Low risk of ICH after reperfusion therapy in acute stroke patients treated with direct oral anti-coagulant.

Background: The safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients treated with DOAC is unclear. We investigated whether recanalization therapy in patients treated with DOAC is safe.

Methods: A nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the: (1) frequency of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after recanalization therapy in patients treated with DOAC; (2) independent factors related to ICH; (3) relationship between last intake time of DOAC and ICH; and (4) comparison of ICH frequency between patients treated with DOAC, vitamin K antagonist (VKA), and no-anticoagulation (no-ACT) (control).

Postoperative Enterococcus faecalis endophthalmitis: virulence factors leading to poor visual outcome.

Unlabelled: Purpose Postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis often results in poor visual outcome due to retinal destruction. We evaluated the virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates and analyzed their relationship with retinal destruction and poor visual outcomes in postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis (PBE) following cataract surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective.

A Case of Recurrent Pneumothorax Associated with Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome Treated with Bilateral Simultaneous Surgery and Total Pleural Covering.

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by a triad of skin tumors, renal tumors, and multiple pulmonary cysts. Our patient was a 40-year-old man with a history of recurrent bilateral pneumothorax and a family history of pneumothorax. The patient visited our department with chest pain and was diagnosed with left pneumothorax based on a chest X-ray.

Effect of Addition of a Statin to Warfarin on Thromboembolic Events in Japanese Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus.

Statins have been shown to decrease stroke risk in patients with cardiovascular risk factors but not to prevent recurrence of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The present subanalysis aimed to clarify the efficacy of combined use of warfarin and statins in patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF) with coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), or hypertension. The effects of adding statins to warfarin were compared with those of warfarin alone in patients with NVAF with the data set of J-RHYTHM Registry, a prospective, observational study with a 2-year follow-up.

Neck and Occipital Pain Caused by Deep Cervical Intramuscular Lipoma: A Surgical Case.

A lipoma is a slow-growing, benign tumor and is usually asymptomatic; hence, surgical intervention can often be avoided in patients with these tumors in the cervical and cranial area. Lipomas arise most commonly in the subcutaneous fat, but occasionally in muscle tissue. Intramuscular lipomas in the cervico-cranial area have rarely been reported.

Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma with a Nodular Opacity: Report of a Case.

Herein, we describe our experience in treating a case of primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma detected as a nodular opacity. A 79-year-old man was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography showed a nodular opacity measuring 20 mm in diameter with regular margins in segment 5 of the right middle lobe of the lung.

Uncertainty of cosmetic evaluation after accelerated partial breast irradiation: interim analysis of a Japanese prospective multi-institutional feasibility study.

Purpose: We conducted a multi-institutional prospective study on accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using interstitial brachytherapy. The clinical results over a minimum follow-up period of 30 months are presented here.

Materials And Methods: Forty-six patients with breast cancer were treated with breast-conserving surgery and postoperative APBI.

Forced Normalization: Antagonism Between Epilepsy and Psychosis.

The antagonism between epilepsy and psychosis has been discussed for a long time. Landolt coined the term "forced normalization" in the 1950s to describe psychotic episodes associated with the remission of seizures and disappearance of epileptiform activity on electroencephalograms in individuals with epilepsy. Since then, neurologists and psychiatrists have been intrigued by this phenomenon.

Serum Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase-5b Levels are Associated with the Severity and Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Aims: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP)-5b and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are specific and sensitive markers of bone resorption in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The TRACP-5b level is associated with the severity of RA and CKD, while the OPG level is associated with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and calcification, and can predict a poor outcome in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the impact of TRACP-5b on coronary atherosclerosis in CAD patients remains unclear.

Antiarrhythmic drugs for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with refractory ventricular fibrillation.

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency medicine 2017. Other selected articles can be found online at http://ccforum.com/series/annualupdate2017 .

Antithrombin use and 28-day in-hospital mortality among severe-burn patients: an observational nationwide study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that antithrombin may be beneficial for treating coagulopathy in patients with severe burns. However, robust evidence for this idea is lacking. We examined the hypothesis that antithrombin may be effective in treating patients with severe burns.

A primary esophageal MALT lymphoma patient with infection achieved complete remission after eradication without anti-lymphoma treatment.

Primary esophageal lymphoma is an extremely rare disease. We report a 76-year-old woman with esophageal lymphoma who achieved remission after (HP) eradication. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a mass in the lower esophagus, and she was diagnosed with stage IE mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

The prognostic impact of gender in patients with acute heart failure - An evaluation of the age of female patients with severely decompensated acute heart failure.

Background: The gender differences in the prognosis of Asian patients with acute heart failure (AHF) remain to be elucidated.

Methods And Results: One thousand fifty AHF patients were enrolled. The patients were assigned to a female group (n=354) and a male group (n=696).

A new shielding calculation method for X-ray computed tomography regarding scattered radiation.

The goal of this study is to develop a more appropriate shielding calculation method for computed tomography (CT) in comparison with the Japanese conventional (JC) method and the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)-dose length product (DLP) method. Scattered dose distributions were measured in a CT room with 18 scanners (16 scanners in the case of the JC method) for one week during routine clinical use. The radiation doses were calculated for the same period using the JC and NCRP-DLP methods.

Pott's Puffy Tumor in an Adult: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Pott's puffy tumor is a subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone with osteomyelitis which has become rare because of the widespread use of antibiotics. Here, we report a case of Pott's puffy tumor in a 46-year-old man who visited the department of dermatology with painful swelling of the forehead. Despite open drainage and oral antibiotic therapy, the symptoms recurred twice in the following month.

Mediastinoscopy-assisted Transhiatal Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Single-Institutional Cohort Study.

We compared the therapeutic outcomes of mediastinoscopy-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy (MATHE) with transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE), and with video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy (VATS-E) for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Twenty patients underwent MATHE in our institute from 2001 to 2005 were enrolled. We evaluated the therapeutic outcomes, including perioperative complications and long-term prognosis after surgery, and compared these with 15 patients who underwent TTE during the same time period and 15 who underwent VATS-E at a later date.

A Japanese prospective multi-institutional feasibility study on accelerated partial breast irradiation using interstitial brachytherapy: clinical results with a median follow-up of 26 months.

Background: A Japanese prospective multi-institutional feasibility study on accelerated partial breast irradiation using interstitial brachytherapy was performed. The first clinical results were reported with a median follow-up of 26 months.

Patients And Methods: Forty-six female breast cancer patients with positive hormone receptors and tumors ≤3 cm, pN0M0, completed the protocol treatment.

Standard curves of placental weight and fetal/placental weight ratio in Japanese population: difference according to the delivery mode, fetal sex, or maternal parity.

Objectives: Placental weight (PW) and fetal/placental weight ratio (F/P) have been considered to be useful parameters for understanding the pathophysiology of fetal growth. However, there have been no standard data on PW and F/P in Asian populations. This study was conducted to establish nomograms of PW and F/P in the Japanese population and to clarify characteristics of PW and F/P in this population.

Early antibiotics administration during targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide database study.

Background: Patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest are reportedly at high risk for infection and sepsis, especially those treated with targeted temperature management (TTM). There is, however, limited evidence suggesting that early antibiotic use improves patient outcomes. We examined the hypothesis that early treatment with antibiotics reduces mortality in patients with cardiac arrest receiving TTM.

Association between frequency of fried food consumption and resilience to depression in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Long-chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3/n-6 PUFA) play important roles in emotional regulation. We previously reported an association between fish consumption, which is major source of LC n-3 PUFA, and resilience to depression, where resilience is the ability to cope with stress in the face of adversity. Although the traditional Japanese dietary pattern of high fish consumption is associated with low depressive symptoms, the current Japanese diet pattern has become westernized.

Impact of Blood Pressure Control on Thromboembolism and Major Hemorrhage in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Subanalysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry.

Background: To clarify the influence of hypertension and blood pressure (BP) control on thromboembolism and major hemorrhage in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, a post hoc analysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry was performed.

Methods And Results: A consecutive series of outpatients with atrial fibrillation was enrolled from 158 institutions. Of 7937 patients, 7406 with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (70.

Amiodarone Compared with Lidocaine for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest with Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation on Hospital Arrival: a Nationwide Database Study.

Purpose: The latest resuscitation guidelines recommend the use of amiodarone in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) to improve the rates of return of spontaneous circulation. However, there is limited evidence to suggest that amiodarone is superior to lidocaine with respect to survival at discharge. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hypothesis that amiodarone is superior to lidocaine with regard to the rate of survival to hospital discharge for OHCA patients with VF/pulseless VT (pVT) on hospital arrival.