A Cross-sectional Study to Estimate the Proportion and Ascertain Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis Knee among Women above 45 Years of Age Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: With aging, women face various health issues, the most common of which are musculoskeletal disorders. Osteoarthritis accounts for 15% of all musculoskeletal disorders in patients above the age of 45 years but receives little attention. This study aims to estimate the proportion of women above 45 years suffering from Osteoarthritis (OA) knee and to ascertain its risk determinants.

Endometrial Secrets Unmasked through Cytology Analysis.

Background: Endometrial aspiration (EA) is an economic, painless technique on an outpatient basis. Present study aimed at cytological evaluation of EA for (a) cellular yield and morphology and (b) utility of cell block (CB) and cytocentrifuge (CC) techniques.

Materials And Methods: EA samples were divided into two aliquots.

An Autopsy Study of Cerebrovascular Atherosclerosis in the Elderly.

Background: Stroke is an important cause of mortality with intracranial atherosclerosis as an important risk factor. Geographical variation in the pattern of atherosclerosis is well documented with various studies in stroke patients showing that African Americans and Japanese people tend to have intracranial vascular occlusion, whereas Caucasians more often have extracranial atherosclerotic lesions.

Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of Indian elderly patients over 60 years of age where we have studied the CNS vasculature in detail including intracranial atherosclerosis with regards to its incidence, severity, distribution, plaque composition and associated risk factors.

Audit in surgical histopathology at a tertiary healthcare center: Study of preanalytical and analytical phase.

Context: An audit aims to verify conformance to required processes, assess their implementation, and define the targets of quality control.

Aims: To evaluate preanalytic and analytic phases of surgical histopathology in a tertiary healthcare center.

Setting And Design: An observational retrospective and prospective study over 3 months each of year 2013 and 2014.

Evaluation of lymph node ratio and morphologic patterns of nodal reactive hyperplasia in primary organ malignancy.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR) in cancer staging is the ratio of nodal metastases (LNM) to total nodes harvested (LNH). Reactive nodal hyperplasia can exhibit morphological patterns I to VI.

Aims: To measure LNR and evaluate it with tumor stage, tumor grade, LN reactive patterns, and LN size.

Venous thromboembolism due to hyperhomocysteinaemia and tuberculosis.

An 18-year-old male presented to our hospital with complaints of episodic abdominal pain, dry cough and right pleuritic chest pain. He was diagnosed as a case of right tuberculous pleural effusion on the basis of the pleural fluid Genexpert report of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected sensitive to rifampicin and was started on antituberculous therapy. Forty-five days later, he presented with acute onset breathlessness, swelling of the right leg, streaky haemoptysis and a fresh left-sided pleural effusion.

Bednar Tumor: An Uncommon Entity.

Bednar tumor is an uncommon variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Also known as pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, this tumor is of intermediate grade. It is seen in adults and has a predisposition to affect the shoulder region.

A rare case of malignant paraganglioma of urinary bladder.

Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is a rare pathologic entity with no definitive histological, immunohistochemical or molecular features to determine its malignant potential. Malignancy is essentially determined by the presence of deep local invasion, invasion of adjacent structures and lymph node or distant metastases. So far, up to 180 cases of paraganglioma have been reported, with <30 being malignant.

Stewart-bluefarb acroangiodermatitis in a case of parkes-weber syndrome.

Stewart-Bluefarb acroangiodermatitis is the occurrence of pseudo-kaposiform changes with an underlying arterio-venous malformation. Parkes-Weber syndrome is a triad of arterio-venous malformation with varicose veins with bony and soft-tissue hypertrophy involving the extremity. A 13 year-old-female presented with ulcerated growth with bleeding episodes on right leg since past four years.

Complex regional pain syndrome secondary to leprosy.

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae affecting the skin and the nerves. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS/Sudeck's dystrophy) is a painful and disabling condition--a triad of autonomic, sensory, and motor symptoms disproportionate to the inciting event (inflammatory, infective, or traumatic nerve damage).

Case: A 20-year-old male presented with continuous pain, aggravated by cold and emotions, loss of fine touch and temperature sensation, redness, swelling, along lateral aspect of left hand and forearm with weakness in the grip of 6 months' duration.

Posterior fossa involvement in a recurrent gliosarcoma.

Gliosarcoma (GSM) is a WHO grade 4 tumor and a variant of glioblastoma multiforme with predilection for the temporal lobe. We record, perhaps the first case in literature, of a temporal lobe GSM with recurrence involving the posterior fossa. A 50-year-old man presented to us with headache, vomiting, and lethargy of relatively recent onset.

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis involving posterior elements of the dorsal spine: An unusual cause of extradural spinal mass in an adult.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells occurring as an isolated lesion or as part of a systemic proliferation. It is commoner in children younger than 10 years of age with sparing of the posterior elements in more than 95% of cases. We describe a case of LCH in an adult female presenting with paraplegia.