Diurnal Regulation of SOS Pathway and Sodium Excretion Underlying Salinity Tolerance of Vigna marina.

Vigna marina (Barm.) Merr. is adapted to tropical marine beaches and has an outstanding tolerance to salt stress.

An At-labeled alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analog for targeted alpha therapy of metastatic melanoma.

Purpose: Patients who develop metastatic melanoma have a very poor prognosis, and new treatments are needed to improve the response rates. Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) is a promising target for radionuclide therapy of metastatic melanoma, and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) peptide analogs show high affinities to MC1Rs. Because targeted alpha therapy (TAT) can be a desirable treatment for metastatic melanoma, this study aimed to develop an At-labeled α-MSH peptide analog for TAT of metastatic melanoma.

Measuring the sensitivity of imaging plates to keV carbon ions.

Imaging plates (IPs) are valuable tools for measuring the intensity of ionizing radiation such as x-rays, electrons, and ions. In this work, we measured the sensitivity of IPs to carbon ions in the unexplored energy region of 0.7-10 keV.

A mutation in DNA polymerase γ harbours a shortened lifespan and high sensitivity to mutagens in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa.

Hyphal elongation is the vegetative growth of filamentous fungi, and many species continuously elongate their hyphal tips over long periods. The details of the mechanisms for maintaining continuous growth are not yet clear. A novel short lifespan mutant of N.

ESR measurement of carbonated hydroxyapatite for dosemeter.

We have examined a dosimetry characteristic of carbonate hydroxyapatite (CO3HAp), which is a dental bone graft material. The purpose of this work is to investigate the reproducibility and stability of radiation-induced radicals on CO3HAp samples and assess the feasibility of using these materials as dosemeters. CO3HAp samples were exposed to gamma rays with dose range from 10 to 10 000 Gy.

Evaluation of materials for developing a new individual dosemeter using electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Alanine dosemeters are widely used as solid dosemeters; however, evaluating doses in the mGy order of radiation is difficult because of their lower sensitivity for low doses. We applied the electron spin resonance dosimetry technique to investigate whether hydroxyapatite, the main component of teeth, is a suitable material for a new dosemeter to detect radiation from mGy to Gy. Commercially available synthetic hydroxyapatite possesses the essential characteristics required for a dosemeter material and has been demonstrated to accurately measure doses in the mGy to Gy range.

Extracellular ATP Release Triggered by I-Trastuzumab Mitigates Radiation-Induced Reduction in Cell Viability through the P2Y Receptor in SKOV3 Cells.

Intracellular ATP is released outside cells by various stimuli and is involved in cytoprotection by activating purinergic receptors. However, it remains unclear whether targeted radionuclide therapy induces extracellular ATP release. Here, we prepared I-labeled trastuzumab (I-trastuzumab) and examined extracellular ATP release and its roles in I-trastuzumab's growth inhibitory effects.

Space radiation research with heavy ions at HIMAC.

The HIMAC (Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba) was originally designed principally for carbon ion therapy, but heavy ion research projects in medicine, physics, chemistry and biology have been conducted under a collaborative research framework since 1994. One major application is space radiation research. The radiation in space of greatest interest for human space exploration consists of energetic protons and heavy ions which can affect the health of space crew and lead to the failure of electronic devices.

Installation of superacidic carbon acid moieties into polymer materials post-polymerization modification.

In the fields of polymer and material chemistries, strong acid units have mainly included sulfonic acids, which has limited the extension of related material chemistries. Here, a unique carbon acid functionality, namely the bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]methyl group, was integrated with polymers a simple postpolymerization modification with the outstandingly electrophilic 1,1-bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]ethylene. The proposed synthesis protocol was verified as an efficient process even for solid-state reactions.

Development of a GAGG gamma camera for the imaging of prompt gammas during proton beam irradiation.

Prompt gammas imaging (PGI) is a promising method for observing a beam's shape and estimating the range of the beam from outside a subject. However 2-dimensional images of prompt gammas (PGs) during irradiation of protons were still difficult to measure. To achieve PGI, we developed a new gamma camera and imaged PGs while irradiating a phantom by proton beams.

Single candidate gene for salt tolerance of (Ohwi) Ohwi & Ohashi identified by QTL mapping, whole genome sequencing and triplicated RNA-seq analyses.

Salt tolerance has been an important issue as a solution for soil salinization and groundwater depletion. To challenge this issue, genetic diversity of wild plants must be harnessed. Here we report a discovery of a candidate gene for salt tolerance in , one of the coastal species in the genus .

Differential contributions of double-strand break repair pathways to DNA rearrangements following the irradiation of Arabidopsis seeds and seedlings with ion beams.

DNA rearrangements, including inversions, translocations, and large insertions/deletions (indels), are crucial for crop evolution, domestication, and improvement. The rearrangements are frequently induced by ion beams via the mis-repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Unfortunately, how ion beam-induced DSBs are repaired has not been comprehensively analyzed and the mechanisms underlying DNA rearrangements remain unclear.

Intravital microscopic thermometry of rat mammary epithelium by fluorescent nanodiamond.

Quantum sensing using the fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) nitrogen-vacancy center enables physical/chemical measurements of the microenvironment, although application of such measurements in living mammals poses significant challenges due to the unknown biodistribution and toxicity of FNDs, the limited penetration of visible light for quantum state manipulation/measurement, and interference from physiological motion. Here, we describe a microenvironmental thermometry technique using FNDs in rat mammary epithelium, an important model for mammary gland biology and breast cancer research. FNDs were injected directly into the mammary gland.

Aurantiochytrium mutant strains exhibiting different colony colors altered the contents of squalene.

Aurantiochytrium sp. 18W-13a, a marine heterotrophic protist belonging to the genus thraustochytrid, is known to accumulate high levels of squalene and carotenoids. Nowadays, the mutagenesis breeding of microorganisms is still widely practiced because the induced mutations of DNA do not involve the permanent integration of heterologous DNA sequences.

Hydroxyl radical scavenging and chemical repair capabilities of positively charged peptides (PCPs): a pulse radiolysis study.

Pulse radiolysis was employed to investigate fundamental radiation chemical reactions, which are essential in the radiation protection of DNA. Two positively charged peptides (PCPs), histidine-tyrosine-histidine (His-Tyr-His) and lysine-tyrosine-lysine (Lys-Tyr-Lys), as well as the amino acids that constitute them, were involved. The reaction rate constants for tyrosine (Tyr), histidine (His), lysine (Lys), His-Tyr-His, and Lys-Tyr-Lys with OH radicals (OH) were (1.

Characterization of organelle DNA degradation mediated by DPD1 exonuclease in the rice genome-edited line.

Mitochondria and plastids, originated as ancestral endosymbiotic bacteria, contain their own DNA sequences. These organelle DNAs (orgDNAs) are, despite the limited genetic information they contain, an indispensable part of the genetic systems but exist as multiple copies, making up a substantial amount of total cellular DNA. Given this abundance, orgDNA is known to undergo tissue-specific degradation in plants.

Targeted metabolomics and transcript profiling of methyltransferases in three coffee species.

Coffee plants contain well-known xanthines as caffeine. Three Coffea species grown in a controlled greenhouse environment were the focus of this research. Coffea arabica and C.

Simple and convenient preconcentration procedure for the isotopic analysis of uranium in seawater.

The demand for monitoring anthropogenic U isotopes, U and U, in seawater will continue to increase due to radioecological issues and the need for tools for environmental dynamics research. In response to this growing demand, herein, a novel and simple method was developed for the collection of U isotopes in seawater, both in the laboratory and field, using a fabric-like amidoxime adsorbent. The results from the adsorption studies showed that the optimum conditions for processing seawater in a glass beaker were as follows: seawater pH 4, amidoxime adsorbent 0.

[Validation of Quantitative Accuracy and Variability in Lu Imaging Using Monte Carlo Simulation].

Purpose: To predict side effects and optimize injection doses in the dosimetry of Lu imaging, highly accurate quantitative SPECT images are required. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to verify the accuracy and variability of quantitative values for Lu imaging under various imaging conditions.

Methods: SPECT data of NEMA body phantom were assumed to simulate intrahepatic tumors 6 h after administration of 7.

Diffusion-Dominated Luminescence Dynamics of CsPbBr Studied Using Cathodoluminescence and Microphotoluminescence Spectroscopy.

Time-resolved or time-correlation measurements using cathodoluminescence (CL) reveal the electronic and optical properties of semiconductors, such as their carrier lifetimes, at the nanoscale. However, halide perovskites, which are promising optoelectronic materials, exhibit significantly different decay dynamics in their CL and photoluminescence (PL). We conducted time-correlation CL measurements of CsPbBr using Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometry and compared them with time-resolved PL.