Stereotactic Radiosurgery for World Health Organization Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Objectives: Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors classified as isocitrate deshydrogenase-mutant and 1p19q codeleted in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of central nervous system tumors. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are well-established management options for these tumors. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for oligodendroglioma.

Metabolic consequences and tubular function after augmentation cystoplasty in children with neurogenic bladder.

Background: Many studies have reported the renal outcomes and metabolic consequences after augmentation cystoplasty (AC), however few studies have discussed changes in renal tubular function. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic disturbances, evaluate renal tubular function and 24-hour urine chemistry to evaluate the association between metabolic alterations and urolithiasis after AC.

Methods: We investigated serum biochemistry, blood gas, and 24-hour urinary metabolic profile of children who underwent AC between January 2000 and December 2020.

Topical Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin Glycosides on Atopic Dermatitis-Like Lesions: Influence of the Glycone Type on Efficacy and Skin Absorption.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifaceted inflammatory skin condition characterized by the involvement of various cell types, such as keratinocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells. Research indicates that flavonoids possess anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in the management of AD. However, the investigation of the glycoside forms for anti-AD therapy is limited.

Analysis of macular retinal thickness in polyarteritis nodosa using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To identify the macular retinal layer thickness changes in polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) patients without pathological findings appearing in color fundus photography (CFP), and to investigate the correlations with disease durations.

Methods: A total of 24 PAN patients who had been for 3 years or more and underwent SD-OCT were recruited from the UK Biobank, with exclusions for diabetes, eye disease, or abnormal CFP findings. Only the right eyes were included, with each PAN patient paired one-to-one with a control matched for age, sex, and ethnicity.

New acorane-sesequiterpenes and anti-retinoblastoma constituents from the marine algicolous fungus Trichoderma harzianum NTU2180 guided by molecular networking strategy.

Background: Trichoderma species, known as biocontrol agents against plant diseases, contain diverse compounds, especially terpenoids, with various bioactivities. To facilitate the exploration of bioactive secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum NTU2180, the OSMAC approach MS/MS molecular networking was applied in the current study.

Results: The feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) analysis showed that T.

Increased Incidence of Surgical Intervention for Otitis Media With Effusion Among Patients With Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is associated with comorbidities such as allergic rhinitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, asthma, and more. Many of these comorbidities can be caused by type 2 inflammation (T2I). This study aims to determine the risk of undergoing OME surgery in patients with and without T2I disease.

New Atg9 Phosphorylation Sites Regulate Autophagic Trafficking in Glia.

We previously identified a role for dAuxilin (dAux), the fly homolog of Cyclin G-associated kinase, in glial autophagy contributing to Parkinson's disease (PD). To further dissect the mechanism, we present evidence here that lack of glial dAux enhanced the phosphorylation of the autophagy-related protein Atg9 at two newly identified threonine residues, T62 and T69. The enhanced Atg9 phosphorylation in the absence of dAux promotes autophagosome formation and Atg9 trafficking to the autophagosomes in glia.

Advancing Principled Pharmacoepidemiologic Research to Support Regulatory and Healthcare Decision Making: The Era of Real-World Evidence.

A compilation of factors over the past decade-including the availability of increasingly large and rich healthcare datasets, advanced technologies to extract unstructured information from health records and digital sources, advancement of principled study design and analytic methods to emulate clinical trials, and frameworks to support transparent study conduct-has ushered in a new era of real-world evidence (RWE). This review article describes the evolution of the RWE era, including pharmacoepidemiologic methods designed to support causal inferences regarding treatment effects, the role of regulators and other health authorities in establishing distributed real-world data networks enabling analytics at scale, and the many global guidance documents on principled methods of producing RWE. This article also highlights the growing opportunity for RWE to support decision making by regulators, health technology assessment groups, clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders and provides examples of influential RWE studies.

A Streamlined Approach to Anticounterfeiting Technologies: Patterned AAO Membranes Based on Photonic Crystal Effects with Tunable Color Shifts and pH Responsiveness.

Anticounterfeiting technologies have become increasingly crucial due to the growing issue of counterfeit goods, particularly in high-value industries. Traditional methods such as barcodes and holograms are prone to replication, prompting the need for advanced, cost-effective, and efficient solutions. In this work, a practical application of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes are presented for anticounterfeiting, which addresses the challenges of high production costs and complex fabrication processes.

Translational nanorobotics breaking through biological membranes.

In the dynamic realm of translational nanorobotics, the endeavor to develop nanorobots carrying therapeutics in rational applications necessitates a profound understanding of the biological landscape of the human body and its complexity. Within this landscape, biological membranes stand as critical barriers to the successful delivery of therapeutic cargo to the target site. Their crossing is not only a challenge for nanorobotics but also a pivotal criterion for the clinical success of therapeutic-carrying nanorobots.

SWM-008 red mold rice and its components, monascinol and monascin, reduce obesity in a high-fat diet-induced rat model through synergistic modulation of gut microbiota and anti-lipogenesis.

This study is the first to explore the effects of the novel yellow pigment monascinol (Msol) from red mold rice (RMR) on reducing body fat and to compare its effects with those of monascin (MS) and ankaflavin (AK). In a high-fat diet-induced rat model, different doses of RMR fermented rice (RL, RM, RH) and purified Msol, MS, and AK were administered over an 8-week period. The results showed that all treatment groups significantly reduced body weight and fat mass.

Effect of modified investment and casting system on the recasting properties of high-gold alloy.

Background/purpose: High gold (Au) alloys have many advantages, such as good mechanical properties and stable chemical properties for dental restoration. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the effect of zirconia (ZrO)-magnesia (MgO)-based investment combined with an argon arc vacuum pressure (Ar-arc VP) casting process on the recasting of high Au alloys.

Materials And Methods: The recasting Au alloys were compared between the control group of conventional SiO-based investment/horizontal centrifugal (HC) casting and the experimental group of ZrO-MgO-based investment/Ar-arc VP die casting.

Striving for excellence in a little red dot: Exploring the evolution of oral and maxillofacial surgery training and practice in Singapore.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) is a field that straddles knowledge and clinical experience from both medical and dental specialties. In the small island nation of Singapore, the rapidly and constantly changing needs of its diverse and aging population, as well as changes in the mindsets of both students and educators have led to many developments in the local OMS program. Tied to the only dental school in the country, the curriculum of the training program has kept up with the changes in the demographics and attitudes of the local patient pool, which comprises a multicultural population with both traditional and modern mindsets.

Implant position accuracy using dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (CAIS) combined with augmented reality: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background/purpose: Computer-assisted implant surgery (CAIS) is increasingly performed to reduce deviations in implant position. Dynamic CAIS or navigation systems provide instant display of implant drilling instruments and patient positions directly on the computer monitor. Augmented reality (AR) technology allows operators to visualize real-time information projected onto the lenses of AR glasses.

Creating an extracellular matrix-like three-dimension structure to enhance the corrosion resistance and biological responses of titanium implants.

Background/purpose: Titanium (Ti) is extensively used in dental and orthopedic implants due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, its smooth and biologically inert surface does not support the ingrowth of new bone, and Ti ions may have adverse biological effects. The purpose is to improve the corrosion resistance of titanium and create a 3D structured coating to enhance osseointegration through a very simple and fast surface treatment.

Corrigendum to "Chinese herbal medicine may reduce major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with dialysis hypotension: A Taiwan nationwide cohort study" [J Tradit Complementary Med 14, Issue 5 (September 2024), 550-557].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.

From "traditional" to modern medicine: A medical and historical analysis of L. (Cempasúchil).

The medicinal value of herbal products is often rooted in their "traditional" use, recontextualized by modern biomedical research granting them certain medical uses. L. (Asteraceae), native to Mexico, exemplifies such historical developments of a species that played a key role in developing a major pharmacologically active compound - lutein.

NRICM101 in combatting COVID-19 induced brain fog: Neuroprotective effects and neurovascular integrity preservation in hACE2 mice.

Amidst growing concerns over COVID-19 aftereffects like fatigue and cognitive issues, NRICM101, a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promise. Used by over 2 million people globally, it notably reduces hospitalizations and intubations in COVID-19 patients. To explore whether NRICM101 could combat COVID-19 brain fog, we tested NRICM101 on hACE2 transgenic mice administered the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2, aiming to mitigate S1-induced cognitive issues by measuring animal behaviors, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis.

and formula alleviates depressive behaviors microglia regulation in an unpredictable chronic mild stress animal model.

Background And Aim: (CM) and (AM) are medicinal mushrooms with potential applications in the treatment of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. While research suggests that both CM and AM possess anti-inflammatory properties and hold potential for treating depression when administered separately, there is limited knowledge about their efficacy when combined in a formula, as well as the underlying mechanism involving the modulation of microglia.

Experimental Procedure: Rats received oral administrations of the low-dose formulation, medium-dose formulation, and high-dose formulation over 28 consecutive days as part of the UCMS protocols.

When sng meets acupuncture -- a paradigm-shift biomarker for translational research.

The sensation of sng (pronounced/səŋ/, the Romanization form of or soreness in Taiwanese Southern Min) associated with a composite of unique sensations, is a novel phenotype for acupoint stimulation. It is perceived by test participants but also by experienced practitioners as a sensation of "taking the bait" (by fish when fishing), a characteristic heavy and tight sensation from the needle. Here, we propose that sng is a powerful biomarker for associated with successful manual acupuncture.

Trends of dental service utilization and expenditure in Taiwan from 2000 to 2020.

Background: /purposeSince 1995, Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) has offered a comprehensive dental coverage to over 99 % of the population. This study mainly analyzed the dental service utilization and expenditure trends by the gender, age, and service type and evaluated the resource allocation across different demographics from 2000 to 2020.

Materials And Methods: Nationwide NHI administrative data were used to assess the dental visit rates, average visits per user, and per capita expenditure by the gender, age, and 11 service categories for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020.

The use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) in dental surgery education and practice: A narrative review.

Integrating augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) into dental surgery education and practice has significantly advanced the precision and interactivity of dental training and patient care. This narrative review summarizes findings from extensive literature searches conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, highlighting AR and VR technologies transformative impact and current applications. Research shows that AR improves surgical precision by offering real-time data overlays during procedures, leading to better outcomes in operations like dental implant placements.

The virtual assessment in dental education: A narrative review.

The shift towards virtual assessment in dental education represents a significant advancement over traditional evaluation methods, offering new opportunities for assessing both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. This review examines the use of virtual assessment tools within the context of dental education. A narrative literature review was conducted, analyzing studies published between 2000 and 2024, sourced from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase.

Trueness comparison of intraoral scans for diverse arch lengths in pediatric dental models.

Background/purpose: Spacing between teeth is a common trait across different stages of dentition. With the tide of the digital impression, the scanning trueness of the intraoral scanner (IOS) is a hot subject. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the level of the spaced dentition and trueness of the intraoral scanning.