Drug Development.

Background: The initiation of amyloid plaque deposition signifies a crucial stage in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, which often coincides with the disruption of neural circuits and cognitive decline. While the role of excitatory-inhibitory balance is increasingly recognized in AD pathophysiology, targeted therapies to modulate this balance remain underexplored. This study investigates the effect of perampanel, a selective non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist, in modulating neurophysiological changes in hAPP-J20 transgenic Alzheimer's mice.

Drug Development.

Background: Epidemiological studies report an elevated risk of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is mitigated in those prescribed incretin mimetics or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is). Incretin mimetic repurposing appears promising in human PD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. DPP-4Is are yet to be evaluated in PD or AD human studies.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complex in pathogenesis and related to aging biology, especially in late-onset AD. We identified a novel synthetic curcumin analog TML-6 through the platform of 6 biomarkers of anti-aging, anti-inflammation, and anti-Aβ as the potential AD drug candidate. TML-6 exhibits multi-target effects on AD pathogenesis, including the activation of NrF-2, the regulation of autophagic machinery through mTOR, the inhibition of APP synthesis and reduction of Aβ, the upregulation of ApoE, and the inhibition of microglial activation.

Drug Development.

Background: Microglial activation is one of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence suggest that chronic activation of microglia cause neuroinflammation and neuronal injuries, contributing to cognitive impairment. Therefore, modulation of microglial pathway like CSF-1R represents an attractive therapeutic strategy.

Improving the Thermal Stability of Indium Oxide n-Type Field-Effect Transistors by Enhancing Crystallinity through Ultrahigh-Temperature Rapid Thermal Annealing.

Ultrathin indium oxide films show great potential as channel materials of complementary metal oxide semiconductor back-end-of-line transistors due to their high carrier mobility, smooth surface, and low leakage current. However, it has severe thermal stability problems (unstable and negative threshold voltage shifts at high temperatures). In this paper, we clarified how the improved crystallinity of indium oxide by using ultrahigh-temperature rapid thermal O annealing could reduce donor-like defects and suppress thermal-induced defects, drastically enhancing thermal stability.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Effect of dynamic lighting on sleep were studied since 1980's. Traditional light sources were used due to lack of advancement in technology and also researchers assumed illuminance as cause of melatonin suppression. This led researchers to use high illuminance to suppress melatonin at day time.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: 65% of persons with dementia (PWD) suffer from disturbed sleeping patterns and 28% experience vision related falls. Improved lighting has been shown in numerous studies since the 1980s to mitigate these effects.

Method: Computer code was written to optimize the spectra and intensity of light for vision and non-vision purposes over a 24-hour cycle based on off-the-shelf LEDs.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The global increase in dementia cases underscores the need for community-based services, particularly for older adults who spend significant time in their neighborhoods. This context profoundly influences cognitive function and quality of life, especially in those at high risk of cognitive impairment. Despite its importance, neighborhood cohesion has not been extensively studied in this group.

Factors Associated with Postoperative Pain Trajectory, Nausea and Vomiting After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: Postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting adversely affect postoperative rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to identify factors associated with postoperative pain trajectory and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and evaluated the effects of different analgesic modalities.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing unilateral primary TKA from 2017 to 2022.

Measurement Invariance of the First Years Inventory (FYIv3.1) Across Age and Sex for Early Detection of Autism in a Community Sample of Infants.

The use of parent-report screeners for early detection of autism is time- and cost-efficient in clinical settings but their utility may vary by respondent characteristics. This study aimed to examine the degree to which infants' age and sex impacted parental reports of early behavioral signs of autism captured by the First Years Inventory Version 3.1 (FYIv3.

Technology and Dementia Preconference.

Background: Effect of dynamic lighting on sleep were studied since 1980's. Traditional light sources were used due to lack of advancement in technology and also researchers assumed illuminance as cause of melatonin suppression. This led researchers to use high illuminance to suppress melatonin at day time.

Treatment of anterior rim fractures of the distal radius with an anterior rim plate: A retrospective study.

Treatment of distal radial fractures that include small anterior rim fragments can be difficult. We retrospectively reviewed 19 patients in whom an anterior rim plate with locking screws was used. After a median follow-up of 18 months (range 6-32; interquartile range (IQR) 14, 26), the median wrist flexion and extension arc was 70° (range 50-80; IQR 60, 70), the median grip strength was 80% of the contralateral side (range 52-104; IQR 77, 88), the median visual analogue scale score for pain was 0 (range 0-5; IQR 0, 1), the median disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 2 (range 0-59; IQR 0, 11) and the median modified Mayo wrist score was 80 (range 35-100; IQR 75, 85).

The Impact of Body Mass Index and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Bone Health of Middle-Aged and Older Men.

Objective: Osteoporosis significantly affects older adults by reducing bone mass and increasing fracture risk, thereby impacting morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), and trabecular bone score (TBS) among middle-aged and older men with or without benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using health examination data from male participants aged 50-98 years collected at a regional hospital in southern Taiwan.

Environmental PM Exposure: An Ignored Factor Associated with Blood Cadmium Level in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background: The negative impacts of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM) are well known. Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have significantly higher blood cadmium levels (BCLs) than healthy individuals.

Enhancement of Interferon-γ Secretion by Extract Supplementation After Exhaustive Endurance Exercise in Healthy Men: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

To investigate the effects of 12-week extract supplementation on immune responses and inflammatory cytokines after exhaustive endurance exercise (EEE), emphasizing its novel focus on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cytokine secretion and the implications of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) as a marker for immune modulation. Twenty healthy men were recruited and assigned into maca and placebo groups using a matched-pair design based on their maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O). All participants consumed 2.

The association between grade of coronary heart disease and risk of developing keratopathy: a nationwide cohort study.

To evaluate the association between coronary heart disease (CHD) severity and the risk of developing keratopathy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A total of 593100, 593100 and 296500 patients were included in the control, mild CHD and severe CHD groups, respectively.

Short-term outcomes after robot-assisted versus open radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: an analysis of the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample of 2005-2018.

: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with worse surgical outcomes, and is a risk factor for bladder cancer and subsequent oncological outcomes. This study evaluated outcomes robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) compared to open radical cystectomy (ORC) in patients with DM. : Data of adults ≥ 18 years old with DM who underwent radical cystectomy were extracted from the United States National Inpatient Sample database 2005-2018.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy attenuates brain radiation-induced cognitive deficits in rats.

Effective therapies for cognitive impairments induced by brain irradiation are currently lacking. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for radiation-induced brain injury in a randomized controlled experimental model using adult male Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: 0 Gy whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with normal baric air (NBA) treatment, 0 Gy WBRT with HBOT, 10 Gy WBRT with NBA, and 10 Gy WBRT with HBOT.

Cerebral white matter damage in patients with end-stage kidney disease associates with cognitive impairment.

Background: Damage to brain white matter often occurs in individuals with chronic kidney disease, which might be related to their cognitive decline. This study aims to investigate tract-specific white matter damage in patients with end-stage kidney disease by using fixel-based analysis.

Methods: Images of 31 end-stage kidney disease patients and 16 normal controls (aged: 61.

The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8 Inhibitor E966-0530-45418 Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis and .

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a high-mortality lung disease with limited treatment options, highlighting the need for new therapies. Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a promising target due to its role in regulating transcription via the TGF-β/Smad pathway, though CDK8 inhibitors have not been thoroughly studied for PF. This study aims to evaluate the potential of E966-0530-45418, a novel CDK8 inhibitor, in mitigating PF progression and explores its underlying mechanisms.

Uncovering the Role of in Prostate Cancer: Insights from Genetic and Expression Analyses.

Biochemical recurrence (BCR) is a critical concern in prostate cancer management; however, its underlying genetic determinants remain poorly understood. The () gene family is involved in cellular detoxification and biosynthetic processes and has been implicated in various cancers. This study investigated the association between the family members and prostate cancer recurrence.

Distinct roles of small extracellular vesicles from resident and infiltrating macrophages on glioma growth and mobility.

Previous studies revealed that tumor-associated macrophages/microglia (TAMs) promoted glioma invasiveness during tumor progression and after radiotherapy. However, the communication of TAMs with tumor cells remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from TAMs in TAMs-mediated brain tumor invasion.

Evaluating the potential of in alleviation of aluminium stress in .

Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as aluminum (Al)] is becoming a serious global problem due to the rapid development of the social economy. Although plant growth-promoting rhizo-bacteria (PGPR) are the major protectants to alleviate metal toxicity, the study of these bacteria to ameliorate the toxic effects of Al is limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of different levels of (5 ppm and 10 ppm) of accession number of MT123456 on plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress and response of antioxidant compounds (enzymatic and nonenzymatic), and their specific gene expression, sugars, nutritional status of the plant, organic acid exudation pattern and Al accumulation from the different parts of the plants, which was spiked with different levels of Al [0 µM (i.

The Mindful Compassion Program Integrated with Body-Mind-Spirit Empowerment for Reducing Depression in Lung Cancer Patient-Caregiver Dyads.

This study compared the long-term effects of a mindful compassion program on improving depression in lung cancer patients, both in patient-caregiver dyads and in patient-only groups, and examined the moderating roles of anxiety and quality of life (QOL). Participants consisted of 56 dyads, who were randomly assigned to either the dyadic or patient-only groups. Data collection included various assessments at different time points: baseline (T0), end of intervention (T1), and follow-up at the 5th month (T2), 8th month (T3), and 14th month (T4).

Delayed open-heart operation to remove migrated intracardiac inferior vena cava stents in a living donor liver transplantation recipient: a case report.

Intracardiac migration of inferior vena cava (IVC) filter or stent is a rare but potentially fatal complication of endovascular venous device placement. There is no consensus whether migrated stents should be surgically removed by open cardiac surgery or retrieved by the percutaneous endovascular route and whether an intervention should be performed immediately or expectantly. Herein, we report a 39-year-old female who received emergent left lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) owing to posthepatectomy liver failure.