umbilical midline approach really a problem?

Purpose: Umbilical midline incisions for single incision- or reduced port laparoscopic surgery are still discussed controversially because of a higher rate of incisional hernia compared to conventional laparoscopic techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate incidence and risk factors for incisional hernia after reduced port colorectal surgery.

Methods: A total 241 patients underwent elective reduced port colorectal surgery between 2014 and 2020.

Delayed diagnosed trauma in severely injured patients despite guidelines-oriented emergency room treatment: there is still a risk.

Purpose: Emergency trauma room treatment follows established algorithms such as ATLS®. Nevertheless, there are injuries that are not immediately recognized here. The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual risk for manifesting life-threatening injuries despite strict adherence to trauma room guidelines, which is different to missed injuries that describe recognizable injuries.

A Method for the Evaluation of Early Osseointegration of Implant Materials Ex Vivo: Human Bone Organ Model.

In the present work, an ex vivo organ model using human bone (explant) was developed for the evaluation of the initial osseointegration behavior of implant materials. The model was tested with additive manufactured Ti6Al4V test substrates with different 3D geometries. Explants were obtained from patients who underwent total knee replacement surgery.

Pelvic antropometric measurement in 3D CT for placement of two unilateral iliosacral S1 - 7.3 mm screws.

Purpose: Stability of the dorsal pelvic ring is important for patient mobilisation and can be restored using several surgical procedures after fracture. Placement of percutaneous iliosacral screws is a reliable and minimal-invasive technique to achieve stabilisation of the dorsal pelvic ring by placement of two screws in the first sacral vertebra. Aim of this study was to evaluate 3D CT scans regarding the anatomical possibility to place two 7.

Low complication rate and better results for intramedullary nail - arthrodesis for infected knee joints compared to external fixator-a series of one hundred fifty two patients.

Purpose: Arthrodesis of the knee joint is still a salvage procedure after recurrent prosthetic joint infections (PJI) of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) with substantial bone loss and seems to be a good solution to avoid amputation. Until now, intramedullary arthrodesis has increasingly been performed; no study has yet been published to compare these techniques after septic removal of TKA in terms of functional assessment and quality of daily life.

Methods: In a single-centre retrospective setting, clinical and radiographic evaluation of consecutive patients after knee arthrodesis using intramedullary and external fixation for infected knee joints was performed.

No Evidence That Cognitive and Physical Activities Are Related to Changes in EEG Markers of Cognition in Older Adults at Risk of Dementia.

An active lifestyle as well as cognitive and physical training (PT) may benefit cognition by increasing cognitive reserve, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of this reserve capacity are not well understood. To investigate these mechanisms of cognitive reserve, we focused on electrophysiological correlates of cognitive performance, namely on an event-related measure of auditory memory and on a measure of global coherence. Both measures have shown to be sensitive markers for cognition and might therefore be suitable to investigate potential training- and lifestyle-related changes.

Skeletal muscle index is an independent predictor of early recurrence in non-obese colon cancer patients.

Purpose: Progressive loss (sarcopenia) and fatty infiltration of muscle mass (myosteatosis) are well-established risk factors for an adverse clinical outcome in obese patients. Data concerning non-obese sarcopenic patients in oncologic surgery are scarce and heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of sarcopenia and myosteatosis in non-obese patients with cancer of the right colon on clinical outcome.

Viscoelasticity and histology of the human cartilage in healthy and degenerated conditions of the knee.

Background: There are many studies on osteoarthritis, but only a few studies deal with human arthrosis, comparing the mechanical properties of healthy and diseased samples. In most of these studies, only isolated areas of the tibia are examined. There is currently only one study investigating the complete mapping of cartilage tissue but not the difference between instantaneous modulus (IM) in healthy and diseased samples.