One-Stage Nerve Repair for Post-Ganglionic Brachial Plexus Injury by Using Ipsilateral Ruptured Ulnar Nerve as a Donor for Axillary Artery Rupture with Open Wound.

Open axillary arterial injury is life-threatening, and upper-extremity reperfusion must be performed within approximately 6 h. We present the case of a patient who underwent reperfusion of the upper limb and nerve reconstruction of the post-ganglionic brachial plexus injury in one stage while maintaining stable vital signs. The injury was an avulsion with no fracture.

Microsurgical penile revascularization for ischemic erectile dysfunction:Cumulative effective rate over time and factors affecting surgical outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the cumulative effectiveness of microsurgical penile revascularization over time and factors that affect surgical outcomes.

Subjects And Methods: This study analyzed 114 men with a median age of 30.5 years.

Exploring sex differences in auditory saliency: the role of acoustic characteristics in bottom-up attention.

Background: Several cognitive functions are related to sex. However, the relationship between auditory attention and sex remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore sex differences in auditory saliency judgments, with a particular focus on bottom-up type auditory attention.

Cutaneous ureterostomy following robot-assisted radical cystectomy: a multicenter comparative study of transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal techniques.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in perioperative outcomes between transperitoneal and retroperitoneal techniques in cutaneous ureterostomy (CUS).

Methods: Between 2018 and 2023, 55 patients underwent CUS following robot-assisted radical cystectomy. Among the 55 patients, we compared 33 patients who underwent transperitoneal CUS (t-CUS) and 22 who underwent retroperitoneal CUS (r-CUS).

Recovery of the hibernating cavernosum by penile revascularization.

Objective: Chronic ischemia-related cavernous dysfunction is considered irreversible. However, in certain patients, cavernous function appears to recover with penile revascularization. In this study, we investigated a potential cavernous dysfunction reversibility from a clinical perspective.

Two-Step Operation for Aortoesophageal Fistula After Thoracic Endovascular Repair.

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) caused after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is rare but a serious complication. We report a successful staged operation for AEF after TEVAR. A 70-year-old male underwent TEVAR for a ruptured aneurysm of the descending aorta and subsequently developed AEF three months later.

Viral eradication reduces all-cause mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection who had received direct-acting antiviral therapy.

Background And Aims: The impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication via direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy on overall mortality, particularly non-liver-related mortality, is understudied.

Methods: We recruited 4180 patients with chronic HCV infection who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) (HCV eradication) through DAA therapy (n = 2501, SVR group) or who did not receive antiviral therapy (n = 1679, non-SVR group); 1236 from each group were chosen using propensity score matching. Causes of death and all-cause mortality, including non-liver-related diseases, were investigated.

Change in Liver Function in Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Maintaining liver function throughout the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial, yet the impact of durvalumab plus tremelimumab (DT) treatment on liver function is not well understood. This multicenter study aimed to examine the changes in liver function during DT treatment.

Patients And Methods: This nationwide multicenter study included 80 patients who received DT treatment for unresectable HCC.

Clinical Outcomes and Histologic Findings of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Durable Partial Response or Durable Stable Disease After Receiving Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab.

Purpose: Durable partial response (PR) and durable stable disease (SD) are often seen in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo-bev). This study investigates the outcome of these patients and the histopathology of the residual tumors.

Patients And Methods: The IMbrave150 study's atezo-bev group was analyzed.

Association of schizophrenia with fracture-related femoral neck displacement: A cross-sectional retrospective study.

Aim: Fracture-related femoral neck displacement is more likely in patients with schizophrenia because of delayed diagnosis, as these patients frequently have less severe fracture-associated subjective symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the association of schizophrenia with the risk of fracture-related femoral neck displacement in hospitalized patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with femoral neck fractures treated between April 2013 and March 2018 at a single institution.

Bexarotene-induced hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia; a nation-wide study.

Central hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia are well-known adverse events (AEs) of bexarotene therapy. Although hypothyroidism is known to cause dyslipidemia, no study has examined the association between hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia in patients undergoing bexarotene therapy. The aim of this study is to examine this association.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in younger versus older adults with renal cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Our study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) between younger and older patients after adjusting for their background differences. We particularly assessed RAPN outcomes and safety in older patients.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 559 patients clinically diagnosed with T1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and treated with RAPN between 2013 and 2022 at five institutions in Japan.

Kinetics of the hepatitis B core-related antigen and treatment responses in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with tenofovir alafenamide.

Aim: An association between hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) kinetics and hepatocarcinogenesis during nucleoside (t)id analog (NA) treatment has recently been reported. HBcrAg kinetics and factors associated with HBcrAg response during tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) administration remain unclear. In this multicenter retrospective study, we aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of TAF in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B, focusing on the reduction in HBcrAg levels.

Impact of lymph node dissection on surgical and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

This study was performed to clarify the therapeutic and diagnostic roles of lymph node dissection (LND) by examining the impact of LND and lymph node yield (LNY) on oncological outcomes in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). Between 2014 and 2021, 216 patients underwent LND during RARC at Tokushima University Hospital and affiliated hospitals. Among the 216 patients, we compared 115 patients with an LNY of ≥ 20 and 101 with an LNY of < 20 to investigate the impact of LNY on surgical and oncological outcomes.

Clinical effects of tacrolimus blood concentrations early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background Aims: Tacrolimus (TAC) plus short-term methotrexate (stMTX) is used for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). TAC blood concentrations are frequently adjusted to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia/lymphoma effect or attenuate severe GVHD. Limited information is available on the clinical impact of these adjustments and the optimal time to perform them in order to achieve good clinical outcomes.

Aberrant DNA Methylation of NPTX2 as an Indicator of Malignant Behavior in Thymic Epithelial Tumors.

Thymic epithelial tumors (TET) consist of thymomas, thymic carcinoma (TC), and neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus (NECTT). Genetic and epigenetic alterations in TET have been the focus of recent research. In the present study, genome-wide screening was performed on aberrantly methylated CpG islands in TET, and this identified neuronal pentraxin 2 (NTPX2) as a significantly hypermethylated CpG island in TC relative to thymomas.