Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Co-Delivery of Cycloxaprid and Pooled siRNAs to Enhance Control Efficacy in .

RNA pesticides have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional chemical pesticides due to their high specificity and minimal environmental impact. However, the instability of RNA molecules in the environment and the challenges associated with their effective delivery to target pests limit their broader application. This study addresses these challenges by developing a dual delivery system using chitosan (CS) and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) to enhance the delivery and efficacy of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and cycloxaprid against , a vector of citrus greening disease.

Assessment of genetic conservation units of an endangered glacial relict insular species, , based on fine-scale genetic structures of multiple fragmented mountainous populations in Taiwan.

Insular species are usually endemic and prone to long-term population reduction, low genetic diversity, and inbreeding depression, which results in difficulties in species conservation. The situation is even more challenging for the glacial relict species whose habitats are usually fragmented in the mountainous regions. is an endangered and endemic relict tree species in Taiwan.

Variations in ECM Topography, Fiber Alignment, Mechanical Stiffness, and Cellular Composition Between Ventral and Dorsal Ligamentum Flavum Layers: Insights Into Hypertrophy Pathogenesis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a significant role in the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) and the histological differences between the ventral and dorsal layers of the hypertrophied ligamentum flavum. Although LFH is associated with increased fibrosis in the dorsal layer, comprehensive research exploring the characteristics of the ECM and its mechanical properties in both regions is limited. Furthermore, the distribution of fibrosis-associated myofibroblasts within LFH remains poorly understood.

Clonal Hematopoiesis Is Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes and Left Ventricular Remodeling in Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been linked to intensified systemic inflammation and represents a novel risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis (AS).

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical impact of CHIP in a cohort of severe AS patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods: We enrolled 110 severe AS patients in this retrospective study.

Intravascular Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease on Maintenance Dialysis.

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Intravascular imaging (IVI)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) or intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has been shown to result in better clinical outcomes than angiography guidance. Nevertheless, the clinical outcomes of IVI-guided PCI in ESRD patients remain uncertain.

Novel machine learning algorithm in risk prediction model for pan-cancer risk: application in a large prospective cohort.

Objective: To develop and validate machine-learning models that predict the risk of pan-cancer incidence using demographic, questionnaire and routine health check-up data in a large Asian population.

Methods And Analysis: This study is a prospective cohort study including 433 549 participants from the prospective MJ cohort including a male cohort (n=208 599) and a female cohort (n=224 950).

Results: During an 8-year median follow-up, 5143 cancers occurred in males and 4764 in females.

Epidemiology of Methicillin-resistant Colonization in Neonates within Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) colonization in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is a significant global health concern, leading to severe infections, extended hospital stays, and substantial economic burdens on health-care systems. To develop effective infection control strategies, we need to fill existing gaps in our understanding of MRSA epidemiology in neonates. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an extensive analysis of the proportion of MRSA colonizations in NICUs.

Prediction of potential drug targets and key inhibitors (ZINC67974679, ZINC67982856, and ZINC05668040) against using integrated computational approaches.

, responsible for flea-borne spotted fever, is a rising zoonotic pathogen posing an increasing global threat due to its expanding geographical distribution. The rise in antibiotic-resistant strains of this pathogen underscores the urgent need for new therapeutic interventions. This study employed a comprehensive subtractive proteomics analysis of the proteome, aiming to identify essential, non-host homologous, and pathogen-specific proteins, which were subsequently evaluated as potential new drug targets.

Variations in Neuromuscular Functions After Platelet-Rich Plasma and Dextrose Injections in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is caused by overuse and manifests as pain, weakness, and difficulty with object manipulation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and dextrose injections have shown promise in reducing pain and improving function.

Hypothesis: PRP is more effective for force precision control of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) muscle than dextrose injection for patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis (CLE).

Multivariate contaminated normal linear mixed models applied to Alzheimer's disease study with censored and missing data.

The article proposes a robust approach to jointly modeling multiple repeated clinical measures with intricate features. More specifically, we aim to expand the scope of the multivariate linear mixed model by using the multivariate contaminated normal distribution. The proposed model, called the multivariate contaminated normal linear mixed model with censored and missing responses (MCNLMM-CM), is designed to handle minor outliers effectively, while simultaneously accommodating censored measurements and intermittent missing responses.

Sulfur Lone Pairs Open Avenues for π* → n Orange-to-Red TADF and OLEDs.

It is always important and fascinating to explore new organic emitters that exploit unconventional pathways to unveil their emission with unique properties, such as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). In this study, we report that the rarely explored sulfur lone pair (n) is a promising alternative, where the correlated π* → n emission can be used to attain strong TADF and thus practical OLEDs. The designed strategy incorporates several key concepts (Figure 1a), in which the persulfide aromatic spirocycle enhances spin-orbit coupling, thereby increasing the intersystem crossing rate.

Whole exome sequencing-based homologous recombination deficiency test for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: The homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) test is an important tool for identifying patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) benefit from the treatment with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi). Using whole exome sequencing (WES)-based platform can provide information of gene mutations and HRD score; however, the clinical value of WES-based HRD test was less validated in EOC.

Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with EOC in the training cohort and 23 in the validation cohort.

Arthroscopic all-inside wrapping repair of lateral meniscus bucket-handle tears: clinical and imaging outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic healing rates of the arthroscopic all-inside wrapping repair technique for lateral meniscus bucket-handle tears (LMBHTs).

Methods: This retrospective study examined patients diagnosed with LMBHTs who underwent all-inside wrapping repair with or without anterior cruciate reconstruction between 2012 and 2021. Patients with previous knee surgeries, multiligamentous knee injuries, or advanced osteoarthritis were excluded.

Denosumab usage in atypical cemento-osseous dysplasia involving the entire mandible: a case report.

Background: Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is the most common apical radiopaque lesion that develops in the tooth-bearing area. However, large, destructive lesions are rare. Herein, we report a case in which COD extended to bilateral condyles, affecting the entire mandible, and was managed with denosumab rather than surgical resection.

Non-targeted metabolomics reveals fatty acid and associated pathways driving resistance to whitefly and tomato leafminer in wild tomato accessions.

Wild tomato species exhibit natural insect resistance, yet the specific secondary metabolites and underlying mechanisms governing the resistance remain unclear. Moreover, defense expression dynamically adapts to insect herbivory, causing significant metabolic changes and species-specific secondary metabolite accumulation. The present study aims to identify the resistance-related metabolites in wild tomato accessions that influence the defense mechanism against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Asia II 7) and leafminer (Phthorimaea absoluta).

Methylammonium-free, high-efficiency, and stable all-perovskite tandem solar cells enabled by multifunctional rubidium acetate.

All-perovskite tandem solar cells (APTSCs) offer the potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells at low cost. However, high-performance APTSCs contain unstable methylammonium (MA) cation in the tin-lead (Sn-Pb) narrow bandgap subcells. Currently, MA-free Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show lower performance compared with their MA-containing counterparts.

Immobilization of biofunctional molecule with potential osteoinductive efficacy on titanium implant for promoting early-stage osseointegration.

In the present study, porcine-derived collagen type I was covalently immobilized on the surface of titanium (Ti) implants via carboxyl groups introduced by bonded p-vinylbenzoic acid to investigate its in vitro biocompatibility with gingival stem cells and in vivo bone regeneration behavior in the edentulous ridges of Lanyu small-ear pigs at weeks 2 and 6 (short-term effectiveness) through micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Analytical results found that gingival stem cells showed effective adhesion and spreading on these collagen-immobilized implant surfaces. After 2 and 6 weeks of healing, significant differences in Hounsfield units were observed among the control (week 2 (674.

RNA interference in protozoan parasites and its application.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules are involved in sequence-specific suppression of gene expression, via small RNA triggers derived from double-stranded RNA that can target specific genes; it is a natural process that plays a role in both the regulation of protein synthesis and in immunity. Discovery of RNAi by Fire and Mello in 1998 had a profound impact on unraveling novel aspects of eukaryotic biology. RNA interference (RNAi) has proven to be an immensely useful tool for studying gene function and validation of potential drug targets in almost all organisms.

Caps-ac4C: an effective computational framework for identifying N4-acetylcytidine sites in human mRNA based on deep learning.

N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a crucial post-transcriptional modification in human mRNA, involving the acetylation of the nitrogen atom at the fourth position of cytidine. This modification, catalyzed by N-acetyltransferases such as NAT10, is primarily found in mRNA's coding regions and enhances translation efficiency and mRNA stability. ac4C is closely associated with various diseases, including cancer.

Exploring the Influence of PCBs Exposure on Neonatal Birth Outcomes and Neurobehavioral Development after 20 years of prohibition.

Despite polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been banned in Taiwan for two decades, epidemiological studies indicated that prenatal PCBs exposure may still affect newborns and their birth outcomes. The study aimed to investigate the association between PCB concentrations in umbilical cord blood and infants' birth outcomes and neurodevelopment. We recruited 100 pairs of mothers and infants, residing in Changhua and Yunlin countries in Taiwan from 2014-2016.

Exploring synergistic interactions of ethyl acetate removal and community ecology using magnetite-entrapped biofilters.

Emissions of ethyl acetate (EA) exhaust from industrial sources can cause environmental and health risks. EA can be effectively removed by biological filtration with low operating costs and promising good benefits. This study demonstrated the synergistic effect of using magnetite and pebbles as bio-packing in promoting microbial activity and microbial abundance for EA degradation.

Ethyl caffeate modulates systemic and mucosal immune responses, growth performance, and disease resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂).

Hybrid groupers become one of the important aquatic animals, but gastric pathogen infection causes losses due to Vibrio sp. infections. Ethyl caffeate (EC), a naturally occurring antioxidant and antibacterial derived from medicinal plant.