Utility of Parent and Teacher Behavior Ratings for Self-Regulatory Outcomes of Preschool Children: A Multi-Study Examination.

Despite frequent reliance on teacher and parent ratings of children's behavior for multi-informant assessment, agreement between teachers' and parents' ratings is low. This study examined the predictive utility of teacher and parent ratings for children's self-regulatory outcomes (i.e.

Light buckets and laser beams: mechanisms and applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, a non-thermal light therapy using nonionizing light sources, has shown therapeutic potential across diverse biological processes, including aging and age-associated diseases. In 2023, scientists from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural and Extramural programs convened a workshop on the topic of PBM to discuss various proposed mechanisms of PBM action, including the stimulation of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase, modulation of cell membrane transporters and receptors, and the activation of transforming growth factor-β1. They also reviewed potential therapeutic applications of PBM across a range of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, retinal disease, Parkinson's disease, and cognitive impairment.

Cohort study on the Effect of various nicotine consumption modalities on Mohs surgery complications.

Knowledge on the effect of different nicotine consumption modalities on dermatologic surgical outcomes is limited, with conflicting conclusions. Cigarette smoking is known to adversely affect outcomes, but the impact of other nicotine consumption modalities like cigars, smokeless tobacco, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is less understood. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of various nicotine consumption modalities on complication rates after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).

PRMT5 Inhibition Reduces Hyperinflammation in a Murine Model of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but aggressive and potentially lethal hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by pathologic immune activation and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines leading to tissue damage and multisystem organ failure. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel targets and development of therapeutic strategies to treat this rare but deadly syndrome. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) mediates T cell-based inflammatory responses, making it a potential actionable target for the treatment of HLH.

The Association Between Father Support and Daughter Physical Activity: Insights From a Study Involving U.S. Latina Pre-Teens.

Purpose: Social support, particularly from family, is crucial for physical activity (PA) among youth. This study examined the association between father support and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in Latina pre-teens and explored the moderating role of body mass index (BMI).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Supporting students with complex communication needs: special education teachers' reflections on their training.

Special education teachers support students with complex communication needs across the day. Yet, evidence suggests that these professionals are entering the field without being fully prepared to support these students by having the knowledge and skill to implement augmentative and alternative communication practices. The lack of preparedness from these professionals creates barriers for students with complex communication needs, their families, and other team members.

Utility Assessment of a Pharmacy to Dose Daptomycin Protocol: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Pharmacy-to-dose (PTD) services describe an established practice where providers consult pharmacists for various medication dosing. In 2019, several institutions approved a daptomycin protocol, which allowed pharmacists to select doses based on provider-selected indications, renal function, and body mass index (BMI).

Objective: This study aims to determine the utility of a daptomycin PTD consult service.

Prevalence of and risk factors for osteoporosis and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically review the prevalence and incidence of osteoporosis, osteopenia, low bone mass, and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and identify the risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane Reviews, EMBASE, and EBM database reviews from inception until May 2024. Search terms covered a combination of keywords for CP, fracture, osteoporosis, incidence and prevalence, and risk factors.

Nursing knowledge in cardio-oncology: results of an international learning needs-assessment survey.

Background: With early detection and improvements in systemic and local therapies, millions of people are surviving cancer, but for some at a high cost. In some cancer types, cardiovascular disease now competes with recurrent cancer as the cause of death. Traditional care models, in which the cardiologist or oncologist assess patients individually, do not address complex cancer and cardiovascular needs.

Catheter-directed therapy for pulmonary embolism in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious and potentially fatal condition that is relatively rare in the pediatric population. In patients presenting with massive/submassive PE, catheter-directed Therapy (CDT) presents an emerging therapeutic modality by which PE can be managed.

Methods: Electronic databases were systematically searched through May 2024.

Enhancer regulatory networks globally connect non-coding breast cancer loci to cancer genes.

Background: Genetic studies have associated thousands of enhancers with breast cancer (BC). However, the vast majority have not been functionally characterized. Thus, it remains unclear how BC-associated enhancers contribute to cancer.

Evaluation of macular retinal oximetry across different levels of diabetic retinopathy: a cross sectional study.

Background: This study evaluates retinal oxygen saturation and vessel density within the macula and correlates these measures in controls and subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM) with (DMR) and without (DMnR) retinopathy. Changes in retinal oxygen saturation have not been evaluated regionally in diabetic patients.

Methods: Data from seventy subjects (28 controls, 26 DMnR, and 16 DMR were analyzed.

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding vitamin D among adults in Ghana: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a major public health concern, affecting approximately half of the world's population, partly due to limited public knowledge about vitamin D sources. However, there is lack of data on awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding vitamin D in high-risk countries like Ghana. We investigated vitamin D awareness, knowledge and its associated factors in the Ghanaian population.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Division of Household Labor Among Women Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers.

Background: COVID-19 increased the burden of childcare on parents, leaving women vulnerable to increased disparities in the division of domestic labor. Women healthcare workers may be at heightened risk of worsening gender parity in the workplace as a result.

Objective: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender parity in the division of household responsibilities among women healthcare workers.

Tucatinib and trastuzumab in HER2-mutated metastatic breast cancer: a phase 2 basket trial.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, also known as ERBB2) signaling promotes cell growth and differentiation, and is overexpressed in several tumor types, including breast, gastric and colorectal cancer. HER2-targeted therapies have shown clinical activity against these tumor types, resulting in regulatory approvals. However, the efficacy of HER2 therapies in tumors with HER2 mutations has not been widely investigated.

Comparison of failure rates between full-barium and striped barium distal shunt catheters: a matched case-control study.

Purpose: We hypothesize that distal shunt catheters fully impregnated with barium are more prone to failure compared to distal catheters with only a barium stripe. We sought to evaluate this distinction using a matched case-control study.

Methods: Patient records over an 8-year period were queried for distal shunt revisions for fracture or disconnection (cases).

Survey and perspective on verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification of digital twins for precision medicine.

Digital twins in precision medicine provide tailored health recommendations by simulating patient-specific trajectories and interventions. We examine the critical role of Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification (VVUQ) for digital twins in ensuring safety and efficacy, with examples in cardiology and oncology. We highlight challenges and opportunities for developing personalized trial methodologies, validation metrics, and standardizing VVUQ processes.

Defective homologous recombination and genomic instability predict increased responsiveness to carbon ion radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notably resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation treatment. However, clinical trials indicate that carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) with concurrent gemcitabine is effective for unresectable locally advanced PDAC. This study aimed to identify patient characteristics predictive of CIRT response.

Norovirus replication, host interactions and vaccine advances.

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in all age groups and cause significant disease and economic burden globally. To date, no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies are available to treat or prevent HuNoV illness. Several candidate vaccines are in clinical trials, although potential barriers to successful development must be overcome.

Spin transport properties in a topological insulator sandwiched between two-dimensional magnetic layers.

Non-trivial band topology along with magnetism leads to different novel quantum phases. When time-reversal symmetry is broken in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) through, e.g.

Simulated deep space exposure on seeds utilizing the MISSE flight facility.

The MISSE-Seed project was designed to investigate the effects of space exposure on seed quality and storage. The project tested the Multipurpose Materials International Space Station Experiment-Flight Facility (MISSE-FF) hardware as a platform for exposing biological samples to the space environment outside the International Space Station (ISS). Furthermore, it evaluated the capability of a newly designed passive sample containment canister as a suitable exposure unit for biological samples for preserving their vigor while exposing to the space environment to study multi-stressor effects.

SAMHD1 shapes deoxynucleotide triphosphate homeostasis by interconnecting the depletion and biosynthesis of different dNTPs.

SAMHD1 is a dNTPase that impedes replication of HIV-1 in myeloid cells and resting T lymphocytes. Here we elucidate the substrate activation mechanism of SAMHD1, which involves dNTP binding at allosteric sites and transient tetramerization. Our findings reveal that tetramerization alone is insufficient to promote dNTP hydrolysis; instead, the activation mechanism requires an inactive tetrameric intermediate with partially occupied allosteric sites.

Neutralizing antibody immune correlates in COVAIL trial recipients of an mRNA second COVID-19 vaccine boost.

Neutralizing antibody titer has been a surrogate endpoint for guiding COVID-19 vaccine approval and use, although the pandemic's evolution and the introduction of variant-adapted vaccine boosters raise questions as to this surrogate's contemporary performance. For 985 recipients of an mRNA second bivalent or monovalent booster containing various Spike inserts [Prototype (Ancestral), Beta, Delta, and/or Omicron BA.1 or BA.

NKAPL facilitates transcription pause-release and bridges elongation to initiation during meiosis exit.

Transcription elongation, especially RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pause-release, is less studied than transcription initiation in regulating gene expression during meiosis. It is also unclear how transcription elongation interplays with transcription initiation. Here, we show that depletion of NKAPL, a testis-specific protein distantly related to RNA splicing factors, causes male infertility in mice by blocking the meiotic exit and downregulating haploid genes.