Oral Functions and Various Cooking Methods Associated With Chewing-To-Swallowing Time in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Oral frailty in older adults can affect their eating efficiency, prolonging meal times, which can compromise food flavour.

Objective: This study explored the association between cooking methods and chewing-to-swallowing time on the basis of different oral functions in older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 65 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years.

A Comprehensive Weightbearing Computed Tomography Study on Patients With Hallux Valgus: Exploring Multiplanar Deformity Interrelationships.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex, multiplanar deformity. In this study, we examined the interrelationships between various components of this deformity using weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT). We hypothesized that the severity of traditional axial plane deformities would correlate with malpositioning of the metatarsosesamoid complex, first-ray coronal rotational deformity, and malalignment of the hindfoot and midfoot.

Recent Advances of Avian Viruses Research.

The outbreaks of several epidemics caused by pathogenic avian viruses pose significant threats to the poultry industry [...

Incidence of HBV Reactivation in Psoriasis Patients Undergoing Cytokine Inhibitor Therapy: A Single-Center Study and Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis.

Background: Psoriasis patients who are seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) face an elevated risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) when treated with cytokine inhibitors. This study aims to elucidate the risk in this population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to assess the risk of HBVr in 73 psoriasis patients treated with cytokine inhibitors from 2013 to 2023.

Sorafenib-Loaded Silica-Containing Redox Nanoparticle Decreases Tumorigenic Potential of Lewis Lung Carcinoma.

Orally administered sorafenib has shown limited improvement in overall survival for non-small-cell lung cancer patients, likely due to poor pharmacokinetics and adverse effects, including gastrointestinal toxicity. To address these issues, we developed silica-containing antioxidant nanoparticles (siRNP) as a carrier to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic sorafenib. Sorafenib was loaded into siRNP via dialysis (sora@siRNP).

Mechanical Properties and Optimization Strategies of Tree Fork Structures.

Trees are complex and dynamic living structures, where structural stability is essential for survival and for public safety in urban environments. Tree forks, as structural junctions, are key to tree integrity but are prone to failure under stress. The specific mechanical contributions of their internal conical structures remain largely unexplored.

Curcumin and Vitamin D Supplement Attenuates Knee Osteoarthritis Progression in ACLT + MMx Rat Model: Effect on Cartilage Protection and Pain Reduction.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating disorder marked by joint degradation, inflammation, and persistent pain. This study examined the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin and vitamin D on OA progression and pain in a rat knee OA model by anterior cruciate ligament transection and meniscectomy (ACLT + MMx). Male Wistar rats were categorized into five groups: control, curcumin-treated (100 mg/kg/day), vitamin D-treated (25 µg/kg/day), a combination of vitamin D and curcumin, and sham-operated.

Photoprotective Effects of Phytochemicals on Blue Light-Induced Retinal Damage: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

The widespread use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has increased blue light (BL) exposure, raising concerns about its potential adverse effects on ocular health. Prolonged exposure to BL has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), primarily through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation mediated by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review synthesizes current evidence on the photoprotective properties of dietary bioactive compounds, (e.

Polyphenolic Hispolon Derived from Medicinal Mushrooms of the and Genera Promotes Wound Healing in Hyperglycemia-Induced Impairments.

: This study investigated the wound-healing potential of hispolon, a polyphenolic pigment derived from medicinal mushrooms, under diabetic conditions using both in vitro and in vivo models. : In the in vitro assays, L929 fibroblast cells exposed to high glucose (33 mmol/L) were treated with hispolon at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 7.

Malnutrition and Frailty Are Associated with a Higher Risk of Prolonged Hospitalization and Mortality in Hospitalized Older Adults.

Malnutrition and frailty are independent risk factors of prolonged hospitalization and mortality, respectively. However, the combined association of these conditions with the risk of prolonged hospitalization and mortality in hospitalized elderly patients remains unclear. Our object was to investigate the combined association of malnutrition and frailty on the risk of prolonged hospitalization and mortality in hospitalized elderly patients.

Nozzle Pressure- and Screw Position-Based CAE Scientific Process Parameter Setup for Injection Molding Process.

This study developed a scientific process parameter setup based on nozzle pressure and screw position, with the process parameter search sequence being injection speed, / switchover position, packing pressure, and packing time. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on the scientific process parameter setup of experiments and simulations, as well as on the implementation of calibration. Experiments and simulations had the same trend of results in the scientific process parameter setup.

Cell Morphology, Material Property and Ni(II) Adsorption of Microcellular Injection-Molded Polystyrene Reinforced with Graphene Nanoparticles.

Graphene's incorporation into polymers has enabled the development of advanced polymer/graphene nanocomposites with superior properties. This study focuses on the use of a microcellular foamed polystyrene (PS)/graphene (GP) nanocomposite (3 wt%) for nickel (II) ion removal from aqueous solutions. Adsorption behavior was evaluated through FTIR, TEM, SEM, TGA, and XRD analyses.

Synergistic Effect of Strontium Doping and Surfactant Addition in Mesoporous Bioactive Glass for Enhanced Osteogenic Bioactivity and Advanced Bone Regeneration.

Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) is an advanced biomaterial widely recognized for its application in bone regenerative engineering. This study synthesized an MBG powder (80 mol% SiO, 5 mol% PO, and 15 mol% CaO) using a facile sol-gel method with the non-ionic surfactant Pluronic P123, which acted as a pore-forming agent. MBGs form bioactive surfaces that facilitate HA formation, and the presence of Pluronic P123 increases the surface area and promotes HA nucleation.

Unidirectional Polyvinylidene/Copper-Impregnated Nanohydroxyapatite Composite Membrane Prepared by Electrospinning with Piezoelectricity and Biocompatibility for Potential Ligament Repair.

Ligament tears can strongly influence an individual's daily life and ability to engage in physical activities. It is essential to develop artificial scaffolds for ligament repairs in order to effectively restore damaged ligaments. In this experiment, the objective was to evaluate fibrous membranes as scaffolds for ligament repair.

Impact of Oseltamivir and Diabetes Development.

: Influenza is a major global health challenge, causing thousands of deaths annually. Antiviral drugs, particularly oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, have become essential therapeutic options due to their oral bioavailability and efficacy. Previous studies suggest a potential association between oseltamivir use and the onset of diabetes mellitus.

Syringaldehyde Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Hyperglycemia in H9c2 Cells Through GLP-1 Receptor Signals.

Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant complication of diabetes, often triggered by hyperglycemia. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists alleviate cardiac hypertrophy, but their efficacy diminishes under GLP-1 resistance. Syringaldehyde (SA), a natural phenolic compound, may activate GLP-1 receptors and mitigate hypertrophy.

The Effect of the Concurrent Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Receptor Blockers on Toxicity and Outcomes in Patients Treated with Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: ACEIs protect against radiation pneumonitis by reducing angiotensin II production, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study highlights the significance of concurrent angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use in radiotherapy by evaluating its impact on radiotherapy-related side effects and survival outcomes, addressing the gap in existing research and providing insights to guide clinical practice in oncology. : The literature was retrieved from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from January 2000 to October 2024.

Role of Metformin in Preventing New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

: Recent evidence supports the protective role of metformin on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, its potential to prevent new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal renal function remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether metformin could prevent the development of new-onset CKD in such patients.

Positive Correlation Between Serum Limonene Levels and Muscle Health in a Representative Adult Population in the United States.

Monoterpenes, a class of organic compounds with the molecular formula CH, have garnered significant attention for their potential medicinal benefits. Emerging evidence suggests they may positively influence skeletal muscle function. However, the impact of monoterpene exposure on muscle strength and mass in humans remains unclear.

Maternal Infections, Antibiotics, Steroid Use, and Diabetes Mellitus Increase Risk of Early-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

The global evolution of pathogens causing early-onset sepsis (EOS), a critical condition in preterm infants, necessitates a re-evaluation of risk factors to develop updated prevention and treatment strategies. This nationwide case-control study in Taiwan analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Research Database, Birth Reporting Database, and Maternal and Child Health Database from 2010 to 2019. The study included 176,681 mother-child pairs with preterm births.

Divergent Effects of Capsid Proteins on Type I Interferon Signaling.

Viruses in the family can infect mammals and birds. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) significantly affects the livestock industry by causing porcine circovirus-associated diseases, such as postweaning multisystem wasting syndrome, respiratory disease complex, and dermatitis nephropathy syndrome. Additionally, beak and feather disease virus in parrots, canine circovirus in dogs, and columbid circovirus (pigeon circovirus) in racing pigeons induce immunosuppression, followed by secondary infections in these hosts.

The Evaluation of Antibacterial Coatings Against Commonly Found Pathogenic Bacteria in the Environment-Implications for Environmental Safety and Infection Prevention.

Microorganisms, including pathogens that cause skin, respiratory, and urinary tract infections, are widespread in our environment. Despite routine cleaning with bleach and disinfectants, the transmission of pathogens still occurs, leading to potential infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of two coating formulas against common environmental pathogens like , , , , sp.

Comprehensive Insights into Monkeypox (mpox): Recent Advances in Epidemiology, Diagnostic Approaches and Therapeutic Strategies.

Monkeypox (mpox) is a viral infection closely related to smallpox, manifesting as a milder febrile rash in affected individuals. Over the past two decades, the incidence of mpox has surged, possibly linked to a declining immunity against the smallpox vaccine worldwide. Recent outbreaks of mpox in multiple countries have sparked concerns regarding altered transmission patterns and the potential for a global menace.

Low-Complexity Timing Correction Methods for Heart Rate Estimation Using Remote Photoplethysmography.

With the rise of modern healthcare monitoring, heart rate (HR) estimation using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has gained attention for its non-contact, continuous tracking capabilities. However, most HR estimation methods rely on stable, fixed sampling intervals, while practical image capture often involves irregular frame rates and missing data, leading to inaccuracies in HR measurements. This study addresses these issues by introducing low-complexity timing correction methods, including linear, cubic, and filter interpolation, to improve HR estimation from rPPG signals under conditions of irregular sampling and data loss.

Novel Insights into Surface Energies and Enhanced Gas-Sensing Capabilities of ZnGaO(111) via Ab Initio Studies.

This study investigates the surface energies and work function changes in ZnGaO(111) surfaces with different atomic terminations using ab initio density functional theory. It explores the interactions of gas molecules such as NO, NO, and CHCOCH with Ga-terminated, O-terminated, and Ga-Zn-O-terminated surfaces. This study reveals previously unreported insights into how O-terminated surfaces exhibit enhanced reactivity with NO, resulting in significant work function changes of +6.