296 results match your criteria: "Tampere School of Public Health[Affiliation]"

Objective: Any fall-off in the age-specific cancer incidence curve in oldest age groups may be suggestive of under-ascertainment. This article introduces a correction method for under-ascertainment of cancer cases in the very elderly (aged 75+).

Methods: Corrected age-specific rates for a certain cancer are calculated by summing the age-specific rates of that cancer for two lower age groups multiplied by a corresponding coefficient from an external reference cancer registry (sex-, site-, and age-specific coefficients from the Finnish Cancer Registry, a nation-wide population-based registry with high data validity).

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Aims/hypothesis: The aim of our study was to assess the associations of serum alpha- and gamma-tocopherol concentrations with the risk of advanced beta cell autoimmunity in children with HLA-conferred genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A case-control study with 108 cases with advanced beta cell autoimmunity and 216 matched control participants nested within the birth cohort of the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Project. A serum sample for vitamin E analyses was collected from all the children in the cohort at the age of 1 year and thereafter at 12 month intervals.

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Under-ascertainment of elderly cases in cancer registry data is a well-known problem. This article provides the cancer incidence in developing countries corrected for the under-ascertainment in elderly cancer cases (aged 65+). The original incidence rate by GLOBOCAN 2002 was 11% (men 15%; women 7%) under-estimated, so there were 6,462,000 new cancer cases (3,093,000 men; 2,737,000 women) in 2002 topping the original estimate by 632,000.

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Objective: To assess role of systolic hypertension during pregnancy in long-term mortality.

Method: A total of 4,090 Finnish women who delivered in the period from 1954 to 1963 were followed up for an average of 44 years. Mortality data were obtained from the Finnish cause-of-death registry.

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Objectives: To study changes in the family smoking profile and in the association between parental and child smoking from 1977 to 2005.

Methods: Data was based on biennial surveys using nationally-representative samples of 14-18-year-old Finns (n=58,279). Response rate ranged between 88% (1977) and 65% (2005).

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Associations between peer victimization, self-reported depression and social phobia among adolescents: the role of comorbidity.

J Adolesc

February 2009

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, FIN-33521 Tampere, Finland.

Associations of peer victimization with adolescent depression and social phobia (SP), while controlling for comorbidity between them, have not been sufficiently explored in earlier research. A total of 3156 Finnish adolescents aged 15-16 years participated in a survey study. Self-reported peer victimization, as well as self-reported depression (Beck Depression Inventory), SP (Social Phobia Inventory), and selected background variables were assessed.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to examine how the outcomes of a structured diagnostic interview for depression are related to the results of a self-report scale in alexithymic and nonalexithymic groups.

Materials And Methods: Subjects (N=389) recruited from primary care and psychiatric care completed the Depression Scale (DEPS) and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Major depression was diagnosed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short-Form by telephone.

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Objective: This article is to calculate corrected Iran cancer incidence by a novel method to compensate under-ascertainment of cancer cases in the very elderly (aged 65+).

Study Design And Setting: Corrected age-specific rate for a certain cancer in age group 65+ was calculated from the age-specific rate of that cancer in age group 55-64 multiplied by the corresponding coefficient from reference cancer registry (sex- and age-specific coefficients from Finnish Cancer Registry, a nation-wide registry with high validity of data). All cancer data were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2002.

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Sensitivity in cancer screening.

J Med Screen

March 2008

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

Objective: We propose three concepts of sensitivity in cancer screening and apply to data on prostate cancer. Conceptual entities: Sensitivity is the indicator on the ability of screening to find cancer in the detectable preclinical phase (DPCP). The ability is usually specified as to the screening test.

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The relationship between life satisfaction and alexithymia was studied in a sample of 229 patients as a part of a naturalistic follow-up study of depression in Finnish primary health care. The measures were the abbreviated Life Satisfaction Scale and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Depression was assessed by telephone with the short form of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

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Objective: In order to understand the reasons for the low priority given to work in primary health care among physicians, we studied differences in work stress, health and health related lifestyles between general practitioners (GPs) and hospital physicians.

Method: A cohort of 226 GPs and 523 consultants from Finland responded to a questionnaire survey. The responses were linked to data on registered sickness absence.

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Nurses' intentions to leave nursing in Finland.

Eur J Health Econ

November 2008

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.

The shortage of nurses is a problem in many countries. We examined how factors related to wage, work, job satisfaction/dissatisfaction, and workplace or demographic factors were associated with nurses' intentions to switch from health care to non-health-care roles. Wage and share of income from shift work were negatively and statistically significantly related to nurses' intention to leave the health care sector.

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Background: Hypertension is one of the major causes of disease burden affecting the Finnish population. Over the last decade, evidence-based care has emerged to complement other approaches to antihypertensive care, often without health economic assessment of its costs and effects. This study looks at the extent to which changes proposed by the 2002 Finnish evidence-based Current Care Guidelines concerning the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension (the ACCG scenario) can be considered cost-effective when compared to modelled prior clinical practice (the PCP scenario).

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The study aimed to investigate the associations between different levels of depression with different aspects of school performance. The target population included 2516 7th-9th grade pupils (13-17 years) of whom 90% completed the questionnaire anonymously in the classroom. Of the girls 18.

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Background: Few studies in Europe have investigated home smoking bans and their association with child smoking.

Methods: A nationwide survey of 12 to 18-year olds in 2005 (n = 6503, response rate 66%) was used to study home smoking bans in Finland. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to study association of home smoking bans and child smoking.

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Are the desks and chairs at school appropriate?

Ergonomics

October 2007

Tampere School of Public Health, FIN-33014, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

The aim of the current study was to find out how the measures of chairs and desks match with the anthropometrics of schoolchildren and how schoolchildren sit during a lesson in their classroom. This paper reports the baseline measurements of an intervention study. Participants of this study were 6th and 8th grade (12 and 14 year old) schoolchildren from two comprehensive schools in Finland (N = 101, 57 girls and 44 boys).

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Cardiovascular diseases attributable to hysterectomy: a population-based study.

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

January 2008

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

Background: Previous studies have confirmed an association between hysterectomy and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), although some controversy remains. The aim of this study was to ascertain the attributable fraction (AF) of CVD due to hysterectomy.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study based on a random sample of 2,514 Finnish women aged 30-99 was carried out.

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Long-term associations of prolonged stress symptoms and work-related stressors with chronic diseases were assessed in a sample of ageing and retired food industry workers (N = 100, mean age 62 years) using independent samples t-test, chi-squared test and binary logistic regression analyses. Data was gathered at health checkups and using self-report questionnaires in 1989 and 2000. Prolonged stress symptoms were associated with overall morbidity.

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Epidemiology of alexithymia among adolescents.

J Psychosom Res

October 2007

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Objective: In recent years, the occurrence of alexithymia among the general population has been ascertained in a handful of studies. There are no data concerning the epidemiology of alexithymia among teenagers in the general population. We studied the prevalence of alexithymia among a representative sample of 15-16-year olds.

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Background: Inflammation plays a major role in both aging and chronic disease. Longitudinal studies in very old people can improve our understanding of these processes. We investigated blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and their combinations as predictors of mortality in nonagenarians.

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Help-seeking among adolescents and adults is often perceived as a process involving only the health care system and the individual suffering from psychiatric symptoms. The present study attempted to create a model of help-seeking also including members of adolescents social networks. A prospective follow-up design included a school-based survey on all ninth grade students (mean age 15.

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The association of parental monitoring and family structure with diverse maladjustment outcomes in middle adolescent boys and girls.

Nord J Psychiatry

January 2008

Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.

The aim of this study was to study the associations between family structure, parental monitoring and maladjustment outcomes among middle adolescent girls and boys. Data was collected through a school-based survey of a nationally representative sample of 17,643 Finnish adolescents aged 14-16 years. The less the parents knew the adolescents' friends and whereabouts, the more common were all the maladjustment outcomes studied.

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The study investigated continuity, comorbidity and longitudinal associations between depression Beck depression inventory (RBDI) and antisocial behaviour Youth self-report (YSR) in middle adolescence. Data were used from a community sample of 2070 adolescents who participated in a 2-year prospective follow-up study. The results indicate that both depression and antisocial behaviour had considerable continuity, and concurrent comorbidity between these disorders was strong.

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Background: Adolescents need to be aware that there is a method of preventing pregnancy even after an unprotected intercourse. Limited information is available on the awareness of young adolescents and the effects of selling emergency contraception (EC) over-the-counter, and the findings are controversial. The aims of this study were to investigate awareness and use of EC among Finnish girls aged 12-18 years in 1999-2003, and to assess the effect of the 2002 non-prescription status on the use.

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This study focuses on differences in health and social service use in the last 2 years of life among Finnish people aged 70-79, 80-89, and 90 or older and on the variation in service use in the various municipalities. The data set, derived from multiple national registers, consists of 75,578 people who died in 1998-2001. The services included hospitals and long-term-care facilities, use of regular home care, and prescribed medicines.

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