Metabolic, Cardiac, and Hemorheological Responses to Submaximal Exercise under Light and Moderate Hypobaric Hypoxia in Healthy Men.

We compared the effects of metabolic, cardiac, and hemorheological responses to submaximal exercise under light hypoxia (LH) and moderate hypoxia (MH) versus normoxia (N). Ten healthy men (aged 21.3 ± 1.

Effects of Taekwondo Training on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training on body composition and to evaluate the magnitude of the effect.

Methods: Databases were used to select studies related to the effectiveness of Taekwondo training, and the inclusion criteria were as follows.

Results: Thirty-seven studies were selected.

The Psychosocial Effects of Taekwondo Training: A Meta-Analysis.

Taekwondo is a Korean martial art and international sport, and its psychosocial benefits for its trainees have been studied extensively. This review aims to systematically assess and meta-analyze the effects of Taekwondo training on sociality, character, etiquette, and school life adjustment. We searched the RISS, NDSL, and KISS electronic databases between January 1985 and December 2019.

Physical Characteristics and Physical Fitness Profiles of Korean Taekwondo Athletes: A Systematic Review.

This study aimed to present a standard and normal distribution of Taekwondo athletes' physical characteristics and physical fitness profiles using a systematic review. A systematic search was conducted using four Korean databases (Research Information Sharing Service, National Digital Science Library, DBpia, and Korean Studies Information Service System). From 2010 to 2020, we reviewed 838 papers on Taekwondo athletes' physical characteristics and physical fitness factors (e.

Estimated Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Maximal Oxygen Uptake Based on Multistage 10-m Shuttle Run Test in Healthy Adults.

We aimed to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate the maximal oxygen uptake (VOmax) based on a multistage 10 m shuttle run test (SRT) in healthy adults. For ANN-based VOmax estimation, 118 healthy Korean adults (59 men and 59 women) in their twenties and fifties (38.3 ± 11.

Aerobic Continuous and Interval Training under Hypoxia Enhances Endurance Exercise Performance with Hemodynamic and Autonomic Nervous System Function in Amateur Male Swimmers.

Hypoxic training is often performed by competitive swimmers to enhance their performance in normoxia. However, the beneficial effects of aerobic continuous and interval training under hypoxia on hemodynamic function, autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, and endurance exercise performance remain controversial. Here we investigated whether six weeks of aerobic continuous and interval training under hypoxia can improve hematological parameters, hemodynamic function, ANS function, and endurance exercise performance versus normoxia in amateur male swimmers.

Effects of endurance exercise under hypoxia on acid-base and ion balance in healthy males.

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the acid-base and ion balance at rest and after exercise in healthy males under normoxia, moderate hypoxia, and severe hypoxia.

Methods: Ten healthy Korean males completed three different trials on different days, comprising exercise under normoxia (FiO2 = 20.9%, N trial), moderate hypoxia (FiO2 = 16.