Supernumerary testis: Imaging appearance of a rare entity.

Supernumerary testis is a rare congenital anomaly of the testis arising from abnormal division in the genital ridge during the embryogenesis of testis. We describe a case of polyorchidism detected incidentally in a 52-year-old with renal failure.

Loose cell clusters with vascular coats: Zellballen pattern of paraganglioma on cytology.

Paragangliomas are uncommon tumors arising in paraganglion tissue, which is well represented in the head and neck. A correct pre-operative cytological diagnosis helps in planning early and optimal surgery. Cytologic features in carotid body tumor and extra adrenal paragangliomas have been well described and documented.

Investigation into the mechanism of action of essential oil of Pistacia integerrima for its antiasthmatic activity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pistacia integerrima J.L. Stewart ex Brandis locally known as Karkatashringi is an important medicinal plant whose galls are valued in traditional medicine used in India for the treatment of asthma, chronic bronchitis, phthisis, diarrhea, fever, other ailments for the respiratory tract, and as antispasmodic, carminative, antiamoebic and anthelmintic.

Future drugs for the treatment of dry cough.

Cough is a commonly frequent debilitating symptom that is often viewed as an intractable problem. However, specialist cough clinics report very high success rate, in the order of 90%.6 The key to successful management is to establish a diagnosis and treat the cause.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a series of 12 cases.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is a soft tissue sarcomas arising from interstitial cell of Cajal of the gastrointestinal tract. Since its description in 1983, its management has seen sea change - from surgery to drug therapy, for CD 117 positive patients. Though it has an indolent course compared to adenocarcinoma, over the decades it has surprised surgeons with its varied presentation.

Large retroperitoneal liposarcoma - a series of five cases.

Large retroperitoneal liposarcomas represent a unique situation and require a more aggressive surgical approach, including multiple resections for recurrences. We report a series of 5 cases of large retroperitoneal liposarcoma managed aggressively with surgical resection. All cases presented with lump and abdominal pain and diagnosis was established by Ultrasonography and CT scan.

Immunization coverage: role of sociodemographic variables.

Children are considered fully immunized if they receive one dose of BCG, three doses of DPT and polio vaccine each, and one measles vaccine. In India, only 44% of children aged 12-23 months are fully vaccinated and about 5% have not received any vaccination at all. Even if national immunization coverage levels are sufficiently high to block disease transmission, pockets of susceptibility may act as potential reservoirs of infection.

Contained cardiac rupture: an autopsy case.

Rupture of the myocardium due to myocardial infarction is often fatal but when such patients survive, they present with a pseudoaneurysm where the defect is sealed by the pericardium preventing the complete rupture. This is described as a 'contained myocardial rupture'. We describe here a case of left ventricular contained myocardial rupture following an acute myocardial infarction.

Plastic bronchitis in beta thalassemia minor.

Plastic bronchitis is a rare pulmonary disorder associated with various conditions like cystic fibrosis, asthma, pulmonary infection and characterized by formation and expectoration of cast which assumes the shape of the bronchial tree. We report a case of a 33-year-old woman with beta thalassemia minor who developed plastic bronchitis.

Alfa-fetoprotein secreting ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor.

Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors are relatively infrequent neoplasms that account for approximately 8% of all primary ovarian tumors. They are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms composed of cells derived from gonadal sex cords (granulosa and Sertoli cells), specialized gonadal stroma (theca and Leydig cells), and fibroblasts. They may show androgenic or estrogenic manifestations.

Evaluation of effect of allopurinol and febuxostat in behavioral model of depression in mice.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of allopurinol and febuxostat on depression using Forced Swim Test (FST) in mice.

Materials And Methods: Allopurinol (39 mg/kg p. o) and febuxostat (15.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment: An analysis and its impact on caregiving.

Background: Neuropsychiatric impairments play a significant role throughout the course of cognitive decline. Many psychological and behavioral symptoms are present in patients of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) similar to that seen in individuals with dementia.

Aims And Objectives: To study the relevance of neuropsychiatric symptoms of MCI and the impact it has on caregivers of these patients.

Pneumoconioses.

Occupational lung diseases are caused or made worse by exposure to harmful substances in the work-place. "Pneumoconiosis" is the term used for the diseases associated with inhalation of mineral dusts. While many of these broad-spectrum substances may be encountered in the general environment, many occur in the work-place for greater amounts as a result of industrial processes; therefore, a range of lung reactions may occur as a result of work-place exposure.

Incidence of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Objectives: Rampant and injudicious use of broad spectrum antibiotics in hospitalized patients has increased the incidence of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea (CDAD). Though antibiotic use is the best known risk factor for CDAD, the occurrence of community acquired C. difficile suggests the presence of other risk factors too.