A mechanistic perspective, clinical applications, and phage-display-assisted discovery of TNFα inhibitors.

TNFα participates in a variety of physiological processes, but at supra-physiological concentrations it has been implicated in the pathology of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, much attention has been devoted to the development of strategies that overcome the effects of aberrant TNFα concentration. Promising strategies include drugs that destabilize the active (trimeric) form of TNFα and antagonists of TNFα receptor type I.

Age at menarche, eating disorders, and their relationships with some parameters in female adolescents in Iran.

Objective: Adolescence as one of the most challenging periods of humans' growth is accompanied with major physical, behavioural, social-emotional, and neuroendocrine changes. Early maturation and eating disorders (EDs) have been reported to be associated with adverse health conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess age of onset of menarche (AM), EDs, and their possible relationships with weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and socioeconomic status (SES) in the Iranian female adolescents.

Relationship of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy with Self-Esteem and General Health in Breastfeeding Mothers Referred to Health Centers of Falavarjan City-Iran, 2015.

This study aimed to examine the relationship of breastfeeding self-efficacy with self-esteem and general health. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 547 breastfeeding mothers in Falavarjan-Iran. Participants were selected randomly, and questionnaires of socio-demographic characteristics, breastfeeding self-efficacy, self esteem, and the GHQ-28 were completed through interview.

Apelin, a promising target for Alzheimer disease prevention and treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with high outbreak rates. It is estimated that about 35 million individuals around the world suffered from dementia in 2010. AD is expected to increase twofold every 20 years and, by 2030, approximately 65 million people could suffer from this illness.

Quality of the calcium-enriched mixture apical plug in simulated apexification model; Effect of different mixing and placement methods.

Background: Presence of voids at root canal wall‒apical seal material interface gives rise to the entrapment of toxins and microorganisms, which might have a relationship with post treatment disease. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different mixing (manual and ultrasonic) and placement (manual and manual in association with indirect ultrasonic) methods of Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement on the number and dimensions of voids in the apical plug in simulated apexification models.

Material And Methods: A total of 80 human maxillary central incisors with mature apices were selected.

The effect of photodynamic therapy and polymer solution containing nano-particles of Ag /ZnO on push-out bond strength of the sealers AH-Plus and MTA Fillapex.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine and compare the effect of photodynamic therapy and solution containing nano particles Ag/ZnO on adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentinal walls of human root canal.

Material And Methods: Ninty single-rooted human teeth were selected and their clinical crown was cut from the cemento-enamel junction zone. Canals were prepared by RaCe rotary system and the smear layer was removed using 17% EDTA and 5.

Effects of Different Powder to liquid Ratios on the Push out Bond Strength of CEM Cement on Simulated Perforations in the Furcal Area.

Background: Proper bond strength to dentin is one of the properties of biomaterials used for therapeutic purposes such as repair of furcal perforations. The aim of the present study to evaluate the effects of different powder to liquid ratios of Calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) on the push-out bond strengths in simulated perforations in the furcal area and compare it with Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Material And Methods: Furcal perforations, measuring 1.

Effects of different intra canal medicaments on the push out bond strength of endodontic sealers.

Background: One of the essential properties of the root canal sealers is the adhesion to root canal dentin and their higher bond strength decreases the microleakage. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of Different Intracanal medicaments on the push out bond strength of AH26 and MTA Fillapex sealers.

Material And Methods: A total of 104 one-rooted extracted human teeth were divided into 4 (n=26) experimental groups.

Effect of different mixing and placement methods on the quality of MTA apical plug in simulated apexification model.

Background: It is necessary apical plug material to exhibit proper adaptation with the root canal walls. Presence of voids at the interface between the root canal wall and this material result in micro leakage, which might have a relationship with post treatment disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different mixing (manual and ultrasonic) and placement (manual and manual in association with indirect ultrasonic) method of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) on the void count and dimension in the apical plug in natural teeth with simulated open apices.

Effect of the TiO2 nanoparticles on the selected physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate.

Background: Some of the efforts to improve the properties of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) include incorporation of some nanoparticles such as Titanium dioxide (TiO2). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the setting time, working time, push-out bond strength and compressive strength of MTA.

Material And Methods: The physical properties to be evaluated were determined using the ISO 6786:2001 and 9917 specifications.

Biocompatibility of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with TiO2 Nanoparticles on Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

Background: The New compositions of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) or use of various additives like nanoparticles might affect MTA's ideal characteristics This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of WMTA and WMTA with Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (1% weight ratio) at different storage times after mixing on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Material And Methods: HGFs were obtained from the attached gingiva of human premolars. HGFs were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium, supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, penicillin and streptomycin.

Antimicrobial efficacy of different concentration of sodium hypochlorite on the biofilm of at different stages of development.

Background: Persistent infection of the root canal due to the presence of resistance bacterial species, such as , has always been one of the most important reasons for endodontic treatment failure. This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of 1%, 2.5 % and 5% sodium hypochlorite in eliminating biofilms at different stages of development.

Effect of different mixing methods on the physical properties of Portland cement.

Background: The Portland cement is hydrophilic cement; as a result, the powder-to-liquid ratio affects the properties of the final mix. In addition, the mixing technique affects hydration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different mixing techniques (conventional, amalgamator and ultrasonic) on some selective physical properties of Portland cement.

Novel WASP mutation in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: Case report and review of the literature.

Background: The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked recessive immunodeficiency disorder, caused by mutations in the WAS protein (WASP) gene and characterised by thrombocytopenia, small platelets, eczema, and recurrent infections associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and malignancy disorders. The gene for WAS has been mapped to the short arm of the X chromosome at Xp 11.22-23 and early detection of patients and diagnosis of new mutation might reduce related complications and increase their life expectancy.

Comparative CBCT evaluation of the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser and K3 rotary system in non-surgical root canal retreatment.

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser and K3 rotary system in the non-surgical root canal retreatment.

Methods: Sixty-one rooted human teeth were divided into two groups of 30 after root canal therapy. In groups 1 and 2 root canal retreatments were carried out using K3 rotary system and Nd:YAG laser, respectively.

Intercontinental comparison of caustic ingestion in children.

Purpose: To investigate the caustic ingestion in children among different continents according to demographic characteristics (core purpose), main symptoms, common caustic agents, signs and symptoms, management, treatment and complications.

Methods: This systematic review was performed by searching the databases Science Direct, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and PubMed, electronically and manually. We included studies that were published from 1980 to 2013, at University of Medical Sciences of Tabriz, Iran.

Antibacterial efficacy of polymer containing nanoparticles in comparison with sodium hypochlorite in infected root canals.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial properties of PLGA polymer containing ZnO, Ag and ZnO/Ag nanoparticles with those of 2.5% NaOCl in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis.

Methods: A total of 100 maxillary central incisors were selected.

Comparing the Coronal Seal of Different Thicknesses of MTA with Gutta-Percha after Post Space Preparation.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the coronal seal of different thicknesses of MTA with gutta-percha after post space preparation.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 maxillary central incisors randomly divided into 5 experimental groups (n = 8). After preparation of the root canals with step back technique, in groups 1 and 2, post spaces were prepared and 4 or 5 mm gutta-percha remained in the apical, respectively.

Apical microleakage of AH Plus and MTA Fillapex® sealers in association with immediate and delayed post space preparation: a bacterial leakage study.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the apical microleakage of root canals obturated with AH Plus and MTA Fillapex® sealers.

Methods: A total of 76 anterior teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (N.=15) and in each group 2 positive and 2 negative control teeth.

Effect of the depressor septi nasi muscle modification on nasal tip rotation and projection.

Background: The nasal tip is an important esthetic feature of the face and surgery on it is the most challenging part of a rhinoplasty. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of modification of the depressor septi nasi muscle on nasal tip rotation and projection.

Methods: Eighty primary rhinoplasty patients who required nasal tip modifications were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial from October 2008 to March 2012.

Effects of Arctium lappa L. (Burdock) root tea on inflammatory status and oxidative stress in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Aim: This study was designed to examine the effect of Burdock root tea on inflammatory markers and oxidative stress indicators in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Thirty-six patients (10 men and 26 women) aged 50-70 years old with knee osteoarthritis referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Hospitals, were selected for the study and randomly divided into two groups. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured.

The effect of pH on solubility of nano-modified endodontic cements.

Aims: To evaluate the effect of storage pH on solubility of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA), bioaggregate (BA), and nano WMTA cements.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight moulds randomly allocated into three groups of pH 4.4 (group A), 7.

Comparison of Platinum-based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Primary Debulking Surgery in Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: Ovarian cancer is the sixth common cancer in women in developed countries. In severe cases, the optimal debulking is necessary. In order to increase optimal debulking and reduce preoperative complications, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by debulking surgery, and then chemotherapy again is introduced as substitute for primary surgery.