Dealloying-Derived Porous Spinel Oxide for Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis and Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries: Promotion of Activity Via Hereditary Al-Doping.

The large-scale fabrication of highly efficient and low-cost bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical to the development of rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a scalable dealloying strategy was proposed to obtain hierarchically porous spinel-type oxide with minor hereditary Al doping. Benefiting from the well-structured porosity and native dopant, O-np-Ni Co (Al), namely Al-NiCo O , exhibited excellent electrocatalytic ORR and OER activities, giving a small potential gap of 0.

Linear Chain Conditional Random Field for Operating Mode Identification and Multimode Process Monitoring.

As a supervised machine learning algorithm, conditional random fields are mainly used for fault classification, which cannot detect new unknown faults. In addition, faulty variable location based on them has not been studied. In this paper, conditional random fields with a linear chain structure are utilized for modeling multimode processes with transitions.

Deposition potential of 0.003-10 µm ambient particles in the humidified human respiratory tract: Contribution of new particle formation events in Beijing.

Ultrafine particles (UFPs) usually explosive growth during new particle formation (NPF) events. However, the risk of exposure to UFPs on NPF days has been ignored due to the prevalence of mass-based air quality standards. In this study, the daily deposited doses, i.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Al/Mg Magnetic Pulse Welding Joints.

In this investigation, 1060Al/AZ31B welded joints were obtained by magnetic pulse welding technique. In order to test the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints, the welded joints were annealed at different temperatures and then examined by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS) and mechanical properties testing. The testing results of the welded joints annealed at different temperatures showed that the Al-Mg MPW welded joints were well bonded.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of GeTe-Based Composites Incorporated with Fe Nanoparticles.

Incorporated nanoscale phases in thermoelectric (TE) materials can optimize the electronic and thermal transport properties to obtain high-performance TE materials. The rapid spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique is adopted to synthesize GeBiTe composites incorporated with soft magnetic Fe nanoparticles (nano-Fe) and their thermoelectric performance is researched in this study. With the phase transition of the GeBiTe matrix from the low-temperature rhombohedral phase to the high-temperature cubic one, the interface contact between GeBiTe and nano-Fe is transformed from Schottky contact to Ohmic one, which improves its electronic transport performance at high temperatures.

Trapping Hydrogen Atoms in Vacancies of LiTiO Crystal: A First-Principles Study.

The hydrogen atom capacity in the vacancies of the LiTiO crystal is systematically studied by the first-principles method to evaluate its tritium release performance as a solid breeder material in nuclear fusion reactors. The adsorption process of adding hydrogen atoms one by one in the vacancy are investigated to find the possible adsorption sites of the hydrogen atoms in the vacancy. The charge transfer and density of states analysis are performed to reveal the form of a hydrogen-hydrogen dimer in the vacancy.

Effect of multiple washing operations on the removal of potentially toxic metals from an alkaline farmland soil and the strategy for agricultural reuse.

Few studies have carried out soil washing experiments using pot experiments to simulate in situ soil washing operations, particularly for alkaline soils. This study explored the effects of multiple washing operations using pot experiments on the removal efficiencies of potentially toxic metals (PTM) from alkaline farmland soil and the reuse strategy of washed soil for safe agricultural production. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn after seven washings with a mixed chelator (EDTA, GLDA, and citric acid) were 41.

Emission Characteristics and Health Risks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Measured in a Typical Recycled Rubber Plant in China.

The continued development of the automotive industry has led to a rapid increase in the amount of waste rubber tires, the problem of "black pollution" has become more serious but is often ignored. In this study, the emission characteristics, health risks, and environmental effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a typical, recycled rubber plant were studied. A total of 15 samples were collected by summa canisters, and 100 VOC species were detected by the GC/MS-FID system.

Deep Learning Target Detection System for Sewage Treatment.

Object detection is to identify objects and then find some objects of interest. With the development of computers, target detection has evolved from traditional detection methods to artificial intelligence methods, and the latter are mainly based on some algorithms of deep learning. This paper mainly tests the treated sewage.

Investigation on the Interface Morphology of Mg/Al Corrugated Composite Plate in the Straightening Process.

The Mg/Al composite plate was developed in aerospace and other fields. At present, through the corrugated rolling method, the bonding strength of Mg/Al composite plate could be increased and the warpage could be reduced. However, this still requires the straightening process to reach the parameters' range.

Mussel-inspired polyethylene glycol coating for constructing antifouling membrane for water purification.

Hypothesis: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) holds considerable potential in the fabrication of antifouling surfaces due to its strong hydration property. However, anchoring PEG polymer as a stable surface coating is still challenging because of its weak surface bonding property. Inspired by the mussel adhesion strategy, it is hypothesized that PEG polymer can be robustly attached onto substrates with the assistance of a "bio-glue" layer.

Causal mediation analysis of the impacts of distracted driving on crash injury risks.

Distracted driving can pose great risks to road traffic safety. Although there is a rich body of literature devoted to identifying the statistical association between distracted driving and crash risks, few are available to examine the causal effect mechanism of distracted driving. Thus, the study attempts to conduct the causal mediation analysis to reveal the impact mechanism of distracted driving on crash injury risks, in which various hazardous driving actions are used as the mediators between driver distraction and crash injuries.

Optimal Rotational Angular Velocity Determination Method Based on Compound Rotary Semi-Strapdown Inertial Navigation System.

Single-axis rotation modulation (SRM) still accumulates errors in the roll axis direction, which leads to the navigation accuracy not meeting the requirements of guided missiles. Compound rotation modulation (CRM) superimposes one-dimensional rotation on the basis of SRM, so that the error of the projectile in the direction of the roll axis is also modulated. However, the error suppression effect of CRM is not only affected by the error of the IMU itself, but also related to the modulation angular velocity.

Artifact-Assisted multi-level and multi-scale feature fusion attention network for low-dose CT denoising.

Background And Objective: Since low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) images typically have higher noise that may affect accuracy of disease diagnosis, the objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a new artifact-assisted feature fusion attention (AAFFA) network to extract and reduce image artifact and noise in LDCT images.

Methods: In AAFFA network, a feature fusion attention block is constructed for local multi-scale artifact feature extraction and progressive fusion from coarse to fine. A multi-level fusion architecture based on skip connection and attention modules is also introduced for artifact feature extraction.

Cost-effective microwave-assisted hydrothermal rapid synthesis of analcime-activated carbon composite from coal gangue used for Pb adsorption.

Heavy metal contamination of water has brought about serious harm to the ecological environment and also threatens human health to a certain extent. In this study, a composite structure comprised of analcime-activated carbon (ANA-AC) was synthesized in situ via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method using coal gangue (CG) for the potential treatment of Pb from aqueous solution. The products were systematically characterized using XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, and XPS.

Release characteristics of elemental mercury during low calorific value coal combustion.

The dynamic release characteristics of Hg during low calorific value coal combustion were investigated in a combining laboratory-scale furnace coupled with atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the sulfur has an inhibitory effect on the homogeneous oxidation of Hg in flue gas. The instant intensity of Hg release increases with increasing temperature while the amount of Hg release gradually decreases with increasing temperature.

Design and Application of Major Sports Events Management Information System Based on Integration Algorithm.

With the rapid development of social economy and the change of ideology, people are increasingly enthusiastic about participating in sports events. How to make better use of the existing massive network data of sports events to solve the overload of information circulation of sports events has become a potential application problem to promote the development of sports information digitalization. Based on this problem orientation, this paper chooses to study the common characteristics of the current Internet data of sports events and the corresponding and applicable event recommendation technology and constructs feasible event recommendation model as the main direction of solution.

The loading speed facilitating stress relaxation behaviors of surface-modified silicon: a molecular dynamics study.

Time-dependent plastic deformation commonly exists in silicon-based microelectronic contact. The stress relaxation behaviors of SiO/Si bilayer composite are studied using molecular dynamics simulation by varying loading speed. The results imply that the indentation force decreases sharply at the initial and linearly towards the end of holding, and the amount of stress relaxation increases with the increasing loading speed.

Physicochemical characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of polysaccharides from five cultivars of Chrysanthemi Flos.

This study compared the physicochemical characteristics and immunomodulatory activities of chrysanthemums' polysaccharides (JPs) from five cultivars. Significant differences were found in the molecular weights, the ratios of monosaccharide compositions, and morphological properties. Polysaccharides of Gongju (GJP) had the lowest molecular weight populations and polysaccharides of Boju (BJP) had the highest.

Characterization of four mitochondrial genomes of Crambidae (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea) and phylogenetic implications.

Loxostege turbidalis, Loxostege aeruginalis, Pyrausta despicata, and Crambus perlellus belong to Crambidae, Pyraloidea. Their mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) were successfully sequenced. The mitogenomes of L.

Highly stretchable, elastic, antimicrobial conductive hydrogels with environment-adaptive adhesive property for health monitoring.

Hypothesis: Development of soft conductive materials has enabled the promising future of wearable electronics for motion sensing. However, conventional soft conductive materials typically lack robust adhesive and on-demand removable properties for a target substrate. Therefore, it is believed that the integration of superior mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and tunable adhesive properties into hydrogels would support and improve their reliable sensing performance.

Satisfaction differences in bus traveling among low-income individuals before and after COVID-19.

Although all cities in China have promulgated public transportation control measures to choke off the spread of COVID-19, it also has brought severe changes to low-income individuals' bus traveling. However, the study focusing on satisfaction differences in bus traveling before and after COVID-19 is far under-researched, this paper therefore explored satisfaction differences among low-income individuals under socioeconomic attributes, traveling attributes, and psychological attributes by using the data consist of interviews addressed to 930 individuals in Taiyuan, China. Furthermore, the relationship between satisfaction levels and modes of traveling alone and traveling with companions by bus has also been deeply analyzed to reduce single-person driving problem.

Vertically Aligned Silicon Carbide Nanowires/Boron Nitride Cellulose Aerogel Networks Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Electromagnetic Absorbing of Epoxy Composites.

With the innovation of microelectronics technology, the heat dissipation problem inside the device will face a severe test. In this work, cellulose aerogel (CA) with highly enhanced thermal conductivity (TC) in vertical planes was successfully obtained by constructing a vertically aligned silicon carbide nanowires (SiC NWs)/boron nitride (BN) network via the ice template-assisted strategy. The unique network structure of SiC NWs connected to BN ensures that the TC of the composite in the vertical direction reaches 2.

Tracing the Active Phase and Dynamics for Carbon Nanofiber Growth on Nickel Catalyst Using Environmental Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Benefitting from outstanding ability of CC reforming and hydrogen activation, nickel is widely applied for heterogeneous catalysis or producing high-quality carbon structures. This high activity simultaneously induces uncontrollable carbon formation, known as coking. However, the activity origin for growing carbon species remains in debate between the on metallic facets induction and nickel carbide segregation.

Climate Warming Since the Holocene Accelerates West-East Communication for the Eurasian Temperate Water Strider Species Aquarius paludum.

Holocene climate warming has dramatically altered biological diversity and distributions. Recent human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases will exacerbate global warming and thus induce threats to cold-adapted taxa. However, the impacts of this major climate change on transcontinental temperate species are still poorly understood.