Trends, Characteristics and Outcomes in Breast Cancer Survivors With STEMI.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. While advances in detection and treatment have improved survival, breast cancer survivors face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, limited data exist on cardiac outcomes after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in this population.

Universal Hydrogel Carrier Enhances Bone Graft Success: Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation.

Orthopedic, maxillofacial, and complex dentoalveolar bone grafting procedures that require donor-site bone harvesting can be associated with post-surgical complications. There has been widespread adoption of exogenously sourced particulate bone graft materials (BGM) for bone regenerative procedures; however, the particulate nature of these materials may lead to compromised healing outcomes, mainly attributed to structural collapse of the BGM, prolonged tissue healing. In this study, a fully synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogel-based universal carrier matrix (TX) that forms flowable and shapable putties with different BGMs while spatially preserving the particles in a 3D scaffold at the implantation site is introduced.

Peritoneal dialysis in patients with severe obesity: A successful single center experience.

There is growing emphasis on increasing utilization of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD); however, use in patients with severe obesity has still been fraught for various reasons. We aim to assess the viability of PD in patients with severe obesity (BMI > 40 Kg/m). We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients admitted at the home dialysis center of an academic center between 2014 and 2020 (n = 99).

Case report: Surgical closure of a facial defect in an African wild dog () utilizing a transpositional skin flap.

Veterinary intervention in zoological species can be complicated by species-specific social dynamics. African wild dogs are a pack species and removal or separation of an individual may disrupt established pack hierarchy resulting in conspecific aggression. Therefore, medical interventions that optimize a quick return to health are ideal to minimize the duration of absence from the pack.

Preoperative anemia is associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased facility discharges after glioblastoma resection.

Background: Despite numerous operative and non-operative treatment modalities, patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a dismal prognosis. Identifying predictors of survival and recurrence is an essential strategy for guiding treatment decisions, and existing literature demonstrates associations between hematologic data and clinical outcomes in cancer patients. As such, we provide a novel analysis that examines associations between preoperative hematologic data and postoperative outcomes following GBM resection.

Revealing the zone of possible agreement between parties in conflict: An application to Israeli-Palestinian peace agreements.

After Hamas' attack on 2023 October 7 and Israel's subsequent war, a pressing question is the nature of a postwar peace agreement. Peace negotiations often become deadlocked due to difficulties in identifying mutually advantageous agreements. A large-scale survey task and method is developed to identify the strength of preference for components of potential peace deals and changes to the status quo.

Efficacy of the Optilume paclitaxel drug-coated balloon after urethroplasty: short-term results from a multicenter study.

Background: The Optilume paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (DCB) is a relatively new-to-market alternative in the management of male anterior urethral stricture disease. The pivotal trial excluded patients with a history of urethroplasty, although these strictures may be amenable to endoscopic management. Therefore, we sought to assess the efficacy of the DCB in the management of recurrent strictures following urethroplasty.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediates nicotine-induced podocyte injury.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for renal dysfunction. Smoking associated with renal damage bears distinct physiological correlations in conditions such as diabetic nephropathy and obesity-induced glomerulopathy. However, the cellular and molecular basis of such an association remains poorly understood.

Obesity, dietary interventions and microbiome alterations in the development and progression of prostate cancer.

Purpose Of Review: The role of the microbiome in prostate cancer is an emerging subject of research interest. Certain lifestyle factors, such as obesity and diet, can also impact the microbiome, which has been implicated in many diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. However, this link has yet to be explored in detail in the context of prostate cancer.

Should we consider microbiota-based interventions as a novel therapeutic strategy for schizophrenia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by a variety of symptoms broadly categorized into positive, negative, and cognitive domains. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors, and its neurobiology is associated with abnormalities in different neurotransmitter systems. Due to this multifactorial etiology and neurobiology, leading to a wide heterogeneity of symptoms and clinical presentations, current antipsychotic treatments face challenges, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches.

A novel interplay between bacteria and metabolites in different early-stage lung cancer: an integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis.

Background: The carcinogenesis mechanism of early-stage lung cancer (ESLC) remains unclear. Microbial dysbiosis is closely related to tumor development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between microbiota dysbiosis in ESLC.

Initial clinical experience with [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: dosimetry, safety, and efficacy from the lead-in cohort of the SPLASH trial.

Introduction: SPLASH (NCT04647526) is a multicenter phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study leveraged a lead-in phase to assess tissue dosimetry and evaluate preliminary safety and efficacy, prior to expansion into a randomized phase. Here we report those results.

Integrating competency-based, interprofessional teamwork education for students: guiding principles to support current needs and future directions.

Interprofessional teamwork is vital to effective patient care, and targeting healthcare learners earlier in their education can lead to greater improvement in confidence and competence in teamwork skills. Despite this, institutions have continued struggling to integrate competency-based interprofessional teamwork curriculum in undergraduate health care professions' education. The current article provides guidance related to design, implementation, and assessment for institutions seeking to implement competency-based teamwork education and training strategies for healthcare students.

Neurological impact of HIV/AIDS and substance use alters brain function and structure.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has successfully controlled AIDS, but HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remain prevalent among people with HIV. HIV infection is often associated with substance use, which promotes HIV transmission and viral replication and exacerbates HANDs even in the era of cART.

Cellular cross-talk drives mesenchymal transdifferentiation in diabetic kidney disease.

While changes in glomerular function and structure may herald diabetic kidney disease (DKD), many studies have underscored the significance of tubule-interstitial changes in the progression of DKD. Indeed, tubule-interstitial fibrosis may be the most important determinant of progression of DKD as in many forms of chronic glomerulopathies. The mechanisms underlying the effects of tubular changes on glomerular function in DKD have intrigued many investigators, and therefore, the signaling mechanisms underlying the cross-talk between tubular cells and glomerular cells have been the focus of investigation in many recent studies.

Clinical and surgical factors influencing screw breakage during hardware removal following periacetabular osteotomy.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a procedure used to treat patients with hip dysplasia. Current literature reports symptomatic hardware removal (HWR) rates of 13.6% following PAO.

Management of a COVID-19 outbreak using a multidisciplinary approach and infection prevention control practices at a community living center in Veterans Administration Hospital, North Texas.

Background: The increase in severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases due to the omicron strain led to reduced acute care hospital beds at the Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, North Texas; veterans with non-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease were managed at a community living center (CLC), a VA nursing home. The management of non-severe COVID-19 in VA nursing homes has not been extensively described.

Methods: We describe resident characteristics and outcomes, and infection control practices implemented during 2 COVID-19 outbreak periods (January 12-February 15, 2022, June 28-July 14, 2023).

Age-dependent phenotypes of cognitive impairment as sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Cognitive changes associated with PASC may not be uniform across populations. We conducted individual-level pooled analyses and meta-analyses of cognitive assessments from eight prospective cohorts, comprising 2,105 patients and 1,432 controls from Argentina, Canada, Chile, Greece, India, Italy, Russia, and the UK. The meta-analysis found no differences by country of origin.

Real-world evaluation of select adverse drug reactions and healthcare utilization associated with parenteral Ibuprofen and ketorolac in adult and pediatric patients.

Introduction: Intravenous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in healthcare settings, but their comparative safety and resource utilization impacts remain understudied. This study aimed to compare adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) between patients receiving IV-ibuprofen versus IV/IM ketorolac.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis was conducted using an all-payer database, examining records from January 1, 2014, to June 3, 2023.

Constructing a metadata knowledge graph as an atlas for demystifying AI pipeline optimization.

The emergence of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models has driven the development of frameworks and approaches that focus on automating model training and hyperparameter tuning of end-to-end AI pipelines. However, other crucial stages of these pipelines such as dataset selection, feature engineering, and model optimization for deployment have received less attention. Improving efficiency of end-to-end AI pipelines requires metadata of past executions of AI pipelines and all their stages.

Prolonged storage reduces viability of and core intestinal bacteria in fecal microbiota transplantation preparations for dogs.

Introduction: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been described useful as an adjunct treatment for chronic enteropathy in dogs. Different protocols can be used to prepare and store FMT preparations, however, the effect of these methods on microbial viability is unknown. We aimed (1) to assess the viability of several core intestinal bacterial species by qPCR and (2) to assess () viability through culture to further characterize bacterial viability in different protocols for FMT preparations.

Complex bacterial diversity of Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments revealed by synthetic long-read sequencing (LoopSeq).

Hydrothermal sediments host phylogenetically diverse and physiologically complex microbial communities. Previous studies of microbial community structure in hydrothermal sediments have typically used short-read sequencing approaches. To improve on these approaches, we use LoopSeq, a high-throughput synthetic long-read sequencing method that has yielded promising results in analyses of microbial ecosystems, such as the human gut microbiome.

Venom immunization: IgG/IgE titers, safety, risk, and methods of the VIPRBITEM cohort.

Background: This is the first study to examine a cohort that engages in the practice of immunization with snake venoms. In this practice, either fresh wet venom or venom reconstituted from freeze-dried form is used in vaccination protocols to produce hyper-immunity to venom.

Methods: This is a retrospective community-initiated collaborative research (CICR) project that collated the records of venom immunization.

Diabetes disparities in diabetes health care access and outcomes during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on hospitalization and consequent diabetes-related complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with diabetes. Interrupted time series analysis (ITS) was used to analyze the monthly trends in diabetes-related hospitalization rates, including short- and long-term complications, 1-year before and after onset of COVID-19.

Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Lip Symmetry for Patients With Repaired Cleft Lip.

Objective: Post-surgical lip symmetry assessment is a key indicator of cleft repair success. Traditional methods rely on distances between anatomical landmarks, which are impractical for video analysis and overlook texture and appearance. We propose an artificial intelligence (AI) approach to automate this process, analyzing lateral lip morphology for a quantitative symmetry evaluation.