Design and synthesis of PDSPTCF as an influential Brønsted-Lewis acidic catalyst for the producing benzo[a]benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-c]phenazines.

Initially, 4,4'-(1,4-phenylene)di(sulfonic)pyridinium tetrachloroferrate (PDSPTCF) as a novel organic-inorganic hybrid salt was synthesized and identified by elemental mapping, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and thermal gravimetric (TG) techniques. Then, the catalytic performance of this hybrid salt was assessed for the producing benzo[a]benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-c]phenazine derivatives via one-pot multicomponent domino reaction (MDR) of benzene-1,2-diamine, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione and aldehydes under optimal conditions (70 °C, solvent-free, 5 mol% PDSPTCF) in short reaction times and high yields. Highly efficacy of the PDSPTCF for the production of benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazines can be assigned to the synergistic effect of Lewis and Brønsted acids, and having two positions of each acid (i.

Effects of Resveratrol on Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC): A Comprehensive Review.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represents the most prevalent form of skin cancer globally, with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) being the most common types. The search for effective chemopreventive and therapeutic agents has led to the exploration of natural compounds, among which resveratrol (RES), a polyphenolic phytoalexin found in grapes, berries, peanuts, and red wine, has garnered significant attention. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the effects of RES on NMSC, focusing on its mechanisms of action, efficacy in preclinical studies, and potential as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent.

Ferlapioside: a new bromine substituted iridoid glycoside from the roots of Korovin.

One new bromine substituted iridoid glycoside, ferlapioside (), was isolated from the roots of Korovin, together with 10 known ones including seven iridoid glycosides (-) and three sesquiterpene lactones (-). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, e.g.

Comparative metabolic profiling and quantitative analysis of metabolites in different tissues of Ajuga turkestanica by ESI-UHPLC-QqTOF-MS and NMR.

Ajuga turkestanica preparations are used as anti-aging cosmeceuticals and for medicinal purposes. Herein we describe the characterization and quantification of its metabolites in different organs using UHPLC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. A total of 51 compounds belonging to various phytochemical classes (11 flavonoids, 10 ecdysteroids, 9 diterpenes, 6 fatty acids, 5 iridoids, 3 phenylpropanoids, 3 sugars, 2 phenolics, 1 coumarin, 1 triterpene) were annotated and tentatively identified by UHPLC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS of methanolic extracts obtained separately from the organs.

N-alkylation of amines for the synthesis of potential antiviral agents: A structural modification approach.

The threat of emerging viral outbreaks has increased the need for fast and effective development of therapeutics against emerging pathogens. One approach is to modify the structure of existing therapeutic agents to achieve the desired antiviral properties. Here, we attempted to synthesize a new antiviral compound by modifying the structure of chloroquine using the of the primary amine (N1,N1-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine) that is used in chloroquine synthesis.

Development of new sustainable pyridinium ionic liquids: From reactivity studies to mechanism-based activity predictions.

Context: This study addresses the development of sustainable pyridinium ionic liquids (ILs) because of their potential applications in agriculture and pharmaceuticals. Pyridinium-based ILs are known for their low melting points, high thermal stability, and moderate solvation properties. We synthesized three novel pyridinium-based ILs: 1-(2-(isopentyloxy)-2-oxoethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride, 1-(2-(hexyloxy)-2-oxoethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride, and 1-(2-(benzyloxy)-2-oxoethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride.

MicroRNA-enriched exosome as dazzling dancer between cancer and immune cells.

Exosomes are widely recognized for their roles in numerous biological processes and as intercellular communication mediators. Human cancerous and normal cells can both produce massive amounts of exosomes. They are extensively dispersed in tumor-modeling animals' pleural effusions, ascites, and plasma from people with cancer.

Gossypol derivate as a green anti-corrosion agent in the aqueous phase of crude oil.

Keeping recruitment of green and cost-effective solutions for environmental challenges in view, the current work was designed to solve the problems related to metal corrosion in the aqueous phases of crude oil in chemical industries. Green materials can play an important role in protecting metals from this corrosion. Hence, the green anti-corrosion material based upon gossypol derivate is suggested to solve the above problems.

Ischemic Stroke and Autophagy: The Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs.

Ischemic stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Autophagy, a process of intracellular degradation, has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of autophagy in various diseases, including ischemic stroke.

High-Order Harmonics Generation Using Spherical and Non-Spherical Nanoparticles.

The conversion efficiency of 800 nm, 65 fs radiation toward high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in laser-induced plasmas containing spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles (NPs) produced during the laser ablation of different metals in water using 1064 nm, 70 ps pulses was analyzed. Non-spherical NPs of different forms (triangle, cubic, bowtie, rod, rectangular, ellipsoid, etc.) were synthesized during the aging of some spherical NPs (In, Al, and Cu) in water.

Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma in rodents: A narrative review.

Glaucoma, an irreversible optic neuropathy, primarily affects retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and causes vision loss and blindness. The damage to RGCs in glaucoma occurs by various mechanisms, including elevated intraocular pressure, oxidative stress, inflammation, and other neurodegenerative processes. As the disease progresses, the loss of RGCs leads to vision loss.

A new perspective on therapies involving B-cell depletion in autoimmune diseases.

It has been rediscovered in the last fifteen years that B-cells play an active role in autoimmune etiology rather than just being spectators. The clinical success of B-cell depletion therapies (BCDTs) has contributed to this. BCDTs, including those that target CD20, CD19, and BAFF, were first developed to eradicate malignant B-cells.

A thorough and current study of miR-214-related targets in cancer.

Cancer is a complex genetic anomaly involving coding and non-coding transcript structural and expressive irregularities. A class of tiny non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding only to messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Due to their capacity to target numerous genes, miRNAs have the potential to play a significant role in the development of tumors by controlling several biological processes, including angiogenesis, drug resistance, metastasis, apoptosis, proliferation, and drug resistance.

Equivalent circuit of a silicon-lithium p-i-n nuclear radiation detector.

Nuclear radiation detectors are indispensable for research in the field of nuclear radiation, X-ray spectroscopy and other areas. Interest in silicon p-i-n detectors of nuclear radiation is increasing today due to the possibility of their operation under normal conditions. In this paper, an equivalent circuit of a silicon-lithium p-i-n nuclear radiation detector is proposed.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Medicinal Plant .

According to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that by 2050, drug-resistant infections could cause up to 10 million deaths annually. Therefore, finding a new generation of antibiotics is crucial. Natural compounds from endophytic fungi are considered a potential source of new-generation antibiotics.

VAV3 in human cancers: Mechanism and clinical implication.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are primarily involved in signal transmission between cell membrane receptors and intracellular mediators. Upon replacing GDP with GTP, GEFs can alter their conformation, resulting in their binding to downstream effectors, such as GTPases like Ras homologous (Rho). VAV GEF family are versatile proteins working as an adaptor mediator and GEF for Rho GTPase.

Recent Progress in Screening of Mycotoxins in Foods and Other Commodities Using MXenes-Based Nanomaterials.

Mycotoxin pollution in agricultural food products endangers animal and human health during the supply chains, therefore the development of accurate and rapid techniques for the determination of mycotoxins is of great importance for food safety guarantee. MXenes-based nanoprobes have attracted enormous attention as a complementary analysis and promising alternative strategies to conventional diagnostic methods, because of their fascinating features, like high electrical conductivity, various surface functional groups, high surface area, superb thermal resistance, good hydrophilicity, and environmentally-friendlier characteristics. In this study, we outline the state-of-the-art research on MXenes-based probes in detecting various mycotoxins like aflatoxin, ochratoxin, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and other toxins as a most commonly founded mycotoxin in the agri-food supply chain.

Grazing-induced cattle behaviour modulates the secondary production in a Eurasian steppe ecosystem.

Livestock-grassland interactions are among the most important relationships in grazed grassland ecosystems, where herbivores play a crucial role in plant community and ecosystem functions. However, previous studies primarily have focused on the responses of grasslands to grazing, with few focussing on the effects of livestock behaviour that in turn would influence livestock intake and primary and secondary productivity. Through a 2-year grazing intensity experiment with cattle in Eurasian steppe ecosystem, global positioning system (GPS) collars were used to monitor animal movements, where animal locations were recorded at 10-min intervals during the growing season.