Binge eating as an emotional response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a sequential mediation model via the impact of events and social anxiety.

Background: The long-lasting consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of young people have become an emerging research topic, which still raises several questions for post-pandemic interventions at the individual and community levels. This research investigated the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic life events and the occurrence of binge eating behaviors in emerging adults, hypothesizing indirect effects of the emotional impact of pandemic events and social anxiety.

Methods: Data collection was conducted in November and December 2021 in Italy, involving 286 university students aged 18 to 30 years (M = 20.

Generalized Hydrodynamic Description of the Page Curve-like Dynamics of a Freely Expanding Fermionic Gas.

We consider an analytically tractable model that exhibits the main features of the Page curve characterizing the evolution of entanglement entropy during evaporation of a black hole. Our model is a gas of noninteracting fermions on a lattice that is released from a box into the vacuum. More precisely, our Hamiltonian is a tight-binding model with a defect at the junction between the filled box and the vacuum.

Management of adult sepsis in resource-limited settings: global expert consensus statements using a Delphi method.

Purpose: To generate consensus and provide expert clinical practice statements for the management of adult sepsis in resource-limited settings.

Methods: An international multidisciplinary Steering Committee with expertise in sepsis management and including a Delphi methodologist was convened by the Asia Pacific Sepsis Alliance (APSA). The committee selected an international panel of clinicians and researchers with expertise in sepsis management.

Exciton-Polaron in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Chain of Hexyl-Diammonium-BiI Octahedra.

Lower-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials promise to revolutionize the optoelectronics industry due to the tremendous possibilities of exotic control on excitonic properties driven via quantum confinement. Flexible organic cations acting as spacers and stabilizers enhance electron-phonon couplings, further amplifying the potential for modular light-matter interactions in these materials. Herein we unravel the nature of excitons in a quasi-1D chain of corner-sharing bismuth iodide octahedra with an intrinsic quantum well structure stabilized by a hexyl-diammonium cation.

VGLL-fusions define a new class of intraparenchymal CNS schwannoma.

Background: Intracerebral schwannomas are rare tumors resembling their peripheral nerve sheath counterparts but localized in the CNS. They are not classified as a separate tumor type in the 2021 WHO classification. This study aimed to compile and characterize these rare neoplasms morphologically and molecularly.

Additive interaction of family medical history of cardiovascular diseases with hypertension and diabetes on the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases among older adults in India.

Introduction: The present study aimed to examine the additive interaction of family medical history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and self-reported hypertension and diabetes on the diagnosis of CVD among older adults aged 45 years and above in India. A family medical history of CVD in individuals with hypertension and diabetes could identify a subpopulation with a higher risk of CVD.

Methods: The study used the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 (2017-2018).

Can knowledge-based planning models validated on ethnically diverse patients lead to global standardisation of external beam radiation therapy for locally advanced cervix cancer?

Background And Purpose: Knowledge-based planning (KBP) can consistently and efficiently create high-quality Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans for cervix cancer. This study describes the cross-validation of two KBP models on geographically distinct populations and their comparison to manual plans from 67 centers. The purpose was to determine the universal applicability of a generic KBP model.

Cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with or without colchicine for flare prophylaxis: a retrospective new-user cohort study using linked primary care, hospitalisation, and mortality data.

Background: Initiating urate-lowering therapy can trigger gout flares. Gout flares have been associated with a temporally increased risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with flare prophylaxis using colchicine (the drug recommended for gout flare prohphylaxis by many international societies) compared with no prophylaxis.

Prevalence and Patterns of Polysubstance Use (Tobacco and Other Substances) and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in a High-Risk Cohort for Oral Cancer in Varanasi, India, with a Special Focus on Young Emerging Adults.

Introduction: The dearth of population-based data on polysubstance use, especially in young emerging adults, presents a critical gap in understanding public health challenges, particularly in rural India, where tobacco and oral cancer are prevalent. This study addresses this gap by investigating the prevalence and patterns of substance use, with a focus on young emerging adults (18-29 years) within a high-risk cohort for oral cancer in Varanasi, India.

Methods: The study involved a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 10,101 participants within a high-risk cohort in rural settings of the Varanasi district between December 2020-June 2023.

Understanding the financial barriers to treatment among individuals with opioid use disorder: a focus group study.

Introduction: Despite the established effectiveness and relatively widespread availability of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder, individuals seeking treatment frequently encounter various structural and social barriers, including costs of treatment. This study aimed to understand the financial barriers that affect treatment continuation in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD).

Methods: In this qualitative study, seven semi-structured in-depth focus group interviews were conducted among 28 participants in treatment for OUD.

Inhibiting de novo lipogenesis identifies a therapeutic vulnerability in therapy-resistant colorectal cancer.

A significant clinical challenge in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which adversely impacts patient survival, is the development of therapy resistance leading to a relapse. Therapy resistance and relapse in CRC is associated with the formation of lipid droplets (LD) by stimulating de novo lipogenesis (DNL). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the increase in DNL and the susceptibility to DNL-targeted therapies remain unclear.

A combined NMR and deep neural network approach for enhancing the spectral resolution of aromatic side chains in proteins.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an important technique for deriving the dynamics and interactions of macromolecules; however, characterizations of aromatic residues in proteins still pose a challenge. Here, we present a deep neural network (DNN), which transforms NMR spectra recorded on simple uniformly C-labeled samples to yield high-quality H-C correlation maps of aromatic side chains. Key to the success of the DNN is the design of NMR experiments that produce data with unique features to aid the DNN produce high-resolution spectra.

Motor Function of the Two-Component EEA1-Rab5 Revealed by dcFCCS.

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) enables the measurement of fluctuations at fast timescales (typically few nanoseconds) and with high spatial resolution (tens of nanometers). This single-molecule measurement has been used to characterize single-molecule transport and flexibility of polymers and biomolecules such as DNA and RNA. Here, we apply this technique as dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (dcFCCS) to identify the motor function of the tethering protein EEA1 and the small GTPase Rab5 by probing the flexibility changes through end-monomer fluctuations.

Interventions aiming to improve menstrual, sexual, reproductive, and mental health among out-of-school girls: a systematic review.

Purpose: Out-of-school adolescent girls (OoSGs) can lack education on menstrual, sexual, reproductive, and mental health (SRMH) and be more vulnerable to SRMH harms. Targeted interventions could reduce these risks. We assessed interventions and their effectiveness among OoSGs globally.

Plasma transfusion in the intensive care unit.

Background: Current guidelines discourage prophylactic plasma use in non-bleeding patients. This study assesses global plasma transfusion practices in the intensive care unit (ICU) and their alignment with current guidelines.

Study Design And Methods: This was a sub-study of an international, prospective, observational cohort.

Detection and classification of long terminal repeat sequences in plant LTR-retrotransposons and their analysis using explainable machine learning.

Background: Long terminal repeats (LTRs) represent important parts of LTR retrotransposons and retroviruses found in high copy numbers in a majority of eukaryotic genomes. LTRs contain regulatory sequences essential for the life cycle of the retrotransposon. Previous experimental and sequence studies have provided only limited information about LTR structure and composition, mostly from model systems.

Sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Transmembrane Domain Encodes Conformational Dynamics.

The homotrimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enables viral infection by undergoing a large conformational transition, which facilitates the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. The spike protein is anchored to the SARS-CoV-2 envelope by its transmembrane domain (TMD), composed of three TM helices, each contributed by one of the protomers of spike. Although the TMD is known to be important for viral fusion, whether it is a passive anchor of the spike or actively promotes fusion remains unknown.

Interplay of geometry and mechanics in epithelial wound healing.

Wound healing is a complex biological process critical for maintaining an organism's structural integrity and tissue repair following an infection or injury. Recent studies have unveiled the mechanisms involving the coordination of biochemical and mechanical responses in the tissue in wound healing. In this article, we focus on the healing property of an epithelial tissue as a material while the effects of biological mechanisms such as cell proliferation, tissue intercalation, cellular migration, cell crawling, and filopodia protrusion is minimal.

Mitochondrial genetic diversity of pest and vector species, Frankliniella schultzei (Thripidae: Thripinae).

Background: Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) is a serious pest and a carrier of tospoviruses in major agricultural crops. This species is a historical and unresolved species complex that contains genetically different cryptic species across the globe.

Methods And Results: DNA barcodes were generated from freshly collected specimens of F.

Dynamic regulation of ion transport through a bis(1,3-propanediol)-based channel allosteric azobenzene photoswitching.

The transportation of ions across cell membranes is vital in biological functions and is frequently controlled by external triggers like light, ligands, and voltage. Synthetic ion transport systems, particularly those featuring gating mechanisms, have attracted considerable interest. In this research, we engineered self-assembled barrel rosette ion channels using a photoresponsive azobenzene integrated at an allosteric site.

Update on the aetiopathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea: Role of inflammatory and immune mediated mechanisms.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often a lifestyle disease associated with obesity, which is rapidly evolving as a major health concern with diverse multisystemic implications. To prevent and mitigate its adverse effects and reduce its burden on society, its aetiopathogeneses must be precisely understood. Numerous studies focusing on the range of diverse anatomic, functional, and lifestyle factors have already been carried out to determine the possible contributory roles of these factors in OSA.

Fusion-Positive Sarcomas: Two Additional Cases of an Emerging Soft Tissue Tumor Entity.

fusion-positive sarcomas constitute an emerging subtype of undifferentiated sarcomas, histopathologically composed of epithelioid and spindle cells. We describe two fusion-positive sarcomas occurring in the occipital region of a 53-year-old female patient and the left shoulder of a 25-year-old male patient. Histopathologically, the former tumor comprised spindle and polygonal-shaped/epithelioid cells, while the latter comprised epithelioid cells.