Achievements, priorities and strategies in pediatric nephrology in Europe: need for unifying approaches or acceptance of differences?

Background: There is a lack of information on the current healthcare systems for children with kidney diseases across Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the different national approaches to the organization and delivery of pediatric nephrology services within Europe.

Methods: In 2020, the European society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify the existing pediatric nephrology healthcare systems in 48 European countries covering a population of more than 200 million children.

Cerebral vein thrombosis: management tactics with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy and assisted reproductive technologies.

Cerebral vein thrombosis is a rare, life-threatening condition that has now become more commonly diagnosed due to advancements in imaging techniques. Our purpose is to improve understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis and pregnancy and IVF management in patients with a history of cerebral thrombosis. We present an overview of the modern tactics of anticoagulant therapy for cerebral thrombosis with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy, and assisted reproductive technologies.

Classification of non-TCGA cancer samples to TCGA molecular subtypes using compact feature sets.

Molecular subtypes, such as defined by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), delineate a cancer's underlying biology, bringing hope to inform a patient's prognosis and treatment plan. However, most approaches used in the discovery of subtypes are not suitable for assigning subtype labels to new cancer specimens from other studies or clinical trials. Here, we address this barrier by applying five different machine learning approaches to multi-omic data from 8,791 TCGA tumor samples comprising 106 subtypes from 26 different cancer cohorts to build models based upon small numbers of features that can classify new samples into previously defined TCGA molecular subtypes-a step toward molecular subtype application in the clinic.

Unrecognized Inter-Coronary Communication in a Case of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Inter-coronary communication is a rare congenital anomaly, defined as a connection between two patent coronary arteries, and was first described in 1972. We report the case of a 61-year-old Emirati female who presented to the emergency department with chest pain and palpitations, along with a strong family history of cardiac disease. She was initially diagnosed with indolent hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and accordingly managed; however, the patient remained symptomatic.

A Case Study of Aberrant Aortic Origin of the Right Coronary Artery.

This case report examines a rare cardiovascular abnormality, the Aberrant Aortic Origin of the Right Coronary Artery (AAORCA), in a 75-year-old patient with a history of myocardial infarction, acute renal injury, and cardiogenic shock. Rapid medical intervention, including coronary angioplasty, demonstrated the significance of prompt care. Chronic issues, including tobacco use and left ventricular dysfunction, complicated matters, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive long- term therapy.

Next Generation Phenotyping and Synthetic Faces in Coffin Siris Syndrome.

Diagnostic wandering and delayed management are major issues in rare diseases. Here, we report a new Next-Generation Phenotyping (NGP) model for diagnosing Coffin Siris syndrome (CSS) on clinical photographs among controls and distinguish the different genotypes. This retrospective and prospective study, conducted from 1998 to 2023, included frontal and lateral pictures of confirmed CSS.

STUDY OF ORBITAL NEOPLASMS BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PROCEDURE.

The neoplasms of the organ of vision are characterized by significant polymorphism, which is due to the histological diversity of the structures in the eye socket. Almost all types of neoplasms described in humans are found in the orbit. The study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with tumors in the eyeball and the eye socket, as well as to determine the superiority of the MRI procedure compared to other instrumental methods of research.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBINED SURGICAL AND HORMONAL THERAPY IN TREATMENT OF ENDOMETRIOMAS.

Introduction: Endometrial cyst, or endometrioma, is a specific form of endometriosis that often reveals with severe symptoms and requires ongoing treatment. High rate of recurrence after surgical intervention presents a significant challenge in the management of this disease.

Aim Of The Study: Aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of combined therapy (surgical and hormonal) of endometrioma in terms of development of recurrences, the rate of pregnancy and change in pain intensity.

Efficacy of Flow Diverters in Managing Multiple Aneurysms: A Clinical Case Report.

Brain aneurysms, also known as cerebral aneurysms, are the growths of the parent artery. Based on their shape, aneurysms can be categorized as saccular or non-saccular. Several factors have been linked to multiple brain aneurysms but the most prevalent is arterial hypertension.

Insights into diagnostic difficulties in spinal muscular atrophy: a Case Report series.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in , with disease severity influenced by the number of copies. Although SMA is one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders, molecular diagnosis still presents challenges. We present a case series illustrating the variable clinical presentations and diagnostic complexities of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Design and rationale of the eLym™ System for Decompensation of Excess Lymphatic Fluid via the Thoracic Duct in Acute Heart Failure (DELTA-HF).

Aims: The interstitial space is the major compartment in which the excess fluid is located, forming peripheral congestion in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). The lymphatic system is responsible for the constant drainage of the compartment. In ADHF, the inefficiency of this system causes extravascular fluid accumulation, underscoring the crucial role of lymphatic system failure in ADHF's pathophysiology.

Pseudo-Pseudo Meigs' Syndrome in a 40-Year-Old Woman Without a Prior Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosis.

Pseudo-pseudo Meigs' syndrome (PPMS), also known as Tjalma syndrome, is an exceptionally rare condition marked by pleural effusion, ascites, and elevated CA-125 levels, usually in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without any associated ovarian tumors. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who presented with a four-month history of fatigue, nausea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and pleural effusion. Initial diagnostic workup revealed ascites, elevated CA-125 levels, and pleural effusions, with no evidence of malignancy.

Molecular Biology of Cancer-Interplay of Malignant Cells with Emerging Therapies.

Cancer is currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and according to data from the World Health Organization reported in 2020, it ranks as the second leading cause of death globally, accounting for 10 million fatalities [...

Diagnostic Performance of Clinical and Routine Laboratory Data in Acute Mesenteric Arterial Occlusion-An International Multicenter Study.

Background: There are no clinical or laboratory markers that can diagnose acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) accurately. This study aimed to find differences in clinical and laboratory markers between arterial occlusive AMI and other acute abdominal diseases where AMI was initially suspected.

Methods: This was a post hoc study of an international prospective multicenter study where data on patients with suspected AMI were collected.

Resilience of primary healthcare facilities: Experiences from 16 European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-methods study conducted by EURIPA.

Background: The role of primary healthcare (PHC) during a pandemic varies across European countries. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has altered the working practices of family medicine doctors and impacted the resilience of healthcare systems.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine European healthcare system responses to the pandemic, focusing on rural and urban differences.

Prime suspect or collective responsibility: Impact of specific lymph node station dissection on short- and long-term outcomes among locally advanced gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Lymphatic route is the main pathway for gastric cancer (GC) spread, and lymph node (LN) involvement is a major prognostic factor after curative resection. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of specific LN station dissection.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced (cT2-4N0-3M0) GC who underwent multimodal treatment between 2013 and 2023 were included in the study.

Efficacy of CycloMesh™+Ropivacaine in the treatment of uncomplicated inguinal hernia after the Lichtenstein procedure: Results of a prospective multicentric double-blind study.

Background: Twenty to 30% of patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery (20 million patients per year worldwide) present early postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to assess the interest of a mesh (CycloMesh™, Cousin Biotech) soaked with ropivacaine for managing early postoperative pain.

Materials And Methods: This was a randomized, phase III, comparative superiority, double-blind, international multicenter study.

Empowering cancer prevention with AI: unlocking new frontiers in prediction, diagnosis, and intervention.

Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing our world at an exponential rate and its transformative power has extensively reached important sectors like healthcare. In the fight against cancer, AI proved to be a novel and powerful tool, offering new hope for prevention and early detection. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the medical applications of AI, including early cancer detection through pathological and imaging analysis, risk stratification, patient triage, and the development of personalized prevention approaches.

Evaluating the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (sTREM-1) in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and Sepsis in Adults.

Introduction: Sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are significant concerns in intensive care units and contribute significantly to patient mortality. Traditional diagnostic markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) often lack the sensitivity and specificity needed for early diagnosis and prognosis. Consequently, more reliable biomarkers are needed.

Preventing epileptogenesis by interaction between inositol isomers and proteins.

Objective: Inositols play significant roles in biological systems. Myo-inositol (MI), the most prevalent isomer, functions as an osmolyte and mediates cell signal transduction. Other notable isomers include Scyllo-inositol (SCI) and D-Chiro-inositol (DCHI).

Successfully Managed Toxic Megacolon Due to Clostridium difficile Infection in a Pheochromocytoma Patient Complicated by Cardiogenic and Septic Shock: A Case Report.

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in both the frequency and severity of colitis. This infection presents a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic colonization to severe fulminant colitis, which often requires urgent surgical intervention. The failure of medical treatments and the development of toxic megacolon typically necessitate surgery, though it is associated with high mortality rates.

Can Severe Uremia Impact Mortality Predictors in Elderly People With Kidney Failure?

Numerous studies have shown that dialysis may not be as beneficial to elderly, frail patients with chronic kidney failure and multiple comorbidities as comprehensive conservative therapy (CCT) and that dialysis may worsen the quality of life (QOL), increase hospitalization rates, and cause a significant decline in functional status. Several mortality predictors have been proposed to determine which patients would benefit more from CCT or dialysis. We estimated the short-term risk of death in an 81-year-old male patient with kidney failure and highly severe frailty using the REIN score, a dependable risk prediction model proposed by the European Renal Best Practice Group for the prediction of short-term risk mortality.

Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma With Eosinophilia of the Thyroid: A Rare Case From Georgia and a Comprehensive Literature Review.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a rare thyroid malignancy typically linked to chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. We present the first documented case of SMECE in Georgia, involving a 41-year-old woman with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. A 16 mm hypoechoic thyroid nodule was detected on routine ultrasound, and fine needle aspiration categorized it as Bethesda V.

Oscillatory traveling waves provide evidence for predictive coding abnormalities in schizophrenia.

Background: The computational mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders are hotly debated. One hypothesis, grounded in the Bayesian predictive coding framework, proposes that schizophrenia patients have abnormalities in encoding prior beliefs about the environment, resulting in abnormal sensory inference, which can explain core aspects of the psychopathology, such as some of its symptoms.

Methods: Here, we tested this hypothesis by identifying oscillatory traveling waves as neural signatures of predictive coding.

Atypical Cases of Leptospirosis: Insights From Georgia.

Pathogenic species are the source of leptospirosis, a common zoonotic infection that can cause a wide range of clinical manifestations, from minor flu-like symptoms to severe multiorgan failure. We present two peculiar cases of leptospirosis; they highlight the need for clinical awareness to improve patient outcomes and further knowledge of leptospirosis epidemiology and therapy by illuminating the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The first case involved a 30-year-old male presented with jaundice.