ClustAll: An R package for patient stratification in complex diseases.

In the era of precision medicine, it is necessary to understand heterogeneity among patients with complex diseases to improve personalized prevention and management strategies. Here, we introduce ClustAll, a Bioconductor package designed for unsupervised patient stratification using clinical data. ClustAll is based on the previously validated methodology ClustAll, a clustering framework that effectively handles intricacies in clinical data, including mixed data types, missing values, and collinearity.

Neurobiological Correlates of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: Remodelling and Plasticity of Nociceptive and Autonomic Innervations in Synovial Joints.

Swelling, stiffness, and pain in synovial joints are primary hallmarks of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Hyperactivity of nociceptors and excessive release of inflammatory factors and pain mediators play a crucial role, with emerging data suggesting extensive remodelling and plasticity of joint innervations. Herein, we review structural, functional, and molecular alterations in sensory and autonomic axons wiring arthritic joints and revisit mechanisms implicated in the sensitization of nociceptors, leading to chronic pain.

CRISPR CLIP: comprehensive reviews on interventional studies using precision recombinant technologies: clinical landmarks, implications, and prospects.

To consolidate clinical trials that utilized the CRISPR technology to synthesise cures for various genetic diseases as a means to provide a window into the progress made so far while paving the way forward for future research and practices. Systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42023479511). Trials from seven databases' (ClinicalTrials.

The Frequency and Incidence of QT Prolongation with Extended Use of Bedaquiline or Delamanid in a Large, Multi-Country MDR/RR-TB Cohort.

Background: The 2022 WHO guidelines on multi-drug/rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) recommend six months of bedaquiline (Bdq) in the all-oral 9-month shorter regimen and six months or longer for Bdq and delamanid (Dlm) in the 18-20-month longer regimen. However, lack of evidence on extended treatment using Bdq or Dlm has limited their use to six months. We examine the frequency and incidence of QT prolongation based on duration of Bdq and/or Dlm use in longer regimens.

Evaluating the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (sTREM-1) in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and Sepsis in Adults.

Introduction: Sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are significant concerns in intensive care units and contribute significantly to patient mortality. Traditional diagnostic markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) often lack the sensitivity and specificity needed for early diagnosis and prognosis. Consequently, more reliable biomarkers are needed.

A new species of Metopeurum Mordvilko, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from the Transcaucasus, with a key to the species of this genus.

The new aphid species Metopeurum caucasicum sp. nov. living on Achillea millefolium and five species of Tanacetum, namely T.

Two new species of Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola: Tomoceridae) from Georgia and Iran.

Plutomurus weinerae sp. nov. from Usholta Cave, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region, Georgia, and P.

Preventing epileptogenesis by interaction between inositol isomers and proteins.

Objective: Inositols play significant roles in biological systems. Myo-inositol (MI), the most prevalent isomer, functions as an osmolyte and mediates cell signal transduction. Other notable isomers include Scyllo-inositol (SCI) and D-Chiro-inositol (DCHI).

"The doctors were more knowledgeable about what I had": patient views on the value of point-of-care tests for managing respiratory infections in European primary care.

Background: Point-of-care tests (POCT) can support diagnosis of patients with community acquired acute respiratory tract infections (CA-RTI) in primary care and thereby reduce uncertainty whether antibiotics may benefit patients. However, successful roll out of POCTs need to be built on a deep understanding of patients' perspectives on the place of POCTs in patient centred care.

Aim: To explore patients' perceptions of the value of POCTs during consultations for CA-RTI.

Successfully Managed Toxic Megacolon Due to Clostridium difficile Infection in a Pheochromocytoma Patient Complicated by Cardiogenic and Septic Shock: A Case Report.

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in both the frequency and severity of colitis. This infection presents a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic colonization to severe fulminant colitis, which often requires urgent surgical intervention. The failure of medical treatments and the development of toxic megacolon typically necessitate surgery, though it is associated with high mortality rates.

Can Severe Uremia Impact Mortality Predictors in Elderly People With Kidney Failure?

Numerous studies have shown that dialysis may not be as beneficial to elderly, frail patients with chronic kidney failure and multiple comorbidities as comprehensive conservative therapy (CCT) and that dialysis may worsen the quality of life (QOL), increase hospitalization rates, and cause a significant decline in functional status. Several mortality predictors have been proposed to determine which patients would benefit more from CCT or dialysis. We estimated the short-term risk of death in an 81-year-old male patient with kidney failure and highly severe frailty using the REIN score, a dependable risk prediction model proposed by the European Renal Best Practice Group for the prediction of short-term risk mortality.

Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma With Eosinophilia of the Thyroid: A Rare Case From Georgia and a Comprehensive Literature Review.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a rare thyroid malignancy typically linked to chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. We present the first documented case of SMECE in Georgia, involving a 41-year-old woman with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. A 16 mm hypoechoic thyroid nodule was detected on routine ultrasound, and fine needle aspiration categorized it as Bethesda V.

Coronary Artery Disease Empowerment Scale (CADES): Persian translation and psychometric properties.

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of global mortality and a prevalent health issue in Iran. Assessing the empowerment of CAD patients during treatment and care is essential. However, no scale is available to measure empowerment in CAD patients in Iran.

Oscillatory traveling waves provide evidence for predictive coding abnormalities in schizophrenia.

Background: The computational mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders are hotly debated. One hypothesis, grounded in the Bayesian predictive coding framework, proposes that schizophrenia patients have abnormalities in encoding prior beliefs about the environment, resulting in abnormal sensory inference, which can explain core aspects of the psychopathology, such as some of its symptoms.

Methods: Here, we tested this hypothesis by identifying oscillatory traveling waves as neural signatures of predictive coding.

Atypical Cases of Leptospirosis: Insights From Georgia.

Pathogenic species are the source of leptospirosis, a common zoonotic infection that can cause a wide range of clinical manifestations, from minor flu-like symptoms to severe multiorgan failure. We present two peculiar cases of leptospirosis; they highlight the need for clinical awareness to improve patient outcomes and further knowledge of leptospirosis epidemiology and therapy by illuminating the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The first case involved a 30-year-old male presented with jaundice.