Whole genome analysis of Human Mastadenovirus D causing Keratoconjunctivitis in India - A multicentre study.

Introduction: Human mastadenovirus (HAdV) types 8, 37, 64 have been considered the major contributors in Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) epidemics, but recent surveillance data have shown the involvement of emerging recombinants, including HAdV-53, HAdV-54, and HAdV-56. In our initial work, positive samples for adenovirus revealed that our strains were closer to HAdV-54 than HAdV-8. Hence, the current study aimed to use whole genome technology to identify the HAdV strain correctly.

Role of CD4 count estimation in the era of HIV-1 viral load among PLHIV.

Background: ART has improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLHIV) by suppressing the virus and increasing CD4 count. Some PLHIV shows immune-virological discordant responses i.e.

A study to assess the impact of medical nutrition therapy compared to standard nutrition therapy in children with severe thinness in the age group of 5 to 10 years.

Aim: The aim of our study was to study and compare the impact and efficacy of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) with that of the standard nutrition therapy(SNT) in children diagnosed with Severe thiness in the age group of 5-10 years and diagnosed as severely thin.

Study Design: It was a prospective comparative study, conducted over a period of 18 months at the Nutrition Rehabilitation, Research and Training Centre (NRRTC) associated with a tertiary care hospital in India.

Methods And Materials: A total of 113 children in the age group of 5 to 10 years with severe thinness were enrolled and divided into 2 groups-58 were placed in the MNT group and 55 in the SNT group for a period of 8 weeks.

Medical thoracoscopy without pleural fluid: How I do it.

Thoracoscopy is a commonly used minimally invasive procedure in the field of interventional pulmonology. While medical thoracoscopy is the widely preferred modality, modifications to the technique and expansion in the scope of its utility have always challenged the conventional approach. We describe a modified technique of medical thoracoscopy in absence of pleural effusion also known as dry thoracoscopy under sedation and local anaesthesia.

Safety and Efficacy of Trans-Perineal Urethroplasty for Management of Post-Traumatic Urethral Strictures in Pediatric Age-Group.

Introduction: Trans-perineal urethroplasty is the preferred treatment for distraction urethral injuries in adults. However, management of such injuries in children is challenging because of functional implications in a growing child. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of perineal urethroplasty for distraction urethral injuries in children.

Non-surgical Rhinoplasty and Use of Hyaluronic Acid Based Dermal Filler-User Experience in Few Subjects.

This study was intended to assess the utility of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers in patients who do not wish surgery in addition to the patients with minor post-surgery asymmetries. This was a prospective study which included post-surgery patients for minor nasal asymmetries, patients unwilling for surgery and those waiting for revision surgery. It is of great use in candidates who do not wish surgery but had the desire for different nasal appearance especially for important life events like marriage etc.

Paediatric Intussusception: A Clinical Scoring System to Predict the Risk of Operative Intervention.

Background: Intussusception is a common cause of obstruction in paediatric patients. Rapid clinical recognition and treatment is important to prevent potentially fatal complications. The present study aims to derive a clinical scoring system for prediction of risk of operative intervention in patients with intussusception.

Diabetes Mellitus-A Risk Factor for the Development of Lumbar Disc Degeneration: A Retrospective Study of an Indian Population.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objectives: To determine the association between type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the severity of lumbar disc degeneration disease (LDDD).

Methods: We included 199 patients with low back pain (LBP) who visited our hospital from 2016 to 2018.

"Esophagomediastinal fistula presenting as drug resistant tuberculosis".

Esophageal tuberculosis is one of the rarest forms of tuberculosis with higher incidence in immunocompromised cases. In majority of cases it is seen associated with esophagomediastinal and esophagotracheal fistulas. Diagnosis is established with the help of esophagoscopy followed by histopathology and microbiological analysis of biopsy sample.

Hyperglycemia and its influence on development of lumbar degenerative disc disease.

Study Design: A Retrospective observational study.

Objectives: To determine the influence of hyperglycemia on severity of lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD).

Methods: We retrospectively included 199 patients with low back pain (LBP) who visited our tertiary care hospital from June 2016 to December 2018.

Tuberculosis in 2019.

Tuberculosis (TB) updates and guidelines have been published rapidly in last few years. The WHO and RNTCP have recommended suggestions that have changed the diagnostics and therapeutics paradigm in 2019. The rapid nature of these changes need to be appraised at the pulmonologist end.

Clinical, radiological and functional results of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical, functional and radiographic outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in degenerative low-grade spondylolisthesis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study of 120 consecutive patients (M: = 24:96) with spondylolisthesis operated with TLIF. Clinical and functional outcome was assessed on Visual analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI).

Osteoporotic burst fracture-clinical, radiological and functional outcome of three-column reconstruction using single posterior approach (Instrumentation, Corpectomy, Arthroscope Assisted Transpedicular Decompression and Mesh Cage).

Purpose: To evaluate a novel effective procedure utilizing three-column reconstruction via a posterior approach with a technique that utilizes an arthroscope to visualize the anterior surface of the dura during decompression.

Methods: A Prospective Study. 80 Osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture patients with similar demographic data managed by three-column reconstruction through single posterior approach surgery: Pedicle screw fixation, Corpectomy, Arthroscope Assisted Transpedicular Decompression (AATD) and Fusion (Mesh Cage + Bone grafting).

Novel complications of the tunnelled indwelling pleural catheter.

Tunnelled indwelling pleural catheters (TIPC) are a modality of treatment for malignant pleural effusions. Though relatively easy, safe and efficacious, they are associated with a small risk of complications. We describe newer complications of the TIPC including the retention of the polyester plug and the blockage of the catheter with thick organised material consisting of malignant cells taking the shape of the catheter.

Impulse oscillometry.

Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the newly described pulmonary function tests. It is based on the old principle of forced oscillatory technique modified and refined as per research and advances.

DREEM Study: Students Perceptions of Learning Environment in a Medical College in Mumbai, India.

Purpose: This study was carried out to assess medical education environment (MEE) at our institution and to determine if there is an association between the assessment scores and factors such as gender, residence, family educational background and medium of instruction during school years.

Methods: Students appearing for the final qualifying examination were enrolled in the cross-sectional survey after obtaining written informed consent. Demographic data and personal information such as place of residence, parental education and medium of instruction was collected.

Comparison of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography with voiding cystourethrography in pediatric vesicoureteral reflux.

Objective: Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) has been considered as the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). But, it requires fluoroscopic guidance which expose children to radiation. Voiding urosonography (VUS) is technically analogous to VCUG and has the major advantage of zero radiation exposure.

An Unusual Presentation of Rectal Carcinoma in a Child.

Colorectal carcinoma is a well-known malignancy in adults. However, it is rare in children. Besides, it also has different behaviour in paediatric age-group and usually presents with non-specific symptoms like abdominal pain, weight loss, and anaemia.

Desmosis coli - a case report and review of the literature.

Desmosis coli is a rare pathology presenting as slow transit constipation. In this case we would like to discuss the presentation and management of desmosis coli. A 14-month-old female hailing from western India with a history of chronic constipation presented with acute massive abdominal distension and vomiting.

A rare presentation of cystic nephroma in a young adult.

Cystic nephroma is a rare benign renal lesion with non-specific presenting symptoms. This tumour has a bimodal age distribution presenting in children between 3 months and 2 years and in adults over 30 years of age. There is male preponderance with a 2:1 male to female ratio in the childhood whereas it is commoner in females in adults.

Transurethral incision of ureteroceles in paediatric age group.

Objective: Ureteroceles are a great clinical challenge because of variations in anatomy and clinical presentations. We present our experience with primary transurethral incision of ureteroceles in children.

Material And Methods: Data of thirteen children managed for ureterocele from 2009 to 2016 was retrospectively analyzed with respect to age, sex, clinical presentation and symptomatology, type and localization of ureterocele, investigations, surgical management and follow-up.

Congenital rectovaginal fistula with anorectal agenesis: A rare anorectal malformation.

Background: Rectovaginal fistula is a rare type of anorectal malformation; the incidence being less than 1%. We describe five cases of rectovaginal fistula managed at our institution.

Materials And Methods: Case records of five female neonates with rectovaginal fistula managed at our institute between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed and analysed with respect to age at presentation, clinical presentations, physical findings, investigations, management and outcome.