Common hepatic artery aneurysm detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging.

Hepatic artery aneurysm (HAA) is a rare, yet clinically important, condition. While the causes of HAA are poorly understood, it is estimated that mortality following spontaneous rupture is as high as 40%. We discuss the case of a 77-year-old man who presented to our hospital due to a 10 mm pulmonary lesion in the left lower lung lobe, which was identified by a computed tomography scan of the lung at another institution.

Simultaneous quantification of bone erosions and enthesiophytes in the joints of patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis - effects of age and disease duration.

Background: Comprehensive simultaneous quantification of bone erosion and enthesiophytes in the joints of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has not been performed. Herein, we aimed to compare the extent of bone erosion and enthesiophytes in patients with PsA, psoriasis (PSO) and healthy controls, assess the influence of age and disease duration on the development of erosions and enthesiophytes and define their impact on physical function.

Methods: Patients with PsA or with PSO and controls were analysed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).

A comparative analysis of articular bone in large cohort of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints, the gut and the skin.

Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with bone loss. While the occurrence of systemic bone loss is well described in chronic inflammatory diseases, the impact of these conditions on articular bone has not been systematically investigated. Recent refinements in high-resolution CT assessment of the joints now allow the accurate measure of articular bone composition.

Methods for segmentation of rheumatoid arthritis bone erosions in high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).

Objective: The comparison between different techniques to quantify the 3-dimensional size of inflammatory bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients.

Methods: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody(ACPA) positive RA patients received high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans of the metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP). Erosions were measured by three different segmentation techniques: (1) manual method with calculation by half-ellipsoid formula, (2) semi-automated modified Evaluation Script for Erosions (mESE), and (3) semi-automated Medical Image Analysis Framework (MIAF) software.

Evaluation of the Cardiac Morphologic Alterations Secondary to Autoimmune Thyroid Disorder Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: Thyroid functional disease is associated with clinically significant cardiovascular changes. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITs).

Materials And Methods: Forty patients with AIT (12 men, 28 women; age range, 20 to 82 y; mean age, 59 y) were identified and included in our study.

Fractal analysis of subchondral bone changes of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disorder. Conventional radiography, a widely available and cost-effective examination method, remains the standard of reference for the detection and quantification of joint involvement in RA. Fractal dimension (FD) of the trabecular bone structure has been proven to correlate with the bone's physical properties.

Characteristics of incidentally found thyroid nodules in computed tomography: comparison with thyroid scintigraphy.

Background: In our daily experience, the differentiation between a cold and hot nodule is a very important factor for further clinical management of the patient. In this study, we compared the characteristics of incidentally found thyroid nodules detected on computed tomography (CT) to thyroid scintigraphy (TS).

Methods: Diagnostic reports from chest CT with intravenous contrast and TS examinations performed from January 2013 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.

Circulating microRNA Signatures in Patients With Idiopathic and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures.

Context: Established bone turnover markers do not reflect fracture risk in idiopathic male and premenopausal osteoporosis and the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in these patients is currently unclear. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and bone tissue homeostasis. They are considered a new class of endocrine regulators with promising potential as biomarkers.

Age- and Sex-Dependent Changes of Intra-articular Cortical and Trabecular Bone Structure and the Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to define normal sex- and age-dependent values of intra-articular bone mass and microstructures in the metacarpal heads of healthy individuals by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and test the effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on these parameters. Human cadaveric metacarpal heads were used to exactly define intra-articular bone. Healthy individuals of different sex and age categories and RA patients with similar age and sex distribution received HR-pQCT scans of the second metacarpal head and the radius.

Image fusion between 18F-FDG PET and MRI in cardiac sarcoidosis: A case series.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder of unknown etiology. It is distinguished by the presence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas. This study demonstrates the use of image fusion between (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS).

Analysis of the Metabolic and Structural Brain Changes in Patients With Torture-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (TR-PTSD) Using ¹⁸F-FDG PET and MRI.

Many people exposed to torture later suffer from torture-related post-traumatic stress disorder (TR-PTSD). The aim of this study was to analyze the morphologic and functional brain changes in patients with TR-PTSD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). This study evaluated 19 subjects.

Subclinical joint inflammation in patients with psoriasis without concomitant psoriatic arthritis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.

Objectives: To search for subclinical inflammatory joint disease in patients with psoriasis without psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to determine whether such changes are associated with the later development of PsA.

Methods: Eighty-five subjects without arthritis (55 with psoriasis and 30 healthy controls) received high field MRI of the hand. MRI scans were scored for synovitis, osteitis, tenosynovitis and periarticular inflammation according to the PsAMRIS method.

Acoustic Structure Quantification Analysis of the Thyroid in Patients with Diffuse Autoimmune Thyroid Disease.

The aim of this study was to assess whether acoustic structure quantification (ASQ) can differentiate normal from pathological thyroid parenchyma in patients with diffuse autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). We evaluated 83 subjects (72 [87%] women and 11 [13%] men) aged 19 to 94 years with a mean age of 53 years. We performed a prospective study (from March 2011 to November 2014) that included 43 (52%) patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT), 22 (26%) patients with Graves' disease (GD), and 18 (22%) healthy volunteers.

Quantitative and Qualitative Changes of Bone in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by periarticular bone loss and new bone formation. Current data regarding systemic bone loss and bone mineral density (BMD) in PsA are conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone microstructure and volumetric BMD (vBMD) in patients with PsA and psoriasis.

Analysis of periarticular bone changes in patients with cutaneous psoriasis without associated psoriatic arthritis.

Objectives: To search for structural bone changes in the joints of psoriasis patients without psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods: 55 psoriasis patients without any current or past symptoms of arthritis or enthesitis and 47 healthy controls were examined by high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT scans of the metacarpophalangeal joints. Number, size and exact localisation of erosions and enthesiophytes were recorded by analysing axial scans of the metacarpal heads and phalangeal bases and were confirmed in additional coronal and/or sagittal sections.

Sclerostin levels and changes in bone metabolism after bariatric surgery.

Context: The role of sclerostin as a key regulator of bone formation remains unknown after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Objectives: The study objectives were evaluation of sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) serum levels after surgery and correlations with bone turnover markers (P1NP, CTX), parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and areal bone mineral density (BMD), changes at total body, lumbar spine and total hip.

Design And Setting: This was a prospective observational single-center two-arm study in premenopausal women with acute adipositas over 24 months.

Biological agents in psoriatic arthritis.

Anti-tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) are effective drugs for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) regarding reduction of pain and inflammation, enthesitis, dactylitis, as well as psoriatic skin and nail disease. Moreover, radiographic progression in PsA is decelerated. The efficacy of anti-TNFs seems to be independent of synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, suggesting only a minor role of combination therapy in PsA.

Radiological diagnosis of dialysis-associated complications.

In daily clinical practice, the radiologist in the context of diagnosis often faces dialysis-associated complications. The complications are numerous and range from infections, catheter dysfunctions, haematomas, cardiovascular diseases, digital ischaemia, and pseudoaneurysms to shunt stenosis. In this pictorial essay, we take a close look at the imaging diagnostics of the most common complications in dialysis patients.

Oncocytic adenomas of thyroid-mimicking benign or metastatic disease on 18F-FDG-PET scan.

Background: The literature is sparse concerning 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) accumulation in the Hürthle cell neoplasm (HCN) of the thyroid. Given the difficulty of accurately diagnosing HCN, even with ultrasound (US) and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), the ability to accurately characterize these lesions by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) would be of value.

Purpose: To describe six cases of oncocytic proliferation in the thyroid gland that mimics the presence of metastatic disease and was detected incidentally by an 18F-FDG PET scan.

Serum sclerostin levels are decreased in adult patients with different types of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Context: There are no specific biochemical bone markers available for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and the role of sclerostin as a key regulator of bone formation in OI is unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the role of sclerostin and its association with bone turnover markers as well as body composition parameters in adult patients with different types of OI.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a case-control study in 27 adult patients and 50 healthy age- and gender-matched controls.

Decreased quantity and quality of the periarticular and nonperiarticular bone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional HR-pQCT study.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly bone destructive disease. Although it is well established that RA leads to bone loss and increased fracture risk, current knowledge on the microstructural changes of bone in RA is still limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the microstructure of periarticular and nonperiarticular bone in female and male RA patients and compare it with respective healthy controls.

An incidentally found inflamed uterine myoma causing low abdominal pain, using Tc-99m-tektrotyd single photon emission computed tomography-CT hybrid imaging.

We report the case of a 50-year-old woman presented with a history of right hemicolectomy due to an ileocecal neuroendocrine tumor and left breast metastasis. Owing to a slightly elevated chromogranin A-level and lower abdominal pain, single photon emission computed tomography-computer tomography (SPECT-CT) was performed. There were no signs of recurrence on the SPECT-CT scan, but the patient was incidentally found to have an inflamed intramural myoma.

Differences in bone structure between rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis patients relative to autoantibody positivity.

Objective: To investigate whether trabecular and cortical bone structure differ between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). So far, no study has performed a detailed comparative analysis of bone structure in patients with RA and PsA.

Methods: 110 patients (60 RA, 50 PsA) received high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT of the distal radius.