A real-world study to evaluate effectiveness of mepolizumab in treating severe asthma in Taiwan (REMIT).

Background: REMIT is the first real-world study of mepolizumab effectiveness in patients with severe asthma (SA) in Taiwan.

Objectives: The primary objective evaluated changes in clinically significant exacerbations (CSEs; defined as use of oral corticosteroids (OCS) or emergency department (ED) visits and/or hospitalizations) in the 12 months pre- and post-mepolizumab treatment. Secondary objectives assessed changes in the number of CSEs requiring ED visits/hospitalizations and daily maintenance OCS (mOCS) dosage 12 months pre- and post-mepolizumab treatment.

Risk assessment of venetoclax-associated adverse events: a meta-analysis approach.

Introduction: Venetoclax, an oral B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitor, shows promise in cancer treatment but has an unclear safety profile. This meta-analysis evaluates the safety of venetoclax, focusing on adverse events.

Methods: Data from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane databases, and ClinicalTrials.

Nano- and Micro-SiO With Integrated Green Chemistry-Based Superhydrophobic Coating for Robust Antifouling and Anticorrosion Properties.

With increasing energy demands, the need for coating materials with exceptional superhydrophobic properties has grown substantially. However, the widespread use of fluorinated compounds, solvents, and polymer-based synthetic materials has led to heightened levels of microplastics and pollutants. Here, we used a self-curing, solvent-free, and recyclable polyester polyol polymer material combined with (5 and 6.

The impact of platform leadership on employee deviant innovation in digital transformation enterprises.

Platform leadership (PL) has been increasing in digital transformation enterprises. This study explores the effects, pathways, and boundary conditions of PL on employee deviant innovation (EDI). In this study, 444 valid questionnaires were collected from ten digital transformation enterprises.

Dynamics of predator-prey system with the consequences of double Allee effect in prey population.

A underlying complex dynamical behavior of double Allee effects in predator-prey system is studied in this article to understand the predator-prey relation more intensely from different aspects. We first propose a system with the Caputo sense fractional-order predator-prey system incorporating the Allee effect in prey populations to explain how the memory effect can change the different emergent states. Local stability analysis is analyzed by applying Matignon's condition for the FDE system.

Driver identification in advanced transportation systems using osprey and salp swarm optimized random forest model.

Enhancement of security, personalization, and safety in advanced transportation systems depends on driver identification. In this context, this work suggests a new method to find drivers by means of a Random Forest model optimized using the osprey optimization algorithm (OOA) for feature selection and the salp swarm optimization (SSO) for hyperparameter tuning based on driving behavior. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of 92%, a precision of 91%, a recall of 93%, and an F1-score of 92%, significantly outperforming traditional machine learning models such as XGBoost, CatBoost, and Support Vector Machines.

High-Uniformity, Shape-Controlled Silicon Nanowires for Enhanced Performance in Optoelectronic Devices.

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) have attracted considerable interest owing to their distinctive properties, which render them promising candidates for a wide range of advanced applications in electronics, photonics, energy storage, and sensing. However, challenges in achieving large-scale production, high uniformity, and shape control limit their practical use. This study presents a novel fabrication approach combining nanoimprint lithography, nanotransfer printing, and metal-assisted chemical etching to produce highly uniform and shape-controlled Si NW arrays.

Interpenetration Control in Metal-Organic Polyrotaxanes via Solvent Composition and Ligand Steric-Modulation: Supramolecular Isomerism and Luminescence Detection toward Fe3+ Ions.

Three fluorescent Zn coordaintion polymers (CPs) have been synthesized from the reactions of Zn(NO3)2∙6H2O, benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (1,4-H2bdc), and angular carbazole-derived bispyridyl ligands (Cz-3,6-bpy or Cz-Pr-3,6-bpy). CPs 1-3 all adopt similar two-dimensional (2D) ring-and-rod layer structures, described as topologically 4-connected 2∙65 nets where the Zn(II) centers act as 4-connected nodes. CPs 1 and 2 are a pair of solvent-mediated supramolecular isomers where the former shows a two-fold interlocked 2D → 2D polyrotaxane-like entangled net and the latter reveals a four-fold interpenetrated 2D → 3D polyrotaxane entanglement.

Impact of Functional Fluorinated Porphyrins on the Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells.

Additives play a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and carefully designed additives contribute to major breakthroughs in device performance. In this study, a series of novel A-π-A-type porphyrin derivatives-PPH-1, PPH-2, and PPF-1-are synthesized, each incorporating pyridyl groups, specifically engineered to function as passivation agents for PSCs. The electron-withdrawing properties of fluorine in PPF-1 increase the molecular polarity, thereby strengthening its interaction with the perovskite and enhancing the passivation efficacy.

Quantum food and nutrition: Subatomic approaches to nourishment for health and well-being.

Nutrition science has been represented as biomedical, environmental, societal and economic field, but quantum biology is sidestepped, thereby obscuring cognate problems and solutions. We are generally nourished for health, optimal well-being, longevity and personal security through sustainable livelihoods. Our nourish-ments include not only food and energy but also light from the sun, the firmament and the earth itself, along with information transmitted in subatomic particles and electromagnetic wave forms.

Blending polysaccharides from three edible mushrooms represents a promising approach for augmenting their anti-oxidant and anti-fatigue activities.

It has been well documented that a number of polysaccharides with potent free-radical scavenging capability possess notable anti-fatigue activity. Interestingly, recent evidence also suggested mixed polysaccharides derived from multiple sources may yield augmented bioactivities compared to the polysaccharides from a single source. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-fatigue activities of a blend of polysaccharides isolated from three mushrooms.

Safety and Antioxidant Assessments of BLR-E50, 50% Ethanolic Extract from Red Beans Co-fermented by Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

Since red beans have poor textural properties, fermentation is commonly used to help produce better pulse products. To obtain BLR-E50, red beans are fermented using a co-culture of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, followed by extraction with 50% ethanol. The present data demonstrate that BLR-E50 did not exhibit mutagenicity, genotoxicity, or subacute oral toxicity.

Exploring artificial intelligence literacy and the use of ChatGPT and copilot in instruction on nursing academic report writing.

Background: Nursing education increasingly emphasizes academic writing and communication, critical for delivering quality patient care and professional advancement. Rapidly emerging artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT and Copilot are transforming educational methodologies, and a focus is being placed on embedding AI literacy to effectively bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and clinical practice. These technologies have the potential to reshape nursing education in a technology-driven health-care landscape.

Facilitating students' critical thinking, metacognition and problem-solving tendencies in geriatric nursing class: A mixed-method study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in geriatric nursing classes for the design of older adult activities to educate students on how to pose clear questions, provide and identify potentially suitable daily activities for older adults.

Background: Researchers in various educational fields are increasingly employing GenAI tools such as ChatGPT for curriculum development and research. Question generation is an essential skill for all students to learn to acquire knowledge.

Untargeted Swab Touch Spray-Mass Spectrometry Analysis with Machine Learning for On-Site Breast Surgical Margin Assessment.

Direct sampling mass spectrometry (MS) has rapidly advanced with the development of ambient ionization MS techniques. Swab touch-spray (TS)-MS has shown promise for rapid clinical diagnostics. However, commercially available swabs are notorious for their high background signals, particularly in the positive ionization mode.

Mild autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma and risk for cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction.

Background: Mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) is common in adrenal adenomas, including patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) with aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). This study investigated the impact of MACS on cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in patients with APA.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 483 patients with APA.

Chitinase-3-like-1: a multifaceted player in neuroinflammation and degenerative pathologies with therapeutic implications.

Chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is an evolutionarily conserved protein involved in key biological processes, including tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and neuroinflammation. It has emerged as a significant player in various neurodegenerative diseases and brain disorders. Elevated CHI3L1 levels have been observed in neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), HIV-associated dementia (HAD), Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), and brain tumors.

Safety of vancomycin-loaded cement spacers for treating gram-positive periprosthetic joint infections in two-stage resection arthroplasty among patients with renal insufficiency.

Background: The standard treatment for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) typically involves a two-stage resection arthroplasty using antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) spacers. This study hypothesizes that there is no significant correlation between antibiotic levels in blood and synovial fluid and the patient's kidney function, and that the success rates of staged resection arthroplasty are comparable between groups, specifically targeting gram-positive bacterial infections.

Methods: This retrospective review included patients treated from 2017 to 2022 with two-stage arthroplasty using vancomycin-loaded ALBC spacers, selectively targeting gram-positive infections.

Surveillance and genetic diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds across Taiwan.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) significantly impacts cattle worldwide, causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders that lead to substantial economic losses. Despite its high global prevalence and various genotypes, the infection status of BVDV in Taiwan has not been reported. This study conducted large-scale surveillance in 2014, analyzing 460 bovine serum samples collected from 49 dairy herds across Taiwan.

Design, synthesis, in-vitro and in-silico studies of novel N-heterocycle based hydrazones as α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Diabetes mellitus has dominated the globe as a chronic health condition and has become a major global health concern. The inhibition of the key metabolic enzymes of carbohydrates digestion including α-amylase and α-glucosidase are the promising targets for the treatment of diabetes via delaying glucose absorption. Therefore, nitrogen containing saturated heterocycle (pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and N-methylpiperazinyl) based hydrazones derivatives 5-23 were synthesized through two step reactions and evaluated for their anti-diabetic potential.

Plasma myeloperoxidase interactions with cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium and their impact on chronic kidney disease.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an oxidative stress biomarker, with elevated MPO levels linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Metal exposure is a risk factor for CKD, and is also correlated to MPO expression, with specific MPO genotypes linked to MPO expression. Therefore, we examined whether MPO plasma levels or MPO polymorphisms were linked to CKD, and explored whether these factors modified associations between CKD and metal concentrations.