Evaluation of antioxidant status of lens epithelial cells in cataract patients.

Purpose: The main factor that causes cataracts is the increased oxidative stress and imbalance of an antioxidant defense mechanism, which leads to significant changes in the lens microarchitecture. Senile cataract is the most common type of acquired cataracts due to aging.

Methods: We carried out a case-control study in the biochemistry department to examine the antioxidant status (catalase and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) and lipid peroxidation marker, that is, malondialdehyde (MDA) in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) of different grades of senile cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts.

Late-Onset Angioedema With Olanzapine in a Tertiary Hospital.

A medical condition known as angioedema is characterized by sudden swelling of the mucosa, subcutaneous tissue, dermis, and submucosal tissues. If airway obstruction results in respiratory distress, this condition may be fatal. Histamine, bradykinin, and leukotrienes are just a few of the complex chemotactic mediators that play a role in the pathophysiology of angioedema and can lead to fluid buildup in deeper skin layers.

Atypical Presentation of Multiple Myeloma Affecting Appendicular Skeleton Associated with Pathological Neck of Femur and Proximal Humerus Fractures - A Case Report.

Introduction: The increasing incidence of atraumatic neck of femur (NOF) fractures, often linked to age-related bone weakening, is a notable clinical trend. This case report highlights a 72-year-old male presenting with NOF and proximal humerus fractures post-trivial fall, revealing lytic lesions suggestive of multiple myeloma (MM). Despite inconclusive skeletal and metabolic evaluations, a comprehensive surgical approach confirmed MM, emphasizing the importance of thorough diagnostic and therapeutic management in complex cases.

Atypical Presentation of Primary Greater Trochanter Tuberculosis - A Case Report.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) of the greater trochanter constitutes about 2% of musculoskeletal TB cases, often presenting with non-specific symptoms of localized pain, tenderness, and swelling, necessitating differentiation from other conditions like tumors. Bursal involvement results in the formation of a fluctuating mass. This case emphasizes the need for meticulous diagnostic evaluation in these cases due to their uncommon presentation and potential for inadequate assessment.

Role of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and Gene Xpert.

Background: Mediastinal tubercular lymphadenitis is form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis [EPTB]. Clinical presentations are non-specific and diagnosis remains great clinical challenge. Microbiological and or histopathological evidences need to be present in order make diagnosis secure before initiation of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT).

Uncommon Effect of Phenytoin on Fracture Union: Report of Two Cases.

Introduction: Prolonged phenytoin (PHD) therapy in epileptics predisposes patients to deleterious effects on bone health causing osteoporosis; however, despite its known effect on wound healing, collagen and fibroblast proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, its impact on fracture healing remains poorly researched, we, report two cases of early exuberant callus formation in long bone fractures in patients undergoing long-term PHD therapy.

Case Report: Two female patients with known seizure disorder on long-term PHD therapy experienced proximal humerus fractures after trivial trauma. Metabolic work-up revealed low serum calcium and Vitamin D3 levels with elevated ALP, serum osteocalcin, and iPTH.

'PRUT' - A cadaveric study to understand the mechanism of this rare paediatric elbow injury with a comprehensive review of literature.

Introduction: Proximal radio-ulnar translocation (PRUT) with elbow dislocation, without a fracture, is an extremely unusual injury.

Case: A 6-year-old female child presented to us with posterior elbow dislocation, PRUT and incomplete ulnar nerve palsy. A hematoma aspiration and reduction of the elbow joint were done with a hyper-supination manoeuvre to reverse the translocation.

A Rare Co-existent Case of Splenic Microfilariasis and Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Epithelial Neoplasm - A Double Jeopardy!

Filariasis is a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical countries like India with accounting for 90% of lymphatic filariasis. Rarely observed are extra lymphatic manifestations caused by interaction of immune system with microfilaria and their diffusible products. Among various organs involved, splenic involvement is a rare extra lymphatic manifestation of filariasis and can masquerade clinicoradiologically as metastasis when associated with a known malignancy or as a primary malignancy like lymphoma.

A cross-sectional study to assess the occupational health hazards among fisherwomen in a metropolitan city.

Context: Research on the working conditions and health hazards of fishing communities in developing countries is scarce.

Aims: 1) To assess the occupational health hazards among women fish vendors. 2) To understand the morbidity profile in them.

Silicosis-Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Overlap-A Rare Duet!

Silicosis is a progressive pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust commonly seen in workers of construction sites, flour mills, and mining. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus antigens commonly encountered in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. We report a case of 60-year-old flour mill worker presented with clinico-radiological features of silicosis; further evaluation was found to have an overlap of ABPA in view of severe atopic symptoms.

NCCP-ICS joint consensus-based clinical practice guidelines on medical thoracoscopy.

Medical Thoracoscopy (MT) is commonly performed by respiratory physicians for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based information regarding all aspects of MT, both as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic aid for pulmonologists across India. The consensus-based guidelines were formulated based on a multistep process using a set of 31 questions.

Whole genome analysis of Human Mastadenovirus D causing Keratoconjunctivitis in India - A multicentre study.

Introduction: Human mastadenovirus (HAdV) types 8, 37, 64 have been considered the major contributors in Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) epidemics, but recent surveillance data have shown the involvement of emerging recombinants, including HAdV-53, HAdV-54, and HAdV-56. In our initial work, positive samples for adenovirus revealed that our strains were closer to HAdV-54 than HAdV-8. Hence, the current study aimed to use whole genome technology to identify the HAdV strain correctly.

Mental health and well-being of women (menarche, perinatal, and menopause).

Mental well-being is now an increasingly researched and discussed topic that primarily involves taking care of mental health in a preventive manner and is more of a subjective concept. Mental well-being ensures mental health and measures taken toward it can protect the person's overall health. Discussing and researching this concept is of paramount importance as this will not just safeguard an individual life but the society at large.

Mental health and well-being in children and adolescents.

The guideline discusses the various milestones in typical neurodevelopment and the various checkpoints where atypical development can be picked up. There is also a remarkable influence of epigenetics and parenting on child development and well - being. It is also essential to establish effective communication to facilitate healthy child development.

Negative and positive impacts on lives of resident doctors working in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Mumbai: A mixed-methods study.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in inducting trainee resident doctors (RDs) in the care of COVID-19 patients. Limited research has been conducted to understand the impact of domains other than physical and emotional health on their lives. The focus has been to understand the negative consequences of COVID-19 duties, disregarding the possibility of any positive impact that could have emerged.

SLD with and without ADHD: Comparison of cognitive profiles.

A quarter of children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) have a comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which impacts the testing of intelligence. ADHD is therefore treated before proceeding with the assessment of intelligence. It is expected that the treatment of ADHD will mitigate its effects on intelligence testing.