Phage M198 and Its Therapeutic Potential.

The rapid worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance is quickly becoming an increasingly concerning problem for human healthcare. Non-antibiotic antibacterial agents are in high demand for many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, including . -targeting phages are among the most promising alternative therapy options.

The Status of Wild Grapevine ( L. subsp. (C.C. Gmel.) Hegi) Populations in Georgia (South Caucasus).

Repeated expeditions across various regions of Georgia in the early 2000s led to the identification of 434 wild grapevine individuals ( L. subsp. (C.

Stridulating Species of Aphids of the Genus (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with Descriptions of a New Species from Iran.

In this paper, we present a review of stridulating species of aphids of the Macrosiphini genus (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and include 13 species. The most characteristic feature of the reviewed species is the presence of unusual aphids' peg-like sensilla distributed on the hind tibia, which are rubbed against the surface of the siphunculi. A new aphid species-, living on and (Campanulaceae) in Iran-is described and illustrated based on the apterous and alate viviparous females.

Exosomal Liquid Biopsy in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response.

Prostate cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men, often presents challenges in accurate diagnosis and effective monitoring. This systematic review explores the potential of exosomal biomolecules as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response of prostate cancer. A thorough systematic literature search through online public databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science) using structured search terms and screening using predefined eligibility criteria resulted in 137 studies that we analyzed in this systematic review.

Characteristics of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and their association with treatment outcomes: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: There are few data on the treatment of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis, especially with more recently available drugs and regimens. We aimed to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics and their associations with treatment outcomes in this susceptible population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WITH BIOLOGICAL DRUGS IN GEORGIA.

Aim: This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of treatment with biological drugs-specifically infliximab, adalimumab, and rituximab-both as monotherapy and in combination therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, we will identify the factors that influence this process.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (DAS28 > 3.

LONG-LASTING EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL DYSFUNCTION OF THE BRAIN MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM ON LEARNING AND MEMORY AND ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS.

Aim: The present investigation aimed to explore in rats the early postnatal dysfunction of the brain muscarinic cholinergic system (EPDMChS) during the most vulnerable period of postnatal development, as the possible main factor for changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and disorders in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.

Methods: White inbred rats (n=15 in each group) were used. EPDMCHS was produced by a new method, which includes early postnatal blocking of M1-M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat pups, using subcutaneous injection of Scopolamine during postnatal days 7-28.

IMPORTANCE AND URGENCY OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES OF COMPLICATIONS IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS - LITERATURE REVIEW.

During orthodontic treatment patients' oral condition changes, thus influencing the overall health. Therefore, the treatment approaches require regular revision and updates to new guidelines. This literature review aims to analyse the oral health status in orthodontic patients focusing on the importance and urgency of treatment, preventive approaches to complications, and effects of the appliances on the oral biome.

APPLICATION OF ULTRASOUND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PROCESSING OF HISTOLOGICAL MATERIAL.

Aim Of Study: The pathological examination is one of the longest in the list of medical tests. Most of this time is spent on preparation for the slide. In addition, part of the chemical reagents needed for processing is not safe for the environment and the personal working in the laboratory.

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS AND CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES IN THE GEORGIAN PATIENT WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of anti-inflammatory biological drugs (adalimumab, infliximab and rituximab) on the cardiovascular system during the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Involved in research 70 women aged 18 to 60 years with a confirmed diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (diagnosis confirmed by the American College of Rheumatology 2010 (ACR) and European League of Rheumatology (EULAR) classification criteria). Patients on standard treatment and biological drugs were divided into 3 groups, and the third group was divided into two subgroups.

PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SST2 IN HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION, A BIOMARKER OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY AND REHOSPITALIZATION.

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) poses a substantial burden on healthcare systems and society, necessitating effective diagnostic tools for enhanced patient management. The soluble suppression of tumorigenesis 2 protein (Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenesis 2 (sST2)) has emerged as a promising biomarker linked to cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. This study investigates Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenesis 2 (sST2)'s potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for chronic heart failure (CHF) and explores its clinical utility in predicting outcomes.

Awake Craniotomy in Neurosurgery: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Most-Cited Articles and Review of Technological Advancements.

Awake craniotomy (AC) is a critical neurosurgical technique for maximizing tumor resection in eloquent brain regions while preserving essential neurological functions like speech and motor control. Despite its widespread adoption, no prior bibliometric analysis has evaluated the most influential research in this field. This study analyzed the top 100 most-cited articles on AC to identify key trends, influential works, and authorship demographics.

Textbook Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing CRS+HIPEC for Peritoneal Surface Malignancies in an Eastern European Population.

Background: The preferred treatment option for patients with limited peritoneal metastasis (PM) is cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS+HIPEC).While the textbook outcome (TO) concept has been applied to other complex surgeries, its prevalence, determinants, and impact in patients with PM remain unclear. This study sought to identify factors influencing TO among individuals with PM undergoing CRS+HIPEC in an Eastern European population.

Optimizing Enantiomeric Resolution of Chiral Triazoles in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography.

Chirality plays a crucial role in the pharmacological activity of triazoles, a key scaffold in antifungal agents and various therapeutic applications. This study focuses on optimizing the enantiomeric resolution of chiral triazoles using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and 10 different columns, either immobilized or coated, chlorinated or nonchlorinated, cellulose or amylose-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Four novel triazoles and two marketed ones (tebuconazole and hexaconazole) were separated to determine optimal resolution conditions.

Recreating the Endocrine Niche: Advances in Bioengineering the Pancreas.

Intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising strategy for β-cell replacement therapy in the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. However, several obstacles hinder the long-term efficacy of this therapy. A major challenge is the scarcity of donor organs.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Stem Cell Therapies for Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy, Osteoarthritis, and Spinal Cord Injuries.

Purpose Of Review: The use of stem cell therapy is a rapidly evolving and progressing frontier of science that has been used to treat illnesses such as malignancies, immunodeficiencies, and metabolic syndromes. This review aims to give an overview of the use of stem cell therapy in the treatment of pain caused by diabetic neuropathy, osteoarthritis, and other spinal cord pathologies.

Recent Findings: Pain is defined as a generalized or localized feeling of distress related to a physical or emotional stimulus and can be caused by a multitude of pathologies.

Safety and efficacy of a modified suprachoroidal silicone tube shunt implant in primary open angle and pseudo-exfoliative glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of a modified suprachoroidal silicone tube (SST) shunt in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and pseudo-exfoliative glaucoma (PXG) in this experimental study.

Methods: In this single-center, retrospective longitudinal data analysis 66 eyes of 59 patients having POAG and PXG were included and treated with modified SST shunt in combination with cataract or as a stand-alone procedure. Pre- and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), C/D ratio and ocular adverse events (AEs) were assessed in all participants.

Immunohistochemical analysis of 147 cases of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: refining the immunohistochemical profile of LG-ESS on a large, molecularly confirmed series.

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) can present diagnostic challenges, due to its overlapping morphological features with other uterine mesenchymal tumors. Misdiagnosis rates remain significant, and immunohistochemical data for LG-ESS are limited to small series and inconsistent antibody panels. This study aimed to refine the IHC profile of LG-ESS by analyzing a large, molecularly confirmed series of 147 cases using a panel of 24 antibodies, including newer markers like transgelin and smoothelin.

Marital status and risk of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged and elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Marital status is among the factors influencing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the precise relationship remains incompletely understood. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between marital status and the incidence of T2DM.

The Relationship between Homocysteine Levels, Polymorphism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Georgian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Over the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted to determine the role of homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase () gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet the results are inconsistent. The aim of the current study was to determine the association between homocysteine levels (Hcy), ) and A1298C polymorphisms, and pregnancy outcomes in Georgian women with PCOS.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study included 177 female participants, of which 96 women were diagnosed with PCOS, and 81 age-matched women were without PCOS.

Ethics and trustworthiness of artificial intelligence in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary surgery: a snapshot of insights from the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (E-AHPBA) survey.

Background: Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) surgery is a complex specialty and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications have the potential to improve pre- intra- and postoperative outcomes of HPB surgery. While ethics guidelines have been developed for the use of AI in clinical surgery, the ethical implications and reliability of AI in HPB surgery remain specifically unexplored.

Methods: An online survey was developed by the Innovation Committee of the E-AHPBA to investigate the current perspectives on the ethical principles and trustworthiness of AI in HPB Surgery among E-AHPBA membership.

The effect of a general practitioner's perception of a patient request for antibiotics on antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections: secondary analysis of a point prevalence audit survey in 18 European countries.

Background: Illness severity, comorbidity, fever, age and symptom duration influence antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections (RTI). Non-medical determinants, such as patient expectations, also impact prescribing.

Aim: To quantify the effect of general practitioners' (GPs') perception of a patient request for antibiotics on antibiotic prescribing for RTI and investigate effect modification by medical determinants and country.

Vanillin and IGF1-loaded dual-layer multifunctional wound dressing with micro-nanofibrous structure for full-thickness wound healing acceleration.

Multifunctional dual-layer wound dressings hold significant promise for comprehensive full-thickness wound management by closely mimicking the native skin structure and features. Herein, we employed an innovative approach utilizing electrospinning techniques to develop a dual-layer dressing comprising a microfibrous Ecoflex®-Vanillin (Ex-Vnil) top layer (TL) and a nanofibrous Soluplus®-Insulin-like growth factor-1 (Sol-IGF1) bottom layer (BL). The tensile properties of dual-layer wound dressings were within the standard range for use in skin tissue regeneration.

First-in-human trial of atrial fibrillation ablation using real time tissue optical assessment to predict pulsed field lesion durability.

Background: Loss of bipolar electrograms immediately after pulsed field ablation (PFA) makes lesion durability assessment challenging.

Objective: The aim of this trial (NCT06700226) was to evaluate a novel ablation system that can optically predict lesion durability by detecting structural changes in the tissue during ablation.

Methods: Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using PFA (AblaView®, MedLumics).