Endoscopic papillectomy versus surgical ampullectomy for adenomas and early cancers of the papilla: a retrospective Pancreas2000/European Pancreatic Club analysis.

Objective: Ampullary neoplastic lesions can be resected by endoscopic papillectomy (EP) or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA) while pancreaticoduodenectomy is reserved for more advanced lesions. We present the largest retrospective comparative study analysing EP and TSA.

Design: Of all patients in the database, lesions with prior interventions, benign histology advanced malignancy (T2 and more), patients with hereditary syndromes and those undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were excluded.

Analysis of early childhood intestinal microbial dynamics in a continuous-flow bioreactor.

Background: The human gut microbiota is inoculated at birth and undergoes a process of assembly and diversification during the first few years of life. Studies in mice and humans have revealed associations between the early-life gut microbiome and future susceptibility to immune and metabolic diseases. To resolve microbe and host contributing factors to early-life development and to disease states requires experimental platforms that support reproducible, longitudinal, and high-content analyses.

Physical exercise, systemic inflammation and adult-onset asthma: a 12-year follow-up study.

Physical exercise in treatment of asthma is scarcely studied with no clear exercise guidelines for asthmatics. We aimed to investigate the associations between physical exercise frequency, systemic inflammation and asthma control. This has not been previously studied in adult-onset asthma.

Residential Area Characteristics Are Associated With Asthma Burden in Children.

Background: Wheezing illnesses, especially those triggered by rhinovirus infection, cause a major disease burden, and they often precede asthma. Environmental exposures are known to affect recurrence of wheezing. We investigated the relations of population density, greenness (forested areas), and socioeconomic factors of the living surroundings to the burden of asthma in children with prior bronchiolitis.

A randomized double-blind noninferiority clinical multicenter trial on oral moxifloxacin versus placebo in the outpatient treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: APPAC IV study protocol.

Background: Antibiotic therapy is currently considered a safe and effective treatment alternative for computed tomography (CT)-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis with recent studies reporting good results on both oral antibiotics only and outpatient management. Furthermore, there are promising pilot results on uncomplicated acute appendicitis management with symptomatic treatment (placebo). This trial aims to assess whether both antibiotics and hospitalization can be safely omitted from the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis.

Molecular and functional profiling of primary normal ovarian cells defines insights into cancer development and drug responses.

Patients with ovarian cancer, especially the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) subtype, face poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and treatment resistance. Owing to the high heterogeneity of HGSOC, identifying the origin of the disease and optimal treatments is difficult. Here, we characterized two primary immortalized human ovarian cell lines, human ovarian surface epithelium (HOSE)1C and HOSE2C, comparing their molecular profiling with representative HGSOC cells.

Breastfeeding practices among immigrants living in Finland: Results from the FinChildren survey.

Background: Breastfeeding is a cornerstone of child health and survival as it provides crucial, non-replaceable nourishment necessary for infant's growth and development. Immigration has been shown to influence breastfeeding particularly among immigrants from low- and middle-income countries. Our aim was to examine breastfeeding practices and sociodemographic characteristics of Somali-, Arabic-, and Russian-speaking in comparison with Finnish-speaking mothers.

Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Revascularization Surgery in Traumatic Upper-Extremity Amputation.

Background: Microsurgical emergency revascularization surgery for traumatic upper-extremity amputations demands high resource use. Injury details and patient characteristics influence the decision of whether to revascularize or revise an amputation involving the upper extremity. Our aim was to study associations between those factors and unsuccessful revascularization to provide information for clinical decision-making regarding amputation injuries.

Comparing Treatment Outcomes of Eligible Patients Consenting to or Declining Randomization in a Randomized Clinical Trial: A Secondary Analysis of the FISH Trial on Humeral Shaft Fractures.

Background: The Finnish Shaft of the Humerus (FISH) trial compared open reduction and internal plate fixation (ORIF) with functional bracing in adult patients with displaced, closed humeral shaft fractures. Here, we compare the results of the patients in the randomized clinical trial (RCT [the randomized cohort]) with those of the cohort of patients who were also eligible but declined randomization (the nonrandomized cohort) to investigate if patients' treatment preference was associated with the outcomes during a 2-year follow-up.

Methods: A total of 321 patients were treated at 2 university hospitals in Finland between November 2012 and January 2018.

Patient perceptions of the Finnish guidelines enabling coeliac disease diagnosis without biopsies in adults.

Objectives: Diagnosis of coeliac disease based on serology only has been allowed since 2018 in Finland for adults meeting specific criteria. We studied the patient experiences and perceptions of this novel diagnostic option.

Methods: Altogether 194 adult patients were questioned on socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, quality of life and various coeliac disease-related issues.

Borosilicate bioactive glasses with added Mg/Sr enhances human adipose-derived stem cells osteogenic commitment and angiogenic properties.

Bioactive glasses are one of the most promising materials for applications in bone tissue engineering. In this study, the focus was on borosilicate bioactive glasses with composition 47.12 SiO - 6.

Association Between Unmet Needs in Health Care and Social Services and Exposure to Violence Among Parents.

Objective: Existing research has shown that parental exposure to violence has negative consequences on health outcomes, but the effect of such exposure on unmet health care and social service need is unknown. This study aims to investigate the association between unmet health care and social services and parental violence exposure among parents with children.

Study Design: This study used the data of 6289 parents aged 18-60 years who had at least one child under 18 years living in the same household.

Long-Term Risk of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Biopsy-Negative Patients With Baseline Biparametric Prostate MRI.

Background: The long-term prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in patients with initial negative prostate biopsy is unknown.

Purpose: To investigate the rate of csPCa of men with initial negative biopsy.

Study Type: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Efficient Search Algorithms for Identifying Synergistic Associations in High-Dimensional Datasets.

In recent years, there has been a notably increased interest in the study of multivariate interactions and emergent higher-order dependencies. This is particularly evident in the context of identifying synergistic sets, which are defined as combinations of elements whose joint interactions result in the emergence of information that is not present in any individual subset of those elements. The scalability of frameworks such as partial information decomposition (PID) and those based on multivariate extensions of mutual information, such as O-information, is limited by combinational explosion in the number of sets that must be assessed.

Environmental Factors in Type 1 Diabetes.

The contribution of environmental factors to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is considered substantial, but their identification has turned out to be challenging. Large prospective studies are crucial for reliable identification of environmental risk and protective factors. However, only few large prospective birth cohort studies have been carried out.

Operative versus non-operative treatment for non-displaced Lisfranc injuries: A two-center randomized clinical trial.

Background And Aims: There is no consensus on which Lisfranc injuries can be treated non-operatively. The aim of the study was to compare non-operative treatment and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the treatment of non-displaced Lisfranc injuries.

Materials And Methods: This study was a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at two hospitals in Finland between 19 March 2012, and 20 December 2022, with a target sample size of 60 patients.

Patient-derived glioma organoids real time identification of IDH mutation, 1p/19q-codeletion and CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion with differential ion mobility spectrometry.

Purpose: Extent of brain tumor resection continues to be one of the central decisions taken during standard of care in glioma patients. Here, we aimed to evaluate the most essential molecular factors, such as IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutation in gliomas classification with patient-derived glioma organoids (PGOs) using differential mobility spectrometry (DMS).

Methods: we prospectively recruited 12 glioma patients, 6 IDH-mutated and 6 IDH wild-type tumors, from which PGOs were generated ex-vivo.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Pathogenesis of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Systematic Review on the Missing Link in a Complex Pathway.

Background: Aneurysms are one of the most common and yet devastating cerebrovascular diseases after rupture. Despite several decades of scientific advancements including the expansion of the endovascular capabilities and noninvasive imaging modalities, no medical treatment exists to date. This failure is likely largely attributed to the complex and multifactorial nature of aneurysm pathophysiology.

Inherited infertility: Mapping loci associated with impaired female reproduction.

Female infertility is a common and complex health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. While multiple factors can contribute to this condition, the underlying cause remains elusive in up to 15%-30% of affected individuals. In our large genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 22,849 women with infertility and 198,989 control individuals from the Finnish population cohort FinnGen, we unveil a landscape of genetic factors associated with the disorder.

Spontaneous recovery of active shoulder external rotation in patients with brachial plexus birth injury.

Background: Brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBI) occur as a result of a difficult delivery. External rotation of shoulder (ER) is usually one of the last movements which may recover. There is no consensus about the predicting factors for spontaneous recovery or the optimal timing for surgical treatment of ER in BPBI patients.

Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes Among Patients Carrying the Protective HLA-DQB1*06:02 Allele.

We set out to examine in an observational study characteristics of type 1 diabetes at the time of diagnosis among paediatric patients carrying the protective HLA class II DQB1*06:02 allele. We compared characteristics of type 1 diabetes among 5530 Finnish children aged 0-14 years diagnosed between 2003 and 2018. Seventy-five children with type 1 diabetes carried the DQB1*06:02 allele.